diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/add_survey_point.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/add_survey_point.py
index 83141b5b6f..c7aded6bb5 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/add_survey_point.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/add_survey_point.py
@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ import ifcopenshell
 from ifcopenshell import entity_instance
 import typing
 
-def add_survey_point(file: ifcopenshell.file, survey_point: entity_instance, site:entity_instance = None) -> entity_instance:
+
+def add_survey_point(
+    file: ifcopenshell.file, survey_point: entity_instance, site: entity_instance = None
+) -> entity_instance:
     """
     Adds a single survey point to the model based on IFC Concept Template 4.1.7.1.2.5.
     Survey points are located relative to IfcRepresentationContext.WorldCoordinateSystem
@@ -34,14 +37,21 @@ def add_survey_point(file: ifcopenshell.file, survey_point: entity_instance, sit
 
         annotation = ifcopenshell.api.cogo.add_survey_point(file,file.createIfcCartesianPoint(4000.0,3500.0)))
     """
-    context = ifcopenshell.util.representation.get_context(file,"Model","Annotation","MODEL_VIEW")
-    shape_representation = file.createIfcShapeRepresentation(ContextOfItems=context,RepresentationIdentifier='Annotation',RepresentationType='Point',Items=[survey_point])
+    context = ifcopenshell.util.representation.get_context(file, "Model", "Annotation", "MODEL_VIEW")
+    shape_representation = file.createIfcShapeRepresentation(
+        ContextOfItems=context, RepresentationIdentifier="Annotation", RepresentationType="Point", Items=[survey_point]
+    )
     representation = file.createIfcProductDefinitionShape(Representations=[shape_representation])
-    annotation = file.createIfcAnnotation(ifcopenshell.guid.new(),ObjectPlacement=context.WorldCoordinateSystem,Representation=representation,PredefinedType="SURVEY")
-    
-    if (site == None):
+    annotation = file.createIfcAnnotation(
+        ifcopenshell.guid.new(),
+        ObjectPlacement=context.WorldCoordinateSystem,
+        Representation=representation,
+        PredefinedType="SURVEY",
+    )
+
+    if site == None:
         site = file.by_type("IfcSite")[0]
 
-    ifcopenshell.api.spatial.assign_container(file,relating_structure=site,products=[annotation])
+    ifcopenshell.api.spatial.assign_container(file, relating_structure=site, products=[annotation])
 
     return annotation
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/assign_survey_point.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/assign_survey_point.py
index 0208a93fb4..c9a6ba0acc 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/assign_survey_point.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/assign_survey_point.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import ifcopenshell
 from ifcopenshell import entity_instance
 import typing
 
+
 def assign_survey_point(annotation: entity_instance, survey_point: entity_instance):
     """
     Assigns a coordinate point to a survey point annotation
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/bearing2dd.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/bearing2dd.py
index 1625e16a98..895215f066 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/bearing2dd.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/bearing2dd.py
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@
 
 import ifcopenshell.util.geolocation
 
-def bearing2dd(bearing: str)->float:
+
+def bearing2dd(bearing: str) -> float:
     """
     Converts a quadrant bearing string to decimal degrees
 
@@ -35,26 +36,26 @@ def bearing2dd(bearing: str)->float:
     """
     error_msg = "Invalid bearing string"
 
-    bearing = bearing.strip() # trim external white space
-    bearing = ' '.join(bearing.split()) # make sure all parts separated by a single space
+    bearing = bearing.strip()  # trim external white space
+    bearing = " ".join(bearing.split())  # make sure all parts separated by a single space
     parts = bearing.split()
     nParts = len(parts)
     if nParts < 3 or 5 < nParts:
         raise ValueError(error_msg)
-    
+
     cY = parts[0]
     cY = cY.upper()
-    if cY != 'N' and cY != 'S':
+    if cY != "N" and cY != "S":
         raise ValueError(error_msg)
 
     cX = parts[-1]
     cX = cX.upper()
-    if cX != 'E' and cX != 'W':
+    if cX != "E" and cX != "W":
         raise ValueError(error_msg)
-    
+
     d = 0
     m = 0
-    s = 0.
+    s = 0.0
     ms = 0
 
     if nParts == 3:
@@ -69,38 +70,37 @@ def bearing2dd(bearing: str)->float:
 
     # s in a decimal number
     # need to break it into whole seconds and milliseconds
-    ms = 100.*(s - int(s))
+    ms = 100.0 * (s - int(s))
     s = int(s)
 
     if d < 0 or (m < 0 or 60 <= m) or (s < 0 or 60 <= s) or ms < 0:
         raise ValueError(error_msg)
-    
-    if cY == 'N' and cX == 'E':
-        angle = 90.
-        sign = -1.
-    elif cY == 'N' and cX == 'W':
-        angle = 90.
-        sign = 1.
-    elif cY == 'S' and cX == 'E':
-        angle = 270.
-        sign = 1.
-    elif cY == 'S' and cX == 'W':
-        angle = 270.
-        sign = -1.
+
+    if cY == "N" and cX == "E":
+        angle = 90.0
+        sign = -1.0
+    elif cY == "N" and cX == "W":
+        angle = 90.0
+        sign = 1.0
+    elif cY == "S" and cX == "E":
+        angle = 270.0
+        sign = 1.0
+    elif cY == "S" and cX == "W":
+        angle = 270.0
+        sign = -1.0
 
     try:
-        dms = ifcopenshell.util.geolocation.dms2dd(d,m,s,ms)
+        dms = ifcopenshell.util.geolocation.dms2dd(d, m, s, ms)
     except ValueError:
         raise ValueError(error_msg)
-    
-    if dms < 0. or 90. < dms:
+
+    if dms < 0.0 or 90.0 < dms:
         raise ValueError(error_msg)
 
-    angle += sign*dms
+    angle += sign * dms
 
     # S 90 E will evaluate to 360
-    if angle == 360.:
-        angle = 0.
+    if angle == 360.0:
+        angle = 0.0
 
     return angle
-
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/edit_survey_point.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/edit_survey_point.py
index 46aaa1eff3..d2208dc649 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/edit_survey_point.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/api/cogo/edit_survey_point.py
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ import ifcopenshell
 from ifcopenshell import entity_instance
 import typing
 
-def edit_survey_point(annotation: entity_instance, x:float,y:float,z:float=0.0):
+
+def edit_survey_point(annotation: entity_instance, x: float, y: float, z: float = 0.0):
     """
     Edits the location of a previously defined survey point
 
@@ -35,6 +36,6 @@ def edit_survey_point(annotation: entity_instance, x:float,y:float,z:float=0.0):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.edit_surve_point(annotation,3500.0,2000.0)
     """
     if annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Dim == 2:
-        annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates = ((x,y))
+        annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates = (x, y)
     else:
-        annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates = ((x,y,z))
+        annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates = (x, y, z)
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/util/stationing.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/util/stationing.py
index 3fff28b844..83669631ea 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/util/stationing.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/util/stationing.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import math
 import ifcopenshell
 import ifcopenshell.util.unit
 
+
 def station_as_string(file: ifcopenshell.file, sta: float):
     """
     Returns a stringized version of a station. Example 100.0 is 1+00.00 as a stationing string.
@@ -28,18 +29,21 @@ def station_as_string(file: ifcopenshell.file, sta: float):
     :param station: the station to be stringized
     :return: stringized station
     """
-    
-    unit_type = ifcopenshell.util.unit.get_project_unit(file,"LENGTHUNIT")
+
+    unit_type = ifcopenshell.util.unit.get_project_unit(file, "LENGTHUNIT")
     if unit_type.is_a("IfcConversionBasedUnit"):
-        station = ifcopenshell.util.unit.convert(sta,from_unit=unit_type.Name,from_prefix=None,to_unit="foot",to_prefix=None)
+        station = ifcopenshell.util.unit.convert(
+            sta, from_unit=unit_type.Name, from_prefix=None, to_unit="foot", to_prefix=None
+        )
         plus_seperator = 2
         precision = 2
     else:
-        station = ifcopenshell.util.unit.convert(sta,from_unit=unit_type.Name,from_prefix=unit_type.Prefix,to_unit="meter",to_prefix=None)
+        station = ifcopenshell.util.unit.convert(
+            sta, from_unit=unit_type.Name, from_prefix=unit_type.Prefix, to_unit="meter", to_prefix=None
+        )
         plus_seperator = 3
         precision = 3
 
-
     value = math.fabs(station)
 
     shifter = math.pow(10.0, plus_seperator)
@@ -48,7 +52,7 @@ def station_as_string(file: ifcopenshell.file, sta: float):
 
     # Check to make sure that v2 is not basically the same as shifter
     # If station = 69500.00000, we sometimes get 694+100.00 instead of 695+00.00
-    if math.isclose(v2-shifter, 0., abs_tol=5.0 * math.pow(10.0, -(precision + 1))):
+    if math.isclose(v2 - shifter, 0.0, abs_tol=5.0 * math.pow(10.0, -(precision + 1))):
         v2 = 0.0
         v1 += 1
 
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_segment_to_layout.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_segment_to_layout.py
index fb88f14f59..78edd9d9e0 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_segment_to_layout.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_segment_to_layout.py
@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 from ifcopenshell.api.alignment._add_segment_to_layout import _add_segment_to_layout
 
+
 def test_add_segment_to_layout():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ def test_add_segment_to_layout():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"")
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "")
     horizontal_alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
 
     design_parameters = file.create_entity(
@@ -66,6 +67,10 @@ def test_add_segment_to_layout():
     _add_segment_to_layout(file, horizontal_alignment, alignment_segment)
 
     assert len(horizontal_alignment.IsNestedBy) == 1
-    assert len(horizontal_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 2 # The the segment we added and the automatically created zero length segment
+    assert (
+        len(horizontal_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 2
+    )  # The the segment we added and the automatically created zero length segment
     assert horizontal_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0] == alignment_segment
-    assert alignment_segment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].is_a("IfcReferent") # a referent is automatically added at the start of the segment
+    assert (
+        alignment_segment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].is_a("IfcReferent")
+    )  # a referent is automatically added at the start of the segment
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_stationing_to_alignment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_stationing_to_alignment.py
index 70d60290a6..5849f2f1c9 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_stationing_to_alignment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_stationing_to_alignment.py
@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 import ifcopenshell.api.context
 import ifcopenshell.util.element
 
+
 def test_add_stationing_to_alignment():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -35,9 +36,7 @@ def test_add_stationing_to_alignment():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(
-        file, "TestAlignment", start_station=2000.
-    )
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", start_station=2000.0)
 
     for rel in alignment.IsNestedBy:
         for referent in rel.RelatedObjects:
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_vertical_alignment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_vertical_alignment.py
index baad99ab1c..957379abee 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_vertical_alignment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_add_vertical_alignment.py
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 def test_add_vertical_alignment():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def test_add_vertical_alignment():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"A1",include_vertical=False)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "A1", include_vertical=False)
 
     assert len(alignment.IsDecomposedBy) == 0  # no child alignments
     assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy) == 1  # one nest
@@ -45,11 +45,13 @@ def test_add_vertical_alignment():
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(alignment)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
 
-    vertical_layout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.add_vertical_layout(file,alignment)
+    vertical_layout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.add_vertical_layout(file, alignment)
 
     assert len(alignment.IsDecomposedBy) == 0  # no child alignments
     assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy) == 1  # one nest
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3  # nesting IfcReferent, IfcAlignmentHorizontal, IfcAlignmentVertical
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
+    )  # nesting IfcReferent, IfcAlignmentHorizontal, IfcAlignmentVertical
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].is_a("IfcReferent")
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].is_a("IfcAlignmentHorizontal")
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].is_a("IfcAlignmentVertical")
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ def test_add_vertical_alignment():
     assert curve.is_a("IfcGradientCurve")
 
     # add a second vertical alignment
-    vertical_layout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.add_vertical_layout(file,alignment)
+    vertical_layout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.add_vertical_layout(file, alignment)
 
     assert len(alignment.IsDecomposedBy) == 1  # 1 IfcRelAggreates relationship for the child algiments
     assert (
@@ -75,4 +77,5 @@ def test_add_vertical_alignment():
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].is_a("IfcReferent")
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].is_a("IfcAlignmentHorizontal")
 
-test_add_vertical_alignment()
\ No newline at end of file
+
+test_add_vertical_alignment()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment.py
index ee49d235b9..2e5ec28f4d 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment.py
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 def test_create_alignment():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -36,34 +36,36 @@ def test_create_alignment():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    include_vertical = [False,True,True]
+    include_vertical = [False, True, True]
     include_cant = [False, False, True]
-    expected_curve_type = ["IfcCompositeCurve","IfcGradientCurve","IfcSegmentedReferenceCurve"]
+    expected_curve_type = ["IfcCompositeCurve", "IfcGradientCurve", "IfcSegmentedReferenceCurve"]
 
-    for i in range(0,3) :
-        ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"A1",include_vertical[i],include_cant[i])
+    for i in range(0, 3):
+        ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "A1", include_vertical[i], include_cant[i])
         assert ali != None
 
         # verify the geometric representation was created
         curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(ali)
-        assert(curve.is_a() == expected_curve_type[i])
+        assert curve.is_a() == expected_curve_type[i]
         assert len(curve.Segments) == 1
 
         horiz = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(ali)
         vert = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_vertical_layout(ali)
         cant = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_cant_layout(ali)
-        
+
         assert horiz != None
         if include_vertical[i]:
             assert vert != None
-        
+
         if include_cant[i]:
             assert cant != None
 
         # verify each layout has a zero length segment (which also tests if the geometry curve has a zero length segment)
-        alignments = [horiz,vert,cant]
+        alignments = [horiz, vert, cant]
         for a in alignments:
             if a != None:
                 segments = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_layout_segments(a)
                 assert len(segments) == 1
-                assert ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment(a) # there is a check in this function for the geometry curve
+                assert ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment(
+                    a
+                )  # there is a check in this function for the geometry curve
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment_by_pi_method.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment_by_pi_method.py
index d1a9fb6aaf..17f37ded98 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment_by_pi_method.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_alignment_by_pi_method.py
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 def test_create_alignment_pi_method():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file,name="foot")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file, name="foot")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -40,18 +40,27 @@ def test_create_alignment_pi_method():
     vpoints = [(0.0, 100.0), (2000.0, 135.0), (5000.0, 105.0), (7400.0, 153.0), (9800.0, 105.0), (12800.0, 90.0)]
     lengths = [(1600.0), (1200.0), (2000.0), (800.0)]
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_by_pi_method(file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints, lengths)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_by_pi_method(
+        file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints, lengths
+    )
 
     assert len(alignment.IsDecomposedBy) == 0  # no child alignments
     assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy) == 1  # one nest
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3  # nesting IfcReferent, IfcAlignmentHorizontal, IfcAlignmentVertical
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
+    )  # nesting IfcReferent, IfcAlignmentHorizontal, IfcAlignmentVertical
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].is_a("IfcReferent")
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].is_a("IfcAlignmentHorizontal")
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].is_a("IfcAlignmentVertical")
     assert (
         len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy) == 1
     )  # nesting of segments beneath IfcAlignmentHorizontal
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 8  # segments in horizontal layout
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 10  # segments in vertical layout
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 8
+    )  # segments in horizontal layout
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 10
+    )  # segments in vertical layout
 
-test_create_alignment_pi_method()
\ No newline at end of file
+
+test_create_alignment_pi_method()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_layout_segment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_layout_segment.py
index ab80f37bc3..f7d8f98432 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_layout_segment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_create_layout_segment.py
@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 from ifcopenshell import entity_instance
 import math
 
+
 def _test_horizontal() -> ifcopenshell.file:
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -37,13 +38,13 @@ def _test_horizontal() -> ifcopenshell.file:
     )
 
     # creates an IfcAlignment with an IfcAlignmentHorizontal layout containing only the zero length segment
-    ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"A1")
+    ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "A1")
 
     # append a segment to the horizontal layout
     horizontal_alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(ali)
 
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(horizontal_alignment)
-    assert curve == None # for single horizontal, geometric representation is on IfcAlignment
+    assert curve == None  # for single horizontal, geometric representation is on IfcAlignment
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(ali)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
     assert len(curve.Segments) == 1
@@ -60,14 +61,14 @@ def _test_horizontal() -> ifcopenshell.file:
         GravityCenterLineHeight=None,
         PredefinedType="LINE",
     )
-    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,horizontal_alignment,design_parameters)
+    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, horizontal_alignment, design_parameters)
 
     assert len(horizontal_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 2
 
-    x = end[0,3]
-    y = end[1,3]
-    z = end[2,3]
-    
+    x = end[0, 3]
+    y = end[1, 3]
+    z = end[2, 3]
+
     assert x == 100.0
     assert y == 0.0
     assert z == 0.0
@@ -76,13 +77,12 @@ def _test_horizontal() -> ifcopenshell.file:
     assert curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
     assert len(curve.Segments) == 2
 
-
     design_parameters = file.create_entity(
         type="IfcAlignmentHorizontalSegment",
         StartTag=None,
         EndTag=None,
         StartPoint=file.createIfcCartesianPoint(Coordinates=((x.item(), y.item()))),
-        StartDirection=math.pi/6,
+        StartDirection=math.pi / 6,
         StartRadiusOfCurvature=0.0,
         EndRadiusOfCurvature=0.0,
         SegmentLength=50.0,
@@ -90,15 +90,15 @@ def _test_horizontal() -> ifcopenshell.file:
         PredefinedType="LINE",
     )
 
-    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,horizontal_alignment,design_parameters)
+    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, horizontal_alignment, design_parameters)
     assert len(horizontal_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
 
-    x = end[0,3]
-    y = end[1,3]
-    z = end[2,3]
-    
-    assert x == 100.0 + 50.0*math.cos(math.pi/6)
-    assert y == 50.0*math.sin(math.pi/6)
+    x = end[0, 3]
+    y = end[1, 3]
+    z = end[2, 3]
+
+    assert x == 100.0 + 50.0 * math.cos(math.pi / 6)
+    assert y == 50.0 * math.sin(math.pi / 6)
     assert z == 0.0
 
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(ali)
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ def _test_horizontal() -> ifcopenshell.file:
 
 def _test_horizontal_vertical():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def _test_horizontal_vertical():
     )
 
     # creates an IfcAlignment with an IfcAlignmentHorizontal layout containing only the zero length segment
-    ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"A1",True)
+    ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "A1", True)
 
     # append a segment to the horizontal layout
     horizontal_alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(ali)
@@ -154,53 +154,53 @@ def _test_horizontal_vertical():
         GravityCenterLineHeight=None,
         PredefinedType="LINE",
     )
-    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,horizontal_alignment,design_parameters)
+    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, horizontal_alignment, design_parameters)
     basis_curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_basis_curve(ali)
     assert basis_curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
     assert len(basis_curve.Segments) == 2
-    
+
     design_parameters = file.createIfcAlignmentVerticalSegment(
         StartDistAlong=0.0,
         HorizontalLength=50.0,
         StartHeight=20.0,
-        StartGradient = 1./100.,
-        EndGradient = 1./100.,
-        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT"
-        )
-    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,vertical_alignment,design_parameters)
+        StartGradient=1.0 / 100.0,
+        EndGradient=1.0 / 100.0,
+        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT",
+    )
+    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, vertical_alignment, design_parameters)
 
     assert len(vertical_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 2
 
-    x = end[0,3]
-    y = end[1,3]
-    z = end[2,3]
-    
-    assert x == 50.
+    x = end[0, 3]
+    y = end[1, 3]
+    z = end[2, 3]
+
+    assert x == 50.0
     assert y == 20.5
     assert z == 0.0
 
-    dx = end[0,0]
-    dy = end[1,0]
-    gradient = dy/dx
+    dx = end[0, 0]
+    dy = end[1, 0]
+    gradient = dy / dx
 
     design_parameters = file.createIfcAlignmentVerticalSegment(
         StartDistAlong=50.0,
         HorizontalLength=50.0,
         StartHeight=y.item(),
-        StartGradient = -gradient,
-        EndGradient = -gradient,
-        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT"
-        )
-    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,vertical_alignment,design_parameters)
+        StartGradient=-gradient,
+        EndGradient=-gradient,
+        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT",
+    )
+    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, vertical_alignment, design_parameters)
 
     assert len(vertical_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
 
-    x = end[0,3]
-    y = end[1,3]
-    z = end[2,3]
-    
-    assert x == 100.
-    assert y == 20.
+    x = end[0, 3]
+    y = end[1, 3]
+    z = end[2, 3]
+
+    assert x == 100.0
+    assert y == 20.0
     assert z == 0.0
 
     basis_curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_basis_curve(ali)
@@ -216,60 +216,62 @@ def _test_horizontal_vertical2(file: ifcopenshell.file):
 
     vertical_alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_vertical_layout(ali)
     assert vertical_alignment == None
-    
-    vertical_alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.add_vertical_layout(file,ali)
+
+    vertical_alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.add_vertical_layout(file, ali)
 
     design_parameters = file.createIfcAlignmentVerticalSegment(
         StartDistAlong=0.0,
         HorizontalLength=50.0,
         StartHeight=20.0,
-        StartGradient = 1./100.,
-        EndGradient = 1./100.,
-        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT"
-        )
-    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,vertical_alignment,design_parameters)
+        StartGradient=1.0 / 100.0,
+        EndGradient=1.0 / 100.0,
+        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT",
+    )
+    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, vertical_alignment, design_parameters)
 
     assert len(vertical_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 2
 
-    x = end[0,3]
-    y = end[1,3]
-    z = end[2,3]
-    
-    assert x == 50.
+    x = end[0, 3]
+    y = end[1, 3]
+    z = end[2, 3]
+
+    assert x == 50.0
     assert y == 20.5
     assert z == 0.0
 
-    dx = end[0,0]
-    dy = end[1,0]
-    gradient = dy/dx
+    dx = end[0, 0]
+    dy = end[1, 0]
+    gradient = dy / dx
 
     design_parameters = file.createIfcAlignmentVerticalSegment(
         StartDistAlong=50.0,
         HorizontalLength=50.0,
         StartHeight=y.item(),
-        StartGradient = -gradient,
-        EndGradient = -gradient,
-        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT"
-        )
-    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,vertical_alignment,design_parameters)
+        StartGradient=-gradient,
+        EndGradient=-gradient,
+        PredefinedType="CONSTANTGRADIENT",
+    )
+    end = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, vertical_alignment, design_parameters)
 
     assert len(vertical_alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
 
-    x = end[0,3]
-    y = end[1,3]
-    z = end[2,3]
-    
-    assert x == 100.
-    assert y == 20.
+    x = end[0, 3]
+    y = end[1, 3]
+    z = end[2, 3]
+
+    assert x == 100.0
+    assert y == 20.0
     assert z == 0.0
 
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(ali)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcGradientCurve")
     assert len(curve.Segments) == 3
 
+
 def test_append_segment():
     file = _test_horizontal()
     _test_horizontal_vertical()
     _test_horizontal_vertical2(file)
 
-test_append_segment()
\ No newline at end of file
+
+test_append_segment()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_distance_along_from_station.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_distance_along_from_station.py
index 4232b406dc..28d2216a9f 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_distance_along_from_station.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_distance_along_from_station.py
@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ import pytest
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
+
 def test_distance_along_from_station():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file,name="foot")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file, name="foot")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ def test_distance_along_from_station():
     lengths = [(1600.0), (1200.0), (2000.0), (800.0)]
 
     alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_by_pi_method(
-        file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints, lengths,start_station=10000.0
+        file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints, lengths, start_station=10000.0
     )
 
     # Station 138+83.96
@@ -50,4 +51,4 @@ def test_distance_along_from_station():
     assert ifcopenshell.api.alignment.distance_along_from_station(file, alignment, 17525.36) == pytest.approx(7525.36)
 
 
-test_distance_along_from_station()
\ No newline at end of file
+test_distance_along_from_station()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_alignment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_alignment.py
index d7d1a68a23..ed9a1d2d33 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_alignment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_alignment.py
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 def test_get_alignment():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ def test_get_alignment():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    include_vertical = [False,True,True]
+    include_vertical = [False, True, True]
     include_cant = [False, False, True]
 
-    for i in range(0,3) :
-        ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"A1",include_vertical[i],include_cant[i])
+    for i in range(0, 3):
+        ali = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "A1", include_vertical[i], include_cant[i])
         assert ali != None
 
         horiz = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(ali)
@@ -49,6 +49,6 @@ def test_get_alignment():
         assert ali == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_alignment(horiz)
         if include_vertical[i]:
             assert ali == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_alignment(vert)
-        
+
         if include_cant[i]:
             assert ali == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_alignment(cant)
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_basis_curve.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_basis_curve.py
index 65fe9d6f62..8541212291 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_basis_curve.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_basis_curve.py
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 def _test_horizontal():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ def _test_horizontal():
 
 def _test_horizontal_and_vertical():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -55,17 +55,16 @@ def _test_horizontal_and_vertical():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(
-        file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True
-    )
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True)
     basis_curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_basis_curve(alignment)
     assert basis_curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
 
+
 def _test_horizontal_and_vertical_and_cant():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -75,12 +74,11 @@ def _test_horizontal_and_vertical_and_cant():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(
-        file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True,include_cant=True
-    )
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True, include_cant=True)
     basis_curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_basis_curve(alignment)
     assert basis_curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
 
+
 def test_get_basis_curve():
     _test_horizontal()
     _test_horizontal_and_vertical()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_curve.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_curve.py
index 478c0c4e38..e74de3458f 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_curve.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_curve.py
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@
 
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 
+
 def test_get_curve():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -32,14 +33,14 @@ def test_get_curve():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment",include_vertical=False,include_cant=False)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=False, include_cant=False)
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(alignment)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment",include_vertical=True,include_cant=False)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True, include_cant=False)
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(alignment)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcGradientCurve")
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment",include_vertical=True,include_cant=True)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True, include_cant=True)
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_curve(alignment)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcSegmentedReferenceCurve")
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_layout_curve.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_layout_curve.py
index 97d63a62ab..0c457988c1 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_layout_curve.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_get_layout_curve.py
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@
 
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 
+
 def test_get_layout_curve():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -32,12 +33,12 @@ def test_get_layout_curve():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment",include_vertical=False,include_cant=False)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=False, include_cant=False)
     layout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_layout_curve(layout)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment",include_vertical=True,include_cant=False)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True, include_cant=False)
     layout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_layout_curve(layout)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ def test_get_layout_curve():
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_layout_curve(layout)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcGradientCurve")
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment",include_vertical=True,include_cant=True)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True, include_cant=True)
     layout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
     curve = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_layout_curve(layout)
     assert curve.is_a("IfcCompositeCurve")
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_has_zero_length_segment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_has_zero_length_segment.py
index 51d8c86326..370101ad14 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_has_zero_length_segment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_has_zero_length_segment.py
@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment
 import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
+
 def _test_horizontal():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -34,15 +35,16 @@ def _test_horizontal():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"TestAlignment")
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment")
     horizontal = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
     assert True == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment(horizontal)
 
+
 def _test_horizontal_vertical():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -52,17 +54,18 @@ def _test_horizontal_vertical():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"TestAlignment",include_vertical=True)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True)
     horizontal = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
     assert True == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment(horizontal)
     vertical = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_vertical_layout(alignment)
     assert True == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment(vertical)
 
+
 def _test_horizontal_vertical_cant():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ def _test_horizontal_vertical_cant():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file,"TestAlignment",include_vertical=True,include_cant=True)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True, include_cant=True)
     horizontal = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
     assert True == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment(horizontal)
     vertical = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_vertical_layout(alignment)
@@ -80,10 +83,11 @@ def _test_horizontal_vertical_cant():
     cant = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_cant_layout(alignment)
     assert True == ifcopenshell.api.alignment.has_zero_length_segment(cant)
 
+
 def test_has_zero_length_segment():
     _test_horizontal()
     _test_horizontal_vertical()
     _test_horizontal_vertical_cant()
 
 
-test_has_zero_length_segment()
\ No newline at end of file
+test_has_zero_length_segment()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method.py
index abde22e606..61b1ba20ca 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method.py
@@ -20,14 +20,15 @@ import pytest
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
+
 # other test cases cover the typical vertical by PI method (test_create_alignment_by_pi_method)
 # this test will focus on the edge cases of no initial tangent run, no final tangent run, and
 # compound curve (no tangent between curves)
 def test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file,name="foot")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file, name="foot")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -50,6 +51,9 @@ def test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method():
     assert (
         len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy) == 1
     )  # nesting of segments beneath IfcAlignmentHorizontal
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3  # segments in horizontal layout
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
+    )  # segments in horizontal layout
 
-test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method()
\ No newline at end of file
+
+test_horizontal_layout_by_pi_method()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_cant_segment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_cant_segment.py
index 6caaf930f2..483e7b977c 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_cant_segment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_cant_segment.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 import ifcopenshell.api.context
 from ifcopenshell.api.alignment._map_alignment_cant_segment import _map_alignment_cant_segment
 
+
 def _BlossCurve_100_0_300_1000_1_Meter(file):
     design_parameters = file.createIfcAlignmentCantSegment(
         StartDistAlong=0.0,
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_horizontal_segment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_horizontal_segment.py
index c6e9e831c2..58c98980ba 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_horizontal_segment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_horizontal_segment.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import pytest
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 from ifcopenshell.api.alignment._map_alignment_horizontal_segment import __map_alignment_horizontal_segment
 
+
 def _BlossCurve_100_0_300_1000_1_Meter(file):
     design_parameters = file.createIfcAlignmentHorizontalSegment(
         StartPoint=file.createIfcCartesianPoint((0.0, 0.0)),
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_vertical_segment.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_vertical_segment.py
index ff2bcdbbc1..c7f4cb3348 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_vertical_segment.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_map_alignment_vertical_segment.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import pytest
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 from ifcopenshell.api.alignment._map_alignment_vertical_segment import _map_alignment_vertical_segment
 
+
 def _CircularArc_100_0_10_0_0_0_0_5_1_Meter(file):
     design_parameters = file.createIfcAlignmentVerticalSegment(
         StartDistAlong=0.0,
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_name_segments.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_name_segments.py
index c5461f80a4..0a95d0dfec 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_name_segments.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_name_segments.py
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 def test_name_segments():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_referent_names.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_referent_names.py
index d271dfb924..d48a82c697 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_referent_names.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_referent_names.py
@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@ def default_names_alignment():
     vpoints = [(0.0, 100.0), (2000.0, 135.0), (5000.0, 105.0), (7400.0, 153.0), (9800.0, 105.0), (12800.0, 90.0)]
     lengths = [(1600.0), (1200.0), (2000.0), (800.0)]
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_by_pi_method(file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints,
-                                                               lengths)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_by_pi_method(
+        file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints, lengths
+    )
     yield alignment
 
 
@@ -88,8 +89,9 @@ def callback_alignment():
     vpoints = [(0.0, 100.0), (2000.0, 135.0), (5000.0, 105.0), (7400.0, 153.0), (9800.0, 105.0), (12800.0, 90.0)]
     lengths = [(1600.0), (1200.0), (2000.0), (800.0)]
 
-    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_by_pi_method(file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints,
-                                                               lengths)
+    alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_by_pi_method(
+        file, "TestAlignment", coordinates, radii, vpoints, lengths
+    )
     yield alignment
 
 
@@ -108,6 +110,7 @@ def test_with_default_names(default_names_alignment):
     assert "P.V.T." in vlayout.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].Name
     assert "V.P.O.E." in vlayout.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[-1].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].Name
 
+
 def test_with_callbacks(callback_alignment):
     hlayout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(callback_alignment)
 
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_update_curve_segment_transition_code.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_update_curve_segment_transition_code.py
index 4d47d4aec7..778bf2d69c 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_update_curve_segment_transition_code.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_update_curve_segment_transition_code.py
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@
 # along with IfcOpenShell.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 import pytest
-from  ifcopenshell.api.alignment._update_curve_segment_transition_code import _update_curve_segment_transition_code
+from ifcopenshell.api.alignment._update_curve_segment_transition_code import _update_curve_segment_transition_code
 import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
 
 def _test1():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -223,18 +223,20 @@ def _test2():
         ),
     )
 
-    composite_curve = file.createIfcCompositeCurve(Segments=[line1,clothoid1,circular_arc,clothoid2,line2], SelfIntersect=False)
+    composite_curve = file.createIfcCompositeCurve(
+        Segments=[line1, clothoid1, circular_arc, clothoid2, line2], SelfIntersect=False
+    )
 
-    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(line1,clothoid1)
+    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(line1, clothoid1)
     assert line1.Transition == "CONTSAMEGRADIENTSAMECURVATURE"
 
-    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(clothoid1,circular_arc)
+    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(clothoid1, circular_arc)
     assert clothoid1.Transition == "CONTSAMEGRADIENTSAMECURVATURE"
 
-    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(circular_arc,clothoid2)
+    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(circular_arc, clothoid2)
     assert circular_arc.Transition == "CONTSAMEGRADIENTSAMECURVATURE"
 
-    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(clothoid2,line2)
+    _update_curve_segment_transition_code(clothoid2, line2)
     assert clothoid2.Transition == "CONTSAMEGRADIENTSAMECURVATURE"
 
 
@@ -242,4 +244,5 @@ def test_update_curve_segment_transition_code():
     _test1()
     _test2()
 
-test_update_curve_segment_transition_code()
\ No newline at end of file
+
+test_update_curve_segment_transition_code()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method.py
index 53bf39c212..65a5de4642 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/alignment/test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method.py
@@ -20,14 +20,15 @@ import pytest
 import ifcopenshell.api.alignment
 import ifcopenshell.api.context
 
+
 # other test cases cover the typical vertical by PI method (test_create_alignment_by_pi_method)
 # this test will focus on the edge cases of no initial gradient, no final gradient, and
 # compound vertical curve (no gradient between curves)
 def test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file,name="foot")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file, name="foot")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -37,35 +38,41 @@ def test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-
     alignment = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create(file, "TestAlignment", include_vertical=True)
     hlayout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_horizontal_layout(alignment)
     segment1 = file.createIfcAlignmentHorizontalSegment(
-        StartPoint=file.createIfcCartesianPoint(Coordinates=((0.,0.))), # Actual coordinate unknown
+        StartPoint=file.createIfcCartesianPoint(Coordinates=((0.0, 0.0))),  # Actual coordinate unknown
         StartDirection=0.0,
         StartRadiusOfCurvature=0.0,
         EndRadiusOfCurvature=0.0,
         SegmentLength=10000.0,
-        PredefinedType = "LINE"
+        PredefinedType="LINE",
     )
 
-    ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file,hlayout,segment1)
+    ifcopenshell.api.alignment.create_layout_segment(file, hlayout, segment1)
 
     vpoints = [(0.0, 110.0), (400.0, 100.0), (800.0, 115.0), (1300.0, 125.0), (1800.0, 105.0)]
     lengths = [(800.0), (0.0), (1000.0)]
     vlayout = ifcopenshell.api.alignment.get_vertical_layout(alignment)
-    ifcopenshell.api.alignment.layout_vertical_alignment_by_pi_method(file,vlayout,vpoints,lengths)
+    ifcopenshell.api.alignment.layout_vertical_alignment_by_pi_method(file, vlayout, vpoints, lengths)
 
     assert len(alignment.IsDecomposedBy) == 0  # no child alignments
     assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy) == 1  # one nest
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3  # nesting IfcReferent, IfcAlignmentHorizontal, IfcAlignmentVertical
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
+    )  # nesting IfcReferent, IfcAlignmentHorizontal, IfcAlignmentVertical
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[0].is_a("IfcReferent")
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].is_a("IfcAlignmentHorizontal")
     assert alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].is_a("IfcAlignmentVertical")
     assert (
         len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy) == 1
     )  # nesting of segments beneath IfcAlignmentHorizontal
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 2  # segments in horizontal layout
-    assert len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3 # segments in vertical layout
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[1].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 2
+    )  # segments in horizontal layout
+    assert (
+        len(alignment.IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects[2].IsNestedBy[0].RelatedObjects) == 3
+    )  # segments in vertical layout
 
-test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method()
\ No newline at end of file
+
+test_vertical_layout_by_pi_method()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_add_survey_point.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_add_survey_point.py
index f142f4318f..c5fe9e195c 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_add_survey_point.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_add_survey_point.py
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.cogo
 def test_add_survey_point():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
     project = file.createIfcProject(Name="Test")
-    site = file.createIfcSite(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="MySite")
-    ifcopenshell.api.aggregate.assign_object(file,relating_object=project,products=[site])
+    site = file.createIfcSite(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="MySite")
+    ifcopenshell.api.aggregate.assign_object(file, relating_object=project, products=[site])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -36,10 +36,9 @@ def test_add_survey_point():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    annotation = ifcopenshell.api.cogo.add_survey_point(file,file.createIfcCartesianPoint((50.0,10.0)))
+    annotation = ifcopenshell.api.cogo.add_survey_point(file, file.createIfcCartesianPoint((50.0, 10.0)))
     assert annotation
     assert annotation.PredefinedType == "SURVEY"
     assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].RepresentationIdentifier == "Annotation"
     assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].RepresentationType == "Point"
-    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((50.0,10.0))
-
+    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((50.0, 10.0))
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_assign_survey_point.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_assign_survey_point.py
index 83e7fd5fac..0f957eb98d 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_assign_survey_point.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_assign_survey_point.py
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.cogo
 def test_assign_survey_point():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
     project = file.createIfcProject(Name="Test")
-    site = file.createIfcSite(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="MySite")
-    ifcopenshell.api.aggregate.assign_object(file,relating_object=project,products=[site])
+    site = file.createIfcSite(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="MySite")
+    ifcopenshell.api.aggregate.assign_object(file, relating_object=project, products=[site])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -36,13 +36,12 @@ def test_assign_survey_point():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    annotation = ifcopenshell.api.cogo.add_survey_point(file,file.createIfcCartesianPoint((50.0,10.0)))
+    annotation = ifcopenshell.api.cogo.add_survey_point(file, file.createIfcCartesianPoint((50.0, 10.0)))
     assert annotation
     assert annotation.PredefinedType == "SURVEY"
     assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].RepresentationIdentifier == "Annotation"
     assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].RepresentationType == "Point"
-    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((50.0,10.0))
-
-    ifcopenshell.api.cogo.assign_survey_point(annotation,file.createIfcCartesianPoint((20.0,30.0,40.0)))
-    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((20.0,30.0,40.0))
+    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((50.0, 10.0))
 
+    ifcopenshell.api.cogo.assign_survey_point(annotation, file.createIfcCartesianPoint((20.0, 30.0, 40.0)))
+    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((20.0, 30.0, 40.0))
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_bearing2dd.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_bearing2dd.py
index 41a23c2779..657c0a65a8 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_bearing2dd.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_bearing2dd.py
@@ -35,39 +35,39 @@ def test_bearing2dd():
     assert 0.0 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 90 E"))
     assert 0.0 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("S 90 E"))
 
-    assert 180. == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 90 W"))
-    assert 180. == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("S 90 W"))
-    
-    assert 120. == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 30 W"))
+    assert 180.0 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 90 W"))
+    assert 180.0 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("S 90 W"))
+
+    assert 120.0 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 30 W"))
     assert 120.16666666666667 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 30 10 W"))
 
     assert 89.999722222222228 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 00 00 1 E"))
     assert 89.99972222222222 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 0 0 1 E"))
     assert 89.99972222222222 == pytest.approx(ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 00 00 1.0 E"))
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("Bad String")
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("Very Bad String")
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 100 15 22.5 E")
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N -45 15 22.5 E")
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 45 -15 22.5 E")
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 45 88 22.5 E")
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 45 15 -22.5 E")
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError,match="Invalid bearing string"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid bearing string"):
         ifcopenshell.api.cogo.bearing2dd("N 45 15 99.5 E")
 
-test_bearing2dd()
 
+test_bearing2dd()
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_edit_survey_point.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_edit_survey_point.py
index 59426acae7..5a8b1b3a75 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_edit_survey_point.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/api/cogo/test_edit_survey_point.py
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.cogo
 def test_edit_survey_point():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
     project = file.createIfcProject(Name="Test")
-    site = file.createIfcSite(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="MySite")
-    ifcopenshell.api.aggregate.assign_object(file,relating_object=project,products=[site])
+    site = file.createIfcSite(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="MySite")
+    ifcopenshell.api.aggregate.assign_object(file, relating_object=project, products=[site])
     geometric_representation_context = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(file, context_type="Model")
     axis_model_representation_subcontext = ifcopenshell.api.context.add_context(
         file,
@@ -36,13 +36,12 @@ def test_edit_survey_point():
         parent=geometric_representation_context,
     )
 
-    annotation = ifcopenshell.api.cogo.add_survey_point(file,file.createIfcCartesianPoint((50.0,10.0)))
+    annotation = ifcopenshell.api.cogo.add_survey_point(file, file.createIfcCartesianPoint((50.0, 10.0)))
     assert annotation
     assert annotation.PredefinedType == "SURVEY"
     assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].RepresentationIdentifier == "Annotation"
     assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].RepresentationType == "Point"
-    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((50.0,10.0))
-
-    ifcopenshell.api.cogo.edit_survey_point(annotation,20.0,30.0)
-    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((20.0,30.0))
+    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((50.0, 10.0))
 
+    ifcopenshell.api.cogo.edit_survey_point(annotation, 20.0, 30.0)
+    assert annotation.Representation.Representations[0].Items[0].Coordinates == pytest.approx((20.0, 30.0))
diff --git a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/util/test_stationing.py b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/util/test_stationing.py
index 0cc6a9d27f..931db5d33b 100644
--- a/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/util/test_stationing.py
+++ b/src/ifcopenshell-python/test/util/test_stationing.py
@@ -19,57 +19,60 @@
 import ifcopenshell
 import ifcopenshell.util.stationing as sta
 
+
 def _test_si_stations():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file,unit_type="LENGTHUNIT") # meter
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
-    
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,0.0)
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_si_unit(file, unit_type="LENGTHUNIT")  # meter
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
+
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 0.0)
     assert s == "0+000.000"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,100.00)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 100.00)
     assert s == "0+100.000"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,-100.00)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, -100.00)
     assert s == "-0+100.000"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,123456.789)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 123456.789)
     assert s == "123+456.789"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,-123456.789)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, -123456.789)
     assert s == "-123+456.789"
 
+
 def _test_si_stations_millimeter():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
     ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file)
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,100.00)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 100.00)
     assert s == "0+000.100"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,1000.00)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 1000.00)
     assert s == "0+001.000"
 
+
 def _test_us_stations():
     file = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4X3_ADD2")
-    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(),Name="Test")
-    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file,name="foot")
-    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file,units=[length])
-    
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,0.0)
+    project = file.createIfcProject(GlobalId=ifcopenshell.guid.new(), Name="Test")
+    length = ifcopenshell.api.unit.add_conversion_based_unit(file, name="foot")
+    ifcopenshell.api.unit.assign_unit(file, units=[length])
+
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 0.0)
     assert s == "0+00.00"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,100.00)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 100.00)
     assert s == "1+00.00"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,-100.00)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, -100.00)
     assert s == "-1+00.00"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,123456.789)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, 123456.789)
     assert s == "1234+56.79"
 
-    s = sta.station_as_string(file,-123456.789)
+    s = sta.station_as_string(file, -123456.789)
     assert s == "-1234+56.79"
 
 
@@ -79,4 +82,4 @@ def test_station_as_string():
     _test_us_stations()
 
 
-test_station_as_string()
\ No newline at end of file
+test_station_as_string()