Fix #4786. Speed up parent filter.

src/ifcopenshell-python/docs/ifcopenshell-python/selector_syntax.rst

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ elements in your filter group based on their criteria.
     "Material", "Filter", "``material{{=}}{{value}}``", "``material=Foo`` specifies the criteria that elements must have a IfcMaterial assigned directly or indirectly (such as within a layer set). That IfcMaterial must have either a ``Name`` or ``Category`` attribute with a value of ``Foo``."
     "Classification", "Filter", "``classification{{=}}{{value}}``", "``classification=Foo`` specifies the criteria that elements must have an IfcClassificationReference with an ``Identification`` attribute with a value of ``Foo``."
     "Location", "Filter", "``location{{=}}{{value}}``", "``location=Foo`` specifies the criteria that elements must be contained directly or indirectly in a spatial element with a ``Name`` attribute with a value of ``Foo``."
+    "Parent", "Filter", "``parent{{=}}{{value}}``", "``parent=Foo`` specifies the criteria that elements must be a direct or indirect child in the spatial hierarchy to an element with a ``Name`` attribute with a value of ``Foo``."
     "Query", "Filter", "``query:{{keys}}{{=}}{{value}}``", "``query:types.count=0`` specifies the criteria that elements must have zero type occurrences. The query keys corresponds to the syntax used in the `Getting element values`_ section"
 
 When you specify a filter with a ``{{=}}`` check, you can choose from one of
@@ -183,6 +184,7 @@ Valid keys are:
     "``storey``", "Gets the first IfcBuildingStorey spatial element that an element is contained in."
     "``building``", "Gets the first IfcBuilding spatial element that an element is contained in."
     "``site``", "Gets the first IccSite spatial element that an element is contained in."
+    "``parent``", "Gets the parent element in the spatial hierarchy."
     "``material`` or ``mat``", "Gets the assigned material, which may be a material set."
     "``item`` or ``i``", "If the previous key returns a material set, gets the relevant material set items"
     "``materials`` or ``mats``", "Gets a list of IfcMaterials assigned directly or indirectly (such as via a material set) to the element"

src/ifcopenshell-python/ifcopenshell/util/selector.py

@@ -687,21 +687,45 @@ class FacetTransformer(lark.Transformer):
     def parent(self, args):
         comparison, value = args
 
-        def filter_function(element):
-            parents = []
-            result = False
-            if parent := ifcopenshell.util.element.get_parent(element):
-                parents.append(parent)
-            while parents:
-                parent = parents.pop()
-                if self.compare(parent.Name, comparison, value):
-                    result = True
-                    break
-                if grandparent := ifcopenshell.util.element.get_parent(parent):
-                    parents.append(grandparent)
-            return result if comparison == "=" else not result
+        parents = set()
+        for rel in self.file.by_type("IfcRelAggregates"):
+            parent = rel.RelatingObject
+            if parent and self.compare(parent.Name, comparison, value):
+                parents.add(parent)
 
-        self.elements = set(filter(filter_function, self.elements))
+        for rel in self.file.by_type("IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure"):
+            parent = rel.RelatingStructure
+            if parent and self.compare(parent.Name, comparison, value):
+                parents.add(parent)
+
+        for rel in self.file.by_type("IfcRelNests"):
+            parent = rel.RelatingObject
+            if parent and self.compare(parent.Name, comparison, value):
+                parents.add(parent)
+
+        for rel in self.file.by_type("IfcRelVoidsElement"):
+            parent = rel.RelatingBuildingElement
+            if parent and self.compare(parent.Name, comparison, value):
+                parents.add(parent)
+
+        for rel in self.file.by_type("IfcRelVoidsElement"):
+            parent = rel.RelatingBuildingElement
+            if parent and self.compare(parent.Name, comparison, value):
+                parents.add(parent)
+
+        for rel in self.file.by_type("IfcRelFillsElement"):
+            parent = rel.RelatingOpeningElement
+            if parent and self.compare(parent.Name, comparison, value):
+                parents.add(parent)
+
+        children = set()
+        for parent in parents:
+            children |= set(ifcopenshell.util.element.get_decomposition(parent))
+
+        if comparison == "=":
+            self.elements = self.elements & children
+        else:
+            self.elements -= children
 
     def query(self, args):
         keys, comparison, value = args