Fix stale object reference crash in measure tool snapping

Drop deleted Blender objects from the snap cache before comparing
names. Accessing an attribute on a removed object raised
ReferenceError ("StructRNA of type Object has been removed"),
crashing detect_snapping_points after an object was deleted.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.github/workflows/ci-ifcwrap-standalone.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+name: ci-ifcwrap-standalone
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/ci-ifcwrap-standalone.yml"
+      - "cmake/**"
+      - "src/ifcwrap/**"
+      - "src/ifcparse/**"
+      - "src/ifcgeom/**"
+      - "src/serializers/**"
+      - "src/ifcconvert/**"
+      - "src/ifcopenshell-python/**"
+      - "src/svgfill/**"
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/ci-ifcwrap-standalone.yml"
+      - "cmake/**"
+      - "src/ifcwrap/**"
+      - "src/ifcparse/**"
+      - "src/ifcgeom/**"
+      - "src/serializers/**"
+      - "src/ifcconvert/**"
+      - "src/ifcopenshell-python/**"
+      - "src/svgfill/**"
+
+env:
+  IFCOPENSHELL_PREFIX: ${{ github.workspace }}/ifcopenshell-install
+
+jobs:
+  build-ifcopenshell:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+
+      - name: Install C++ dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
+            cmake \
+            gcc \
+            g++ \
+            libboost-date-time-dev \
+            libboost-filesystem-dev \
+            libboost-iostreams-dev \
+            libboost-program-options-dev \
+            libboost-regex-dev \
+            libboost-system-dev \
+            libboost-thread-dev \
+            libeigen3-dev \
+            libocct-data-exchange-dev \
+            libocct-draw-dev \
+            libocct-foundation-dev \
+            libocct-modeling-algorithms-dev \
+            libocct-modeling-data-dev \
+            libocct-ocaf-dev \
+            libocct-visualization-dev \
+            libpcre3-dev \
+            libtbb-dev \
+            libxml2-dev \
+            libxi-dev \
+            occt-misc \
+            tcl-dev \
+            tk-dev \
+            swig
+
+      - name: Configure minimal IfcOpenShell
+        run: |
+          cmake -S cmake -B build-ifcopenshell \
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+            -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="${IFCOPENSHELL_PREFIX}" \
+            -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr \
+            -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH=/usr \
+            -DMINIMAL_BUILD=ON \
+            -DBUILD_IFCPYTHON=OFF \
+            "-DSCHEMA_VERSIONS=4x3_add2"
+
+      - name: Build and install minimal IfcOpenShell
+        run: |
+          cmake --build build-ifcopenshell --target install -j "$(nproc)"
+
+      - name: Set up Python 3.11
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.11
+
+      - name: Install Python import dependencies
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          python -m pip install numpy typing_extensions
+
+      - name: Configure standalone IfcPython
+        run: |
+          PYTHON_EXECUTABLE="$(python -c 'import sys; print(sys.executable)')"
+          PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR="$(python -c 'import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.get_path("include"))')"
+
+          cmake -S src/ifcwrap -B "build-ifcwrap-311" \
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+            -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${IFCOPENSHELL_PREFIX};/usr" \
+            -DPython_EXECUTABLE:FILEPATH="${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE}" \
+            -DPython_INCLUDE_DIR:PATH="${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR}" \
+            -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE:FILEPATH="${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE}" \
+            -DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR:PATH="${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Build and install standalone IfcPython
+        run: |
+          cmake --build "build-ifcwrap-311" --target install -j "$(nproc)"
+
+      - name: Import installed IfcPython
+        run: |
+          PYTHONPATH="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ifcopenshell-python" python - <<'PY'
+          import ifcopenshell
+
+          print("IfcOpenShell import ok:", ifcopenshell.version)
+          PY
+
+      - name: Set up Python 3.12
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.12
+
+      - name: Install Python import dependencies
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          python -m pip install numpy typing_extensions
+
+      - name: Configure standalone IfcPython
+        run: |
+          PYTHON_EXECUTABLE="$(python -c 'import sys; print(sys.executable)')"
+          PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR="$(python -c 'import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.get_path("include"))')"
+
+          cmake -S src/ifcwrap -B "build-ifcwrap-312" \
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+            -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${IFCOPENSHELL_PREFIX};/usr" \
+            -DPython_EXECUTABLE:FILEPATH="${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE}" \
+            -DPython_INCLUDE_DIR:PATH="${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR}" \
+            -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE:FILEPATH="${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE}" \
+            -DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR:PATH="${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Build and install standalone IfcPython
+        run: |
+          cmake --build "build-ifcwrap-312" --target install -j "$(nproc)"
+
+      - name: Import installed IfcPython
+        run: |
+          PYTHONPATH="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ifcopenshell-python" python - <<'PY'
+          import ifcopenshell
+
+          print("IfcOpenShell import ok:", ifcopenshell.version)
+          PY

cmake/FindIfcOpenShell.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+################################################################################
+#                                                                              #
+# This file is part of IfcOpenShell.                                           #
+#                                                                              #
+# IfcOpenShell is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify         #
+# it under the terms of the Lesser GNU General Public License as published by  #
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3.0 of the License, or          #
+# (at your option) any later version.                                          #
+#                                                                              #
+# IfcOpenShell is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,              #
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of               #
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the                 #
+# Lesser GNU General Public License for more details.                          #
+#                                                                              #
+# You should have received a copy of the Lesser GNU General Public License     #
+# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.         #
+#                                                                              #
+################################################################################
+
+include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/utilities.cmake" OPTIONAL)
+
+set(_IfcOpenShell_find_args)
+if(IfcOpenShell_FIND_VERSION)
+    list(APPEND _IfcOpenShell_find_args "${IfcOpenShell_FIND_VERSION}")
+    if(IfcOpenShell_FIND_VERSION_EXACT)
+        list(APPEND _IfcOpenShell_find_args EXACT)
+    endif()
+endif()
+list(APPEND _IfcOpenShell_find_args CONFIG QUIET)
+if(IfcOpenShell_FIND_COMPONENTS)
+    list(APPEND _IfcOpenShell_find_args COMPONENTS ${IfcOpenShell_FIND_COMPONENTS})
+endif()
+
+set(_IfcOpenShell_saved_module_path "${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}")
+list(REMOVE_ITEM CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}")
+find_package(IfcOpenShell ${_IfcOpenShell_find_args})
+set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${_IfcOpenShell_saved_module_path}")
+
+if(NOT IfcOpenShell_FOUND)
+    set(_IfcOpenShell_error "Could not find an IfcOpenShell CMake config package. Set IfcOpenShell_DIR or CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH.")
+    if(IfcOpenShell_FIND_REQUIRED)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "${_IfcOpenShell_error}")
+    elseif(NOT IfcOpenShell_FIND_QUIETLY)
+        message(STATUS "${_IfcOpenShell_error}")
+    endif()
+    return()
+endif()
+
+set(_IfcOpenShell_required_targets IfcOpenShell::IfcParse IfcOpenShell::IfcGeom)
+set(_IfcOpenShell_missing_targets "")
+foreach(_IfcOpenShell_target IN LISTS _IfcOpenShell_required_targets)
+    if(NOT TARGET ${_IfcOpenShell_target})
+        list(APPEND _IfcOpenShell_missing_targets ${_IfcOpenShell_target})
+    endif()
+endforeach()
+
+if(_IfcOpenShell_missing_targets)
+    set(IfcOpenShell_FOUND FALSE)
+    string(REPLACE ";" ", " _IfcOpenShell_missing_targets_text "${_IfcOpenShell_missing_targets}")
+    set(_IfcOpenShell_error "IfcOpenShell config was found, but required targets are missing: ${_IfcOpenShell_missing_targets_text}.")
+    if(IfcOpenShell_FIND_REQUIRED)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "${_IfcOpenShell_error}")
+    elseif(NOT IfcOpenShell_FIND_QUIETLY)
+        message(STATUS "${_IfcOpenShell_error}")
+    endif()
+    return()
+endif()
+
+if(NOT DEFINED IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_OPENCASCADE)
+    set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_OPENCASCADE OFF)
+    if(TARGET IfcOpenShell::geometry_kernel_opencascade)
+        set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_OPENCASCADE ON)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if(NOT DEFINED IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_CGAL)
+    set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_CGAL OFF)
+    if(TARGET IfcOpenShell::IFCOPENSHELL_CGAL)
+        set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_CGAL ON)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if(NOT DEFINED IFCOPENSHELL_IFCXML)
+    set(IFCOPENSHELL_IFCXML OFF)
+endif()
+
+if(NOT DEFINED IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_ROCKSDB)
+    set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_ROCKSDB OFF)
+endif()
+
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_LIBRARIES IfcOpenShell::IfcParse)
+foreach(_IfcOpenShell_target IN ITEMS IfcOpenShell::geometry_serializer IfcOpenShell::Serializers)
+    if(TARGET ${_IfcOpenShell_target})
+        list(APPEND IFCOPENSHELL_LIBRARIES ${_IfcOpenShell_target})
+    endif()
+endforeach()
+
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_KERNEL_LIBRARIES "")
+foreach(_IfcOpenShell_target IN ITEMS
+    IfcOpenShell::geometry_kernel_opencascade
+    IfcOpenShell::geometry_kernel_cgal
+    IfcOpenShell::geometry_kernel_cgal_simple
+)
+    if(TARGET ${_IfcOpenShell_target})
+        list(APPEND IFCOPENSHELL_KERNEL_LIBRARIES ${_IfcOpenShell_target})
+    endif()
+endforeach()
+
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_GEOMETRY_LIBRARIES IfcOpenShell::IfcGeom ${IFCOPENSHELL_KERNEL_LIBRARIES})
+
+if(TARGET IfcOpenShell::OpenCASCADE_INTERFACE)
+    set(OpenCASCADE_LIBRARIES IfcOpenShell::OpenCASCADE_INTERFACE)
+endif()
+
+if(TARGET IfcOpenShell::IFCOPENSHELL_CGAL)
+    set(CGAL_LIBRARIES IfcOpenShell::IFCOPENSHELL_CGAL)
+endif()
+
+if(TARGET IfcOpenShell::svgfill)
+    set(IFCOPENSHELL_SVGFILL_LIBRARY IfcOpenShell::svgfill)
+endif()
+
+mark_as_advanced(IfcOpenShell_DIR)
+
+unset(_IfcOpenShell_error)
+unset(_IfcOpenShell_find_args)
+unset(_IfcOpenShell_missing_targets)
+unset(_IfcOpenShell_missing_targets_text)
+unset(_IfcOpenShell_required_targets)
+unset(_IfcOpenShell_target)

cmake/IfcOpenShellConfig.cmake.in

@@ -7,12 +7,26 @@ set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_OPENCASCADE @WITH_OPENCASCADE@)
 set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_CGAL @WITH_CGAL@)
 set(IFCOPENSHELL_IFCXML @IFCXML_SUPPORT@)
 set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_ROCKSDB @WITH_ROCKSDB@)
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_COLLADA_SUPPORT @COLLADA_SUPPORT@)
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_GLTF_SUPPORT @GLTF_SUPPORT@)
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_HDF5_SUPPORT @HDF5_SUPPORT@)
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_PROJ @WITH_PROJ@)
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_USD_SUPPORT @USD_SUPPORT@)
 
 include(CMakeFindDependencyMacro)
 
-set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
-set(Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME OFF)
-set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_STATIC_LIBS "@Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS@")
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME "@Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME@")
+set(IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_MULTITHREADED "@Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED@")
+if(NOT "${IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_STATIC_LIBS}" STREQUAL "")
+    set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ${IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_STATIC_LIBS})
+endif()
+if(NOT "${IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME}" STREQUAL "")
+    set(Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME ${IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME})
+endif()
+if(NOT "${IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_MULTITHREADED}" STREQUAL "")
+    set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ${IFCOPENSHELL_BOOST_USE_MULTITHREADED})
+endif()
 set(Boost_COMPONENTS
     system
     program_options
@@ -43,13 +57,33 @@ if(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_ROCKSDB)
 endif()
 
 if(IFCOPENSHELL_IFCXML)
-    find_dependency(LibXml2 CONFIG)
+    find_dependency(LibXml2)
 endif()
 
 if(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_CGAL)
     find_dependency(CGAL CONFIG)
 endif()
 
+if(IFCOPENSHELL_COLLADA_SUPPORT)
+    find_dependency(OpenCOLLADA)
+endif()
+
+if(IFCOPENSHELL_GLTF_SUPPORT)
+    find_dependency(nlohmann_json CONFIG)
+endif()
+
+if(IFCOPENSHELL_HDF5_SUPPORT)
+    find_dependency(HDF5 COMPONENTS C CXX)
+endif()
+
+if(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_PROJ)
+    find_dependency(PROJ)
+endif()
+
+if(IFCOPENSHELL_USD_SUPPORT)
+    find_dependency(USD)
+endif()
+
 if(IFCOPENSHELL_WITH_OPENCASCADE)
     find_dependency(OpenCASCADE CONFIG)
     if(OpenCASCADE_VERSION VERSION_LESS "7.7.0")

src/bonsai/Makefile

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ endif
 endif # def PLATFORM
 
 # Current build commit hash.
-OLD:=1c5b825
+OLD:=3e7b739
 .PHONY: bump
 bump:
 ifndef NEW

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/__init__.py

@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ modules = {
     "web": None,
     "light": None,
     "alignment": None,
+    "clip_box": None,
     # Uncomment this line to enable loading of the demo module. Happy hacking!
     # The name "demo" must correlate to a folder name in `bim/module/`.
     # "demo": None,

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/handler.py

@@ -47,10 +47,15 @@ from bonsai.bim.module.model.array import (
 )
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.data import AuthoringData
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import (
+    BendPreviewDecorator,
     BoundingBoxDecorator,
+    DoorSwingReadonlyDecorator,
+    MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator,
+    MEPSystemPathDecorator,
     SlabDirectionDecorator,
     WallAxisDecorator,
     WallFilletPreviewDecorator,
+    WallSystemPathDecorator,
 )
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import WallGizmoPreviewDecorator
 from bonsai.bim.module.nest.decorator import NestDecorator
@@ -510,8 +515,13 @@ def _install_viewport_overlays() -> None:
     NestDecorator.uninstall()
     WallAxisDecorator.uninstall()
     SlabDirectionDecorator.uninstall()
+    MEPSystemPathDecorator.uninstall()
+    WallSystemPathDecorator.uninstall()
     WallFilletPreviewDecorator.uninstall()
+    BendPreviewDecorator.uninstall()
+    MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator.uninstall()
     WallGizmoPreviewDecorator.uninstall()
+    DoorSwingReadonlyDecorator.uninstall()
     ArrayPreviewDecorator.uninstall()
     ArraySelectionHighlightDecorator.uninstall()
     uninstall_decorator_cache_handlers()
@@ -526,16 +536,28 @@ def _install_viewport_overlays() -> None:
             WallAxisDecorator.install(bpy.context)
         if model_props.show_slab_direction:
             SlabDirectionDecorator.install(bpy.context)
+        if model_props.show_paths:
+            MEPSystemPathDecorator.install(bpy.context)
+            WallSystemPathDecorator.install(bpy.context)
         if model_props.show_bounding_box:
             BoundingBoxDecorator.install(bpy.context)
         # Always-installed: draw() self-polls on Scene.BIMPreviewProperties.
         # wall_fillet.is_active, so installation has no cost when no preview
         # is open. No corresponding addon-preference toggle.
         WallFilletPreviewDecorator.install(bpy.context)
+        # Always-installed siblings of WallFilletPreviewDecorator: each
+        # self-polls on its own scene.BIMPreviewProperties subgroup or on
+        # selection + hover gizmo state — zero cost when nothing is active.
+        BendPreviewDecorator.install(bpy.context)
+        MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator.install(bpy.context)
         # Always-installed: draw_lines() self-polls on selection + hover state
         # for join / extend-to-wall / cursor-extend / cursor-split previews.
         # Free when no preview-eligible state is active.
         WallGizmoPreviewDecorator.install(bpy.context)
+        # Always-installed: draw() self-polls on active object + IfcDoor +
+        # parametric pset, so the cost is one bpy/IFC lookup per redraw when
+        # nothing eligible is selected.
+        DoorSwingReadonlyDecorator.install(bpy.context)
         # Always-installed: draw() self-polls on the active object's array
         # family membership, so installation has no cost when no array
         # element is selected.

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/ifc.py

@@ -566,6 +566,19 @@ class IfcStore:
                 result = getattr(operator, "_modal")(context, event)
         except:
             bonsai.last_error = traceback.format_exc()
+            # An operator that mutated IFC then raised leaves the IFC graph captured
+            # by the transaction but the Blender side stale. Blender does not push an
+            # undo step for a raised operator (mirror of the CANCELLED-modal gap
+            # handled below), so we push one here so Ctrl+Z actually rewinds the
+            # partial mutation, then surface the recovery path to the user.
+            ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+            if ifc_file and ifc_file.transaction and ifc_file.transaction.operations:
+                bpy.ops.ed.undo_push(message=f"Recover {operator.bl_idname}")
+                operator.report(
+                    {"WARNING"},
+                    "Operation partially completed (IFC changed, Blender state may be stale). "
+                    "Press Ctrl+Z to restore the previous state.",
+                )
             # Try to ensure undo will work since Blender undo does work in case of errors.
             # As error come unexpectedly, it's important that user might have a chance to save the file
             # before they got the error and not to lose the work they've done.

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/import_ifc.py

@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ class IfcImporter:
         self.elements: set[ifcopenshell.entity_instance] = set()
         self.annotations: set[ifcopenshell.entity_instance] = set()
         self.gross_elements: set[ifcopenshell.entity_instance] = set()
+        self.broken_arrays: set[ifcopenshell.entity_instance] = set()
         self.element_types: set[ifcopenshell.entity_instance] = set()
         self.spatial_elements: set[ifcopenshell.entity_instance] = set()
         self.meshes: dict[str, OBJECT_DATA_TYPE] = {}
@@ -1220,7 +1221,17 @@ class IfcImporter:
                             continue
                     for i in range(len(data)):
                         tool.Array.set_children_lock_state(element, i, True)
-                        tool.Array.constrain_children_to_parent(element)
+                    tool.Array.constrain_children_to_parent(element)
+                    for layer in data:
+                        for child_guid in layer.get("children", ()):
+                            try:
+                                self.file.by_guid(child_guid)
+                            except RuntimeError:
+                                print(
+                                    f"setup_arrays: array parent {element.GlobalId} references missing "
+                                    f"child GUID {child_guid!r}."
+                                )
+                                self.broken_arrays.add(element)
 
     def update_linked_aggregates(self):
         # TODO Remove this after a while. See commit 17d6b8a

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/cad/operator.py

@@ -345,9 +345,17 @@ class CadArcFrom3Points(bpy.types.Operator):
 class CadOffset(bpy.types.Operator):
     bl_idname = "bim.cad_offset"
     bl_label = "CAD Offset"
-    bl_description = "Copy selected mesh geometry at provided offset. Mesh copied based on the current viewport angle."
+    bl_description = (
+        "Offset selected mesh geometry at provided distance, based on the current viewport angle. "
+        "Creates a copy by default, or moves the existing edges if Copy is disabled."
+    )
     bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
     distance: bpy.props.FloatProperty(name="Distance", default=0.1, subtype="DISTANCE")
+    copy: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Copy",
+        description="Create a new offset copy of the geometry. If disabled, move the existing edges to the offset location",
+        default=True,
+    )
 
     @classmethod
     def poll(cls, context):
@@ -405,6 +413,11 @@ class CadOffset(bpy.types.Operator):
         rotation = Matrix.Rotation(pi / 2, 2, "Z")
         rotation_i = Matrix.Rotation(-pi / 2, 2, "Z")
 
+        # When not copying, the offset positions are gathered here and applied to
+        # the existing verts only after all loops are processed, so that the
+        # original coordinates are still available while computing offsets.
+        moved_verts = []
+
         # Create loops from edges
         loop_edges = set(edges)
         loops = []
@@ -517,12 +530,15 @@ class CadOffset(bpy.types.Operator):
                     offset_length = self.distance / sqrt((1 + normals[0].dot(normals[1])) / 2)
                     offset = mw.inverted().to_quaternion() @ (wp.to_quaternion() @ (new_normal * offset_length).to_3d())
                     new_vert = v1.co + offset
-                    new_verts.append(bm.verts.new(new_vert))
                 else:
                     normal = (normals[0] * self.distance).to_3d()
                     offset = mw.inverted().to_quaternion() @ (wp.to_quaternion() @ normal)
                     new_vert = v1.co + offset
+
+                if self.copy:
                     new_verts.append(bm.verts.new(new_vert))
+                else:
+                    moved_verts.append((v1, new_vert))
 
                 processed_verts.add(v1.index)
 
@@ -531,9 +547,14 @@ class CadOffset(bpy.types.Operator):
 
                 v1 = v2
 
-            [bm.edges.new((new_verts[i], new_verts[i + 1])) for i in range(len(new_verts) - 1)]
-            if is_closed:
-                bm.edges.new((new_verts[len(new_verts) - 1], new_verts[0]))
+            if self.copy:
+                [bm.edges.new((new_verts[i], new_verts[i + 1])) for i in range(len(new_verts) - 1)]
+                if is_closed:
+                    bm.edges.new((new_verts[len(new_verts) - 1], new_verts[0]))
+
+        # Move the existing edges to the offset location.
+        for vert, new_co in moved_verts:
+            vert.co = new_co
 
         bm.verts.index_update()
         bm.edges.index_update()

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/cad/prop.py

@@ -27,6 +27,11 @@ class BIMCadProperties(PropertyGroup):
     resolution: bpy.props.IntProperty(name="Arc Resolution", min=1, default=1)
     radius: bpy.props.FloatProperty(name="Radius", default=0.1, subtype="DISTANCE")
     distance: bpy.props.FloatProperty(name="Distance", default=0.1, subtype="DISTANCE")
+    copy: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Copy",
+        description="Create a new offset copy of the geometry. If disabled, move the existing edges to the offset location",
+        default=True,
+    )
     x: bpy.props.FloatProperty(name="X", default=0.2, subtype="DISTANCE")
     y: bpy.props.FloatProperty(name="Y", default=0.1, subtype="DISTANCE")
     gable_roof_edge_angle: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
@@ -37,6 +42,7 @@ class BIMCadProperties(PropertyGroup):
         resolution: int
         radius: float
         distance: float
+        copy: bool
         x: float
         y: float
         gable_roof_edge_angle: float

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/cad/workspace.py

@@ -256,6 +256,8 @@ class CadHotkey(bpy.types.Operator):
         elif self.hotkey == "S_O":
             row = self.layout.row()
             row.prop(props, "distance")
+            row = self.layout.row()
+            row.prop(props, "copy")
 
         elif self.hotkey == "S_R":
             if tool.Geometry.is_profile_object_active():
@@ -291,7 +293,7 @@ class CadHotkey(bpy.types.Operator):
             bpy.ops.bim.cad_fillet(resolution=self.props.resolution, radius=self.props.radius)
 
     def hotkey_S_O(self):
-        bpy.ops.bim.cad_offset(distance=self.props.distance)
+        bpy.ops.bim.cad_offset(distance=self.props.distance, copy=self.props.copy)
 
     def hotkey_S_Q(self):
         obj = bpy.context.active_object

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/clip_box/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+import bpy
+from bpy.app.handlers import persistent
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+from . import face_quad, gizmos, operator, prop, ui
+
+classes = (
+    operator.BIM_OT_add_clip_box,
+    operator.BIM_OT_add_clip_box_for_source,
+    operator.BIM_OT_align_view_to_clip_face,
+    operator.BIM_OT_duplicate_clip_box,
+    operator.BIM_OT_remove_clip_box,
+    operator.BIM_OT_set_active_clip_box,
+    operator.BIM_OT_toggle_clip_box_enabled,
+    prop.BIMClipBoxProperties,
+    prop.BIMSceneClipBoxProperties,
+    face_quad.BIM_GT_box_face_quad,
+    face_quad.BIM_GT_box_face_outline,
+    gizmos.OBJECT_GGT_bim_clip_box,
+    ui.BIM_MT_clip_box_add_for_source,
+    ui.BIM_MT_clip_box_info,
+    ui.BIM_MT_clip_box_settings,
+    ui.BIM_UL_clip_box,
+    ui.BIM_PT_clip_box,
+)
+
+
+@persistent
+def _on_depsgraph_update(scene, depsgraph):
+    tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update(scene, depsgraph)
+    tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update_caps(scene, depsgraph)
+
+
+@persistent
+def _on_load_post(filepath):
+    # Restore the per-scene clip-box list from the project's BBIM_ClipBoxes
+    # pset. Runs after the standard load_post that creates Blender objects.
+    tool.ClipBox._last_seen_object_matrices.clear()
+    tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+
+
+_draw_handler_pre = None
+_draw_handler_post = None
+
+
+def register():
+    global _draw_handler_pre, _draw_handler_post
+    bpy.types.Object.BIMClipBoxProperties = bpy.props.PointerProperty(type=prop.BIMClipBoxProperties)
+    bpy.types.Scene.BIMSceneClipBoxProperties = bpy.props.PointerProperty(type=prop.BIMSceneClipBoxProperties)
+    tool.ClipBox.reset_ownership()
+    if _on_depsgraph_update not in bpy.app.handlers.depsgraph_update_post:
+        bpy.app.handlers.depsgraph_update_post.append(_on_depsgraph_update)
+    if _on_load_post not in bpy.app.handlers.load_post:
+        bpy.app.handlers.load_post.append(_on_load_post)
+    if _draw_handler_pre is None:
+        _draw_handler_pre = bpy.types.SpaceView3D.draw_handler_add(tool.ClipBox.on_pre_view, (), "WINDOW", "PRE_VIEW")
+    if _draw_handler_post is None:
+        _draw_handler_post = bpy.types.SpaceView3D.draw_handler_add(
+            tool.ClipBox.on_post_view_caps, (), "WINDOW", "POST_VIEW"
+        )
+
+
+def unregister():
+    global _draw_handler_pre, _draw_handler_post
+    if _draw_handler_post is not None:
+        try:
+            bpy.types.SpaceView3D.draw_handler_remove(_draw_handler_post, "WINDOW")
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+        _draw_handler_post = None
+    if _draw_handler_pre is not None:
+        try:
+            bpy.types.SpaceView3D.draw_handler_remove(_draw_handler_pre, "WINDOW")
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+        _draw_handler_pre = None
+    if _on_load_post in bpy.app.handlers.load_post:
+        bpy.app.handlers.load_post.remove(_on_load_post)
+    if _on_depsgraph_update in bpy.app.handlers.depsgraph_update_post:
+        bpy.app.handlers.depsgraph_update_post.remove(_on_depsgraph_update)
+    tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+    tool.ClipBox._last_seen_object_matrices.clear()
+    tool.ClipBox.clear_clip_planes()
+    del bpy.types.Object.BIMClipBoxProperties
+    del bpy.types.Scene.BIMSceneClipBoxProperties

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/clip_box/data.py

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""EnumProperty ``items=`` callbacks for the source-based clip-box picker.
+
+Each callback returns ``[(id_str, label, description)]`` where ``id_str`` is
+an IFC entity id stringified for entity-driven kinds, an IFC class name for
+``CLASS``, or a fixed status name for ``STATUS``. The clip-box operator
+turns the picked id into a ``matrix_world`` via the source-preset helper.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+EnumItems = list[tuple[str, str, str]]
+
+# Module-level cache. Blender's EnumProperty stores raw char pointers from the
+# tuples a callback returns, so the Python strings must outlive the draw call.
+# Stashing the latest result per kind keeps them alive across callback firings.
+_items_cache: dict[str, EnumItems] = {}
+
+# Sentinel id used for the "no options available" placeholder. The operator
+# treats this as an invalid pick and surfaces an ERROR.
+NO_OPTIONS_ID = "__none__"
+
+
+def _cache(kind: str, items: EnumItems) -> EnumItems:
+    _items_cache[kind] = items
+    return items
+
+
+def _no_options(label: str) -> EnumItems:
+    # Blender refuses to draw an EnumProperty with zero entries — show a
+    # placeholder so the dialog renders and the user sees the empty state.
+    return [(NO_OPTIONS_ID, label, "")]
+
+
+def _label(entity, ifc_class: str | None = None) -> str:
+    name = (getattr(entity, "Name", None) or "Unnamed").strip() or "Unnamed"
+    return f"{ifc_class}: {name}" if ifc_class else name
+
+
+def _build_items(kind: str, empty_label: str, build_fn) -> EnumItems:
+    """Shared shape for the IFC-driven enum callbacks.
+
+    Returns the no-IFC placeholder if no file is loaded, then runs
+    ``build_fn(ifc_file)``, sorts the result alphabetically by label, and
+    returns the empty-result placeholder if nothing matched. The output is
+    always routed through the module cache.
+    """
+    ifc = tool.Ifc.get()
+    if ifc is None:
+        return _cache(kind, _no_options("No IFC loaded"))
+    items = build_fn(ifc)
+    items.sort(key=lambda t: t[1].lower())
+    if not items:
+        return _cache(kind, _no_options(empty_label))
+    return _cache(kind, items)
+
+
+# Top-down spatial hierarchy so the picker reads in the order an architect
+# already thinks in, rather than a flat alphabetical mix. IfcSpace is excluded
+# — spaces are typically empty volumes used for room metadata, so clipping to
+# one rarely matches the user intent of "show me what's in this container".
+SPATIAL_CLASSES: tuple[str, ...] = (
+    "IfcProject",
+    "IfcSite",
+    "IfcBuilding",
+    "IfcBuildingStorey",
+)
+
+
+def spatial_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    # Special-case: per-class sort within the hierarchy order rather than a
+    # flat alphabetical sort, so the dropdown reads project → site → building.
+    ifc = tool.Ifc.get()
+    if ifc is None:
+        return _cache("SPATIAL", _no_options("No IFC loaded"))
+    items: EnumItems = []
+    for ifc_class in SPATIAL_CLASSES:
+        try:
+            entities = ifc.by_type(ifc_class, include_subtypes=False)
+        except RuntimeError:
+            continue
+        for entity in sorted(entities, key=lambda e: (e.Name or "").lower()):
+            items.append((str(entity.id()), _label(entity, ifc_class), ""))
+    if not items:
+        return _cache("SPATIAL", _no_options("No spatial containers"))
+    return _cache("SPATIAL", items)
+
+
+def class_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    # Special-case: the picker value IS the IFC class name, not an entity id,
+    # so the build shape differs from the other entity-driven callbacks.
+    ifc = tool.Ifc.get()
+    if ifc is None:
+        return _cache("CLASS", _no_options("No IFC loaded"))
+    # List only IFC classes ACTUALLY present in the file (not the whole
+    # schema), so the user picks from classes that can produce a non-empty
+    # clip volume. ``e.is_a()`` returns the most specific class per element.
+    present = sorted({e.is_a() for e in ifc.by_type("IfcProduct")})
+    if not present:
+        return _cache("CLASS", _no_options("No products"))
+    return _cache("CLASS", [(cls, cls, "") for cls in present])
+
+
+def type_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    return _build_items(
+        "TYPE",
+        "No types defined",
+        lambda ifc: [(str(e.id()), _label(e, e.is_a()), "") for e in ifc.by_type("IfcTypeProduct")],
+    )
+
+
+def material_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    return _build_items(
+        "MATERIAL",
+        "No materials defined",
+        lambda ifc: [(str(e.id()), _label(e), "") for e in ifc.by_type("IfcMaterial")],
+    )
+
+
+def profile_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    # ProfileName is optional. Skip unnamed profiles — they can't be
+    # meaningfully picked from a flat list.
+    return _build_items(
+        "PROFILE",
+        "No named profiles",
+        lambda ifc: [
+            (str(e.id()), f"{e.is_a()}: {e.ProfileName}", "")
+            for e in ifc.by_type("IfcProfileDef")
+            if getattr(e, "ProfileName", None)
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+def drawing_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    return _build_items(
+        "DRAWING",
+        "No drawings defined",
+        lambda ifc: [(str(e.id()), _label(e), "") for e in ifc.by_type("IfcAnnotation") if e.ObjectType == "DRAWING"],
+    )
+
+
+# Display labels for each status value. The id strings on the left are the
+# canonical Pset_*Common.Status enum values accepted by Bonsai's status query.
+STATUS_LABELS: tuple[tuple[str, str], ...] = (
+    ("No Status", "No Status"),
+    ("NEW", "New"),
+    ("EXISTING", "Existing"),
+    ("DEMOLISH", "Demolish"),
+    ("TEMPORARY", "Temporary"),
+    ("OTHER", "Other"),
+    ("NOTKNOWN", "Not Known"),
+    ("UNSET", "Unset"),
+)
+
+
+def status_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    # Fixed enum; no IFC needed. Still routed through the cache to share the
+    # same string-lifetime guarantee as the other callbacks.
+    return _cache("STATUS", [(value, label, "") for value, label in STATUS_LABELS])
+
+
+def system_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    # IfcStructuralAnalysisModel is a structural-grouping container, not a
+    # distribution system — excluded to match Bonsai's other system pickers.
+    return _build_items(
+        "SYSTEM",
+        "No systems defined",
+        lambda ifc: [
+            (str(e.id()), _label(e, e.is_a()), "")
+            for e in ifc.by_type("IfcSystem")
+            if not e.is_a("IfcStructuralAnalysisModel")
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+def group_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    # include_subtypes=False so IfcSystem and IfcZone instances don't appear
+    # under Group as well — those get their own picker entries.
+    return _build_items(
+        "GROUP",
+        "No groups defined",
+        lambda ifc: [(str(e.id()), _label(e), "") for e in ifc.by_type("IfcGroup", include_subtypes=False)],
+    )
+
+
+def zone_items(self, context) -> EnumItems:
+    return _build_items(
+        "ZONE",
+        "No zones defined",
+        lambda ifc: [(str(e.id()), _label(e), "") for e in ifc.by_type("IfcZone")],
+    )

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/clip_box/face_quad.py

@@ -0,0 +1,879 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Generic face-quad resize gizmos for any axis-aligned local box.
+
+This module contains the box-agnostic core of the interactive
+face-resize gizmos: two Gizmo classes (a near-invisible click target
+welded to each face, and a thin colored edge outline), a per-redraw
+orchestrator that places six of each on a box, and the pure one-sided
+resize arithmetic. None of it knows about IFC, clip boxes, or
+``BIMSceneClipBoxProperties`` — a future camera-view-box adapter can
+reuse the same classes and helpers.
+
+Consumer contract — the adapter group must:
+
+1. Create six ``BIM_GT_box_face_quad`` and six ``BIM_GT_box_face_outline``
+   instances at ``setup()`` time, in :data:`FACE_ROUTES` order, and bind
+   each quad's ``move_get_cb`` / ``move_set_cb`` to closures that read
+   and mutate the box's host (e.g. an Empty's ``location`` / ``scale``).
+2. Call :func:`apply_face_quad_layout` from ``refresh()`` /
+   ``draw_prepare()`` with the box's local-frame ``bmin`` / ``bmax``,
+   the host's ``matrix_world``, the OBB rotation as a 4x4
+   (``Matrix.Identity(4)`` when the rotation rides in ``matrix_world``),
+   and the current ``region`` / ``rv3d``.
+3. Implement ``_lock_for(active_gz)`` / ``_unlock_all()`` on the group
+   for drag mutual exclusion; the quad's ``invoke`` / ``exit`` call them.
+
+The resize arithmetic in :func:`compute_face_resize` is pure: feed it
+the modal scalar plus drag-start snapshots and it returns the host's
+new scale-on-axis and new origin location.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import math
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Any
+
+import bpy
+from bpy_extras.view3d_utils import location_3d_to_region_2d, region_2d_to_location_3d
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Public iteration order
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# (axis, is_max) pairs. The adapter group's ``setup()`` MUST create its
+# six face-quad gizmos in this order so positional indexing into the
+# layout helper stays correct.
+FACE_ROUTES: tuple[tuple[int, bool], ...] = (
+    (0, False),
+    (0, True),
+    (1, False),
+    (1, True),
+    (2, False),
+    (2, True),
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Public visual constants (adapter reads these in setup())
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Standard XYZ axis colors (Blender convention).
+AXIS_COLOR: dict[int, tuple[float, float, float]] = {
+    0: (1.0, 0.2, 0.2),
+    1: (0.2, 1.0, 0.2),
+    2: (0.2, 0.4, 1.0),
+}
+
+# Documented "selectable but unpainted" trick: the GPU still writes the
+# selection buffer at this alpha so clicks register, but no visible
+# pixels are produced.
+FACE_QUAD_ALPHA: float = 0.001
+
+# Very faint hover tint — just enough to confirm "you're aiming at this
+# face" without painting visibly over geometry behind it.
+FACE_QUAD_ALPHA_HIGHLIGHT: float = 0.04
+
+# Setup-time default for ``select_bias``; the layout helper overwrites
+# it per frame to the front-facing or halo value below. Kept below the
+# canonical arrow bias so a bailed frame can't let a front quad steal
+# clicks meant for a hidden control.
+FACE_QUAD_SELECT_BIAS: float = 0.5
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Internal constants
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Unit quad in the local XY plane spanning [-0.5, 0.5]^2 at z=0. Two
+# CCW triangles viewed from +Z. matrix_basis stretches it onto the
+# face's perpendicular extents.
+_QUAD_TRIS: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = [
+    (-0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
+    (0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
+    (0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
+    (-0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
+    (0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
+    (-0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
+]
+
+# Unit-quad outline as 4 line segments in the local XY plane at z=0.
+_QUAD_OUTLINE_LINES: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = [
+    (-0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
+    (0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
+    (0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
+    (0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
+    (0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
+    (-0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
+    (-0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
+    (-0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
+]
+
+# Degenerate zero-area triangle for hidden back-facing quads with no
+# visible-adjacent neighbours (rare orientation). Blender tolerates
+# this; the gizmo is hidden anyway so nothing renders.
+_EMPTY_TRIS: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = [
+    (0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+    (0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+    (0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+]
+
+# Rotates the gizmo's local +Z onto the outward face normal in the
+# box's local frame. Right-hand rotation around the named axis.
+_AXIS_ORIENT: dict[tuple[int, bool], Matrix] = {
+    (0, False): Matrix.Rotation(-math.pi / 2, 4, "Y"),
+    (0, True): Matrix.Rotation(math.pi / 2, 4, "Y"),
+    (1, False): Matrix.Rotation(math.pi / 2, 4, "X"),
+    (1, True): Matrix.Rotation(-math.pi / 2, 4, "X"),
+    (2, False): Matrix.Rotation(math.pi, 4, "X"),
+    (2, True): Matrix.Identity(4),
+}
+
+# Per-face mapping from face-quad local axes to local box axes for the
+# perpendicular-extent scale. ``(w_axis, h_axis)`` — the box-local axis
+# indices the quad's local X and Y span after the orientation rotation.
+_QUAD_PERP_AXES: dict[tuple[int, bool], tuple[int, int]] = {
+    (0, False): (2, 1),
+    (0, True): (2, 1),
+    (1, False): (0, 2),
+    (1, True): (0, 2),
+    (2, False): (0, 1),
+    (2, True): (0, 1),
+}
+
+# Front-facing quad sits ABOVE the halo strips so the cursor on the
+# visible face area always grabs the visible face, never accidentally
+# routes to a back-face halo strip in an adjacent screen region.
+_FACE_QUAD_FRONT_FACING_SELECT_BIAS: float = 1.5
+_FACE_QUAD_HALO_FRAME_SELECT_BIAS: float = 1.0
+
+# Target halo-strip thickness in screen pixels. The world-space margin
+# is recomputed per frame so the rim stays a roughly constant on-screen
+# size regardless of viewport zoom.
+_FACE_QUAD_HALO_TARGET_PIXELS: float = 20.0
+
+# Minimum world half-extent a face resize may shrink to. Stops a drag
+# from collapsing the host to zero or negative scale.
+_MIN_HALF_EXTENT: float = 1e-4
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Pure predicates (testable without Blender)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Vec3 = tuple[float, float, float]
+
+
+def face_outward_axis_local(axis: int, is_max: bool) -> Vec3:
+    """Un-rotated outward face normal in the box's local AABB coords.
+
+    For ``(axis=0, is_max=True)`` returns ``(+1, 0, 0)``; for the −X
+    face ``(-1, 0, 0)``; etc. The rotated world normal is obtained by
+    applying the host's rotation and the OBB rotation:
+    ``mw_rot @ cage_rotation @ this``.
+    """
+    sign = 1.0 if is_max else -1.0
+    out = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
+    out[axis] = sign
+    return (out[0], out[1], out[2])
+
+
+def front_facing_face_mask(
+    face_normals_world: Sequence[Vec3],
+    view_dir_world: Vec3,
+    eps: float = 1e-6,
+) -> tuple[bool, ...]:
+    """Which of the 6 box faces point toward the camera.
+
+    A face is front-facing iff its outward normal points AGAINST the
+    view direction (``dot(normal, view_dir) < -eps``). The ``-eps``
+    margin prevents flicker at grazing angles.
+
+    ``face_normals_world`` must be in :data:`FACE_ROUTES` order; returns
+    a 6-tuple of bool parallel to that order.
+    """
+    if len(face_normals_world) != 6:
+        msg = f"expected 6 face normals, got {len(face_normals_world)}"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+    vx, vy, vz = view_dir_world
+    return tuple((n[0] * vx + n[1] * vy + n[2] * vz) < -eps for n in face_normals_world)
+
+
+def view_axis_parallel_face_mask(
+    face_normals_world: Sequence[Vec3],
+    view_dir_world: Vec3,
+    threshold: float = 0.95,
+) -> tuple[bool, ...]:
+    """Which faces have normals (anti-)parallel to the view direction.
+
+    True iff ``abs(dot(normal, view_dir)) >= threshold`` — i.e. the
+    face is nearly perpendicular to the screen plane. Provided as a
+    pure predicate for callers that want to detect degenerate-drag
+    conditions; the layout helper itself no longer gates on it.
+    """
+    if len(face_normals_world) != 6:
+        msg = f"expected 6 face normals, got {len(face_normals_world)}"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+    vx, vy, vz = view_dir_world
+    return tuple(abs(n[0] * vx + n[1] * vy + n[2] * vz) >= threshold for n in face_normals_world)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Pure resize arithmetic
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def compute_face_resize(
+    *,
+    value: float,
+    init_world_half: float,
+    init_location: tuple[float, float, float],
+    world_axis: tuple[float, float, float],
+    display_size: float,
+) -> tuple[float, tuple[float, float, float]]:
+    """Pure one-sided face-resize arithmetic.
+
+    Returns ``(new_scale_axis, new_location)`` — the host's new scale
+    on the dragged axis and its new world origin — such that the
+    dragged face moves by the modal's outward delta while the OPPOSITE
+    face stays put.
+
+    ``value`` is ``init + delta``, where ``init`` is the unsigned
+    drag-start world half-extent and ``delta`` is the cursor projection
+    onto the face's OUTWARD world normal. Realized half-extent is
+    clamped to a small floor; the location shift uses the realized
+    (post-clamp) delta so the opposite face stays fixed even at the
+    clamp.
+    """
+    face_delta = value - init_world_half
+    new_world_half = init_world_half + 0.5 * face_delta
+    if new_world_half < _MIN_HALF_EXTENT:
+        new_world_half = _MIN_HALF_EXTENT
+    realized_delta = 2.0 * (new_world_half - init_world_half)
+
+    ds = display_size if display_size != 0.0 else 1.0
+    new_scale_axis = new_world_half / ds
+    shift = 0.5 * realized_delta
+    new_location = (
+        init_location[0] + shift * world_axis[0],
+        init_location[1] + shift * world_axis[1],
+        init_location[2] + shift * world_axis[2],
+    )
+    return new_scale_axis, new_location
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Internal geometry helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _compute_face_quad_scale(bmin: Any, bmax: Any, axis: int, is_max: bool) -> tuple[float, float]:
+    """Return ``(w, h)`` for the face quad's scale matrix."""
+    w_axis, h_axis = _QUAD_PERP_AXES[(axis, is_max)]
+    w = float(bmax[w_axis] - bmin[w_axis])
+    h = float(bmax[h_axis] - bmin[h_axis])
+    return w, h
+
+
+def _shared_edge_corner_keys(
+    axis_a: int, is_max_a: bool, axis_b: int, is_max_b: bool
+) -> tuple[tuple[int, int, int], tuple[int, int, int]] | None:
+    """Return the 2 corner-bit triples shared by two adjacent faces.
+
+    Corner keys are 3-tuples of bits (0 = bmin, 1 = bmax). The two
+    returned corners are ordered with the free-axis bit ascending.
+    """
+    if axis_a == axis_b:
+        return None
+    free_axis = 3 - axis_a - axis_b
+    bit_a = 1 if is_max_a else 0
+    bit_b = 1 if is_max_b else 0
+    corner_lo = [0, 0, 0]
+    corner_hi = [0, 0, 0]
+    corner_lo[axis_a] = bit_a
+    corner_hi[axis_a] = bit_a
+    corner_lo[axis_b] = bit_b
+    corner_hi[axis_b] = bit_b
+    corner_lo[free_axis] = 0
+    corner_hi[free_axis] = 1
+    return (
+        (corner_lo[0], corner_lo[1], corner_lo[2]),
+        (corner_hi[0], corner_hi[1], corner_hi[2]),
+    )
+
+
+def _face_corner_keys(axis: int, is_max: bool) -> tuple[
+    tuple[int, int, int],
+    tuple[int, int, int],
+    tuple[int, int, int],
+    tuple[int, int, int],
+]:
+    """Return the 4 corner-bit triples of a face in CCW order.
+
+    Triangulation as ``[(0,1,2), (0,2,3)]`` covers the whole face with
+    two non-overlapping triangles.
+    """
+    fixed_bit = 1 if is_max else 0
+    free_axes = [a for a in (0, 1, 2) if a != axis]
+    fa0, fa1 = free_axes
+    corners = []
+    for ka, kb in ((0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1)):
+        key = [0, 0, 0]
+        key[axis] = fixed_bit
+        key[fa0] = ka
+        key[fa1] = kb
+        corners.append((key[0], key[1], key[2]))
+    return (corners[0], corners[1], corners[2], corners[3])
+
+
+def _build_strip_tris_relative(
+    edge_p0_local: tuple[float, float, float],
+    edge_p1_local: tuple[float, float, float],
+    extrusion_local: tuple[float, float, float],
+) -> list[tuple[float, float, float]]:
+    """Build two CCW triangles (6 vertices) for a thin halo strip.
+
+    All inputs are in coords relative to the gizmo's ``matrix_basis``
+    anchor. The strip runs along ``[edge_p0_local, edge_p1_local]`` and
+    extrudes by ``extrusion_local`` perpendicular to the edge.
+    """
+    p0x, p0y, p0z = edge_p0_local
+    p1x, p1y, p1z = edge_p1_local
+    ex, ey, ez = extrusion_local
+    p0e = (p0x + ex, p0y + ey, p0z + ez)
+    p1e = (p1x + ex, p1y + ey, p1z + ez)
+    return [
+        (p0x, p0y, p0z),
+        p0e,
+        p1e,
+        (p0x, p0y, p0z),
+        p1e,
+        (p1x, p1y, p1z),
+    ]
+
+
+def _strips_geometry_changed(quad_gz, face_quad_local, all_tris) -> bool:
+    """True if the back-face quad's geometry differs from the cached upload.
+
+    Pure orbit/pan doesn't change either the box pose or the cage
+    rotation, so the computed strip vertices are byte-identical to the
+    previous frame's. Hitting the cache lets the back-facing branch
+    skip ``new_custom_shape`` and the GPU upload.
+    """
+    cached = getattr(quad_gz, "_strips_cache_key", None)
+    last_state = getattr(quad_gz, "_last_geometry_state", None)
+    key = (face_quad_local, all_tris)
+    if cached is None or last_state != "strips" or cached != key:
+        quad_gz._strips_cache_key = key
+        quad_gz._last_geometry_state = "strips"
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def _compute_face_basis(
+    mw: Any,
+    mw_rot: Any,
+    cage_rotation: Any,
+    pivot_local: Any,
+    face_local: Any,
+    orient: Any,
+) -> tuple[Any, Any]:
+    """World-space (translation, outward-normal-direction) for one face."""
+    rotated_face_local = cage_rotation.to_3x3() @ (face_local - pivot_local) + pivot_local
+    face_world = mw @ rotated_face_local
+    world_axis = (mw_rot @ cage_rotation.to_3x3() @ (orient.to_3x3() @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0)))).normalized()
+    return face_world, world_axis
+
+
+def _compose_face_matrix_basis(
+    face_world: Any,
+    mw_rot_scale: Any,
+    cage_rotation: Any,
+    orient: Any,
+    w: float,
+    h: float,
+) -> Any:
+    """Compose the 5-term ``matrix_basis`` for a face-plane gizmo.
+
+    Returns ``Translation @ mw_rot_scale @ cage_rotation @ orient @
+    Diagonal((w, h, 1, 1))`` — maps a unit-square local quad onto the
+    world-space face rectangle, including the host's scale.
+    """
+    quad_scale = Matrix.Diagonal((w, h, 1.0, 1.0))
+    return Matrix.Translation(face_world) @ mw_rot_scale.to_4x4() @ cage_rotation @ orient @ quad_scale
+
+
+def _compute_box_corners_world(
+    bmin: Any,
+    bmax: Any,
+    pivot_local: Any,
+    cage_rotation_3x3: Any,
+    mw: Any,
+) -> dict[tuple[int, int, int], Any]:
+    """Return the 8 OBB corners in world space, keyed by bit-triple."""
+    corners: dict[tuple[int, int, int], Any] = {}
+    for ix in (0, 1):
+        for iy in (0, 1):
+            for iz in (0, 1):
+                local = Vector(
+                    (
+                        float(bmax.x if ix else bmin.x),
+                        float(bmax.y if iy else bmin.y),
+                        float(bmax.z if iz else bmin.z),
+                    )
+                )
+                rotated = cage_rotation_3x3 @ (local - pivot_local) + pivot_local
+                corners[(ix, iy, iz)] = mw @ rotated
+    return corners
+
+
+def _abs_scale_matrix(mw: Any) -> Any:
+    """Return a copy of ``mw`` with all scale components ``abs()``-ed.
+
+    Without this, a negative-scale host produces a visible/clickable
+    face inversion: ``mw @ local_vec`` flips the +axis face onto the
+    -axis world side, while the rotation-only normal stays pointing
+    in the +axis direction — so the gizmo for "the +X face" sits at
+    world -X but reports its outward normal as +X.
+    """
+    loc, rot, scale = mw.decompose()
+    abs_scale = Vector((abs(scale.x), abs(scale.y), abs(scale.z)))
+    return Matrix.LocRotScale(loc, rot, abs_scale)
+
+
+def _world_radius_to_screen_pixels(
+    region: Any,
+    rv3d: Any,
+    center_world: Vector,
+    world_radius: float,
+    *,
+    min_pixels: float = 0.0,
+) -> float:
+    """Return the on-screen pixel radius of a world-space circle.
+
+    Projects ``center_world`` and a sample point offset by
+    ``world_radius`` along the camera's view-aligned right axis to
+    region pixels, and returns the screen-pixel distance between them.
+    Falls back to ``min_pixels`` if either projection fails.
+    """
+    try:
+        view_inv = rv3d.view_matrix.inverted()
+        right = Vector((view_inv[0][0], view_inv[0][1], view_inv[0][2])).normalized()
+    except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+        right = Vector((1.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+    sample_world = center_world + right * world_radius
+    return _world_segment_to_screen_pixels(region, rv3d, center_world, sample_world, min_pixels=min_pixels)
+
+
+def _world_segment_to_screen_pixels(
+    region: Any,
+    rv3d: Any,
+    p0_world: Vector,
+    p1_world: Vector,
+    *,
+    min_pixels: float = 0.0,
+) -> float:
+    """Return the on-screen pixel length of an arbitrary world segment.
+
+    Unlike :func:`_world_radius_to_screen_pixels`, this measures the
+    ACTUAL projected length of the segment — foreshortening included.
+    Use this when the segment direction is known to be oblique to the
+    screen plane (e.g. a back face's outward normal): a perpendicular
+    radius measurement overestimates the on-screen length, leaving
+    halo strips visually narrower than the requested pixel target.
+    """
+    p0 = location_3d_to_region_2d(region, rv3d, p0_world)
+    p1 = location_3d_to_region_2d(region, rv3d, p1_world)
+    if not p0 or not p1:
+        return min_pixels
+    dx = float(p1[0]) - float(p0[0])
+    dy = float(p1[1]) - float(p0[1])
+    return max(min_pixels, (dx * dx + dy * dy) ** 0.5)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Gizmo classes
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class BIM_GT_box_face_quad(bpy.types.Gizmo):  # noqa: N801 — Blender bl_idname convention
+    """Near-invisible face-quad click target with drag-to-resize modal.
+
+    Geometry: a unit quad in the local XY plane at z=0. The adapter
+    group's layout helper rotates and scales it onto the face plane;
+    the quad is welded to the world face (``use_draw_scale = False``).
+    """
+
+    bl_idname = "BIM_GT_box_face_quad"
+    bl_target_properties = ({"id": "offset", "type": "FLOAT", "array_length": 1},)
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "custom_shape",
+        "custom_shape_select",
+        "init_value",
+        "move_get_cb",
+        "move_set_cb",
+        "axis",
+        "start_location",
+        "depth_point",
+        "callback",
+        "ctrl_click_cb",
+        "_group",
+        "_face_axis",
+        "is_max",
+        "_drag_snapshot",
+        "_last_geometry_state",
+        "_strips_cache_key",
+    )
+
+    def draw(self, context: Any) -> None:
+        self.draw_custom_shape(self.custom_shape)
+
+    def draw_select(self, context: Any, select_id: int) -> None:
+        # Back-facing quads bind ``custom_shape_select`` to the halo-strip
+        # TRIS so clicks OUTSIDE the box silhouette catch the back face.
+        # Front-facing quads leave it None and reuse ``custom_shape``.
+        shape = getattr(self, "custom_shape_select", None) or self.custom_shape
+        self.draw_custom_shape(shape, select_id=select_id)
+
+    def setup(self) -> None:
+        if not hasattr(self, "custom_shape_"):
+            self.custom_shape = self.new_custom_shape("TRIS", _QUAD_TRIS)
+        self.custom_shape_select = None
+        # Quad welded to world geometry — clicks must align with the
+        # visible face, not a screen-size widget. Disables Blender's
+        # per-frame pixel-constant autoscale.
+        self.use_draw_scale = False
+
+    # ---- modal -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def invoke(self, context: Any, event: Any) -> set[str]:
+        # CTRL+click handoff: dispatch a host-defined callback (e.g.
+        # align-view) instead of starting a drag.
+        if event.ctrl and getattr(self, "ctrl_click_cb", None) is not None:
+            self.ctrl_click_cb(context, event)
+            return {"FINISHED"}
+
+        region = context.region
+        rv3d = context.region_data
+        if region is None or rv3d is None:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        self.init_value = self.move_get_cb()
+        # Freeze the projection plane at invoke — projection-plane
+        # drift on tilted axes causes exponential delta runaway.
+        self.depth_point = self.matrix_basis.translation.copy()
+        self.start_location = region_2d_to_location_3d(region, rv3d, (event.mouse_x, event.mouse_y), self.depth_point)
+
+        if getattr(self, "_group", None) is not None:
+            self._group._lock_for(self)
+        return {"RUNNING_MODAL"}
+
+    def exit(self, context: Any, cancel: bool) -> None:
+        try:
+            if context.area:
+                context.area.header_text_set(None)
+            if cancel:
+                self.move_set_cb(self.init_value)
+            if hasattr(self, "callback"):
+                self.callback(self.move_get_cb())
+        finally:
+            self._drag_snapshot = None
+            if getattr(self, "_group", None) is not None:
+                self._group._unlock_all()
+
+    def modal(self, context: Any, event: Any, tweak: set[str]) -> set[str]:
+        if event.type == "ESC":
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        region = context.region
+        rv3d = context.region_data
+        if region is None or rv3d is None:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        end_location = region_2d_to_location_3d(region, rv3d, (event.mouse_x, event.mouse_y), self.depth_point)
+        delta = (end_location - self.start_location).dot(self.axis)
+        if "SNAP" in tweak:
+            delta = round(delta, 1)
+        if "PRECISE" in tweak:
+            delta /= 10.0
+        self.move_set_cb(self.init_value + delta)
+        if context.area:
+            context.area.header_text_set(f"Value: {self.move_get_cb():.3f} ({delta:.3f})")
+        return {"RUNNING_MODAL"}
+
+
+class BIM_GT_box_face_outline(bpy.types.Gizmo):  # noqa: N801 — Blender bl_idname convention
+    """Thin non-interactive colored edge outline for one face.
+
+    Drawn as 4 line segments in the face plane. The layout helper
+    toggles its ``alpha`` between near-zero and ``1.0`` based on the
+    sibling face-quad's ``is_highlight`` state — so hovering the quad
+    lights up the matching outline. ``hide_select = True`` keeps the
+    outline out of the GPU selection buffer.
+    """
+
+    bl_idname = "BIM_GT_box_face_outline"
+    bl_target_properties = ()
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "custom_shape",
+        "_face_axis",
+        "is_max",
+        "_last_outline_state",
+    )
+
+    def draw(self, context: Any) -> None:
+        self.draw_custom_shape(self.custom_shape)
+
+    def draw_select(self, context: Any, select_id: int) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    def setup(self) -> None:
+        if not hasattr(self, "custom_shape_"):
+            self.custom_shape = self.new_custom_shape("LINES", _QUAD_OUTLINE_LINES)
+        self.use_draw_scale = False
+        self.hide_select = True
+        self._last_outline_state = "unit"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Per-redraw orchestrator
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def apply_face_quad_layout(
+    *,
+    quad_gizmos,
+    outline_gizmos,
+    bmin: Any,
+    bmax: Any,
+    matrix_world: Any,
+    cage_rotation: Any,
+    region: Any,
+    rv3d: Any,
+    locked: bool,
+) -> None:
+    """Lay out 6 face quads + 6 outlines on the box for this redraw.
+
+    ``quad_gizmos`` / ``outline_gizmos`` are length-6 sequences in
+    :data:`FACE_ROUTES` order. ``bmin`` / ``bmax`` are the box corners
+    in the host's local frame; ``matrix_world`` is the host's world
+    matrix; ``cage_rotation`` is the OBB rotation as a 4x4 (use
+    ``Matrix.Identity(4)`` when rotation rides in ``matrix_world``).
+    ``region`` / ``rv3d`` drive the view-dependent front/back split and
+    the screen-constant halo margin; passing ``rv3d = None`` bails.
+
+    Negative scale on the host is normalized to positive internally so
+    the visible cube and the clickable face gizmos stay aligned —
+    callers don't need to pre-process ``matrix_world``.
+
+    When ``locked`` (a drag is active), ``hide`` / ``select_bias``
+    writes are skipped — the active quad's geometry is still refreshed
+    so it tracks the moving box.
+    """
+    if rv3d is None or getattr(rv3d, "view_rotation", None) is None:
+        return
+    if len(quad_gizmos) != 6 or len(outline_gizmos) != 6:
+        return
+
+    mw = _abs_scale_matrix(matrix_world)
+    mw_rot = mw.to_quaternion().to_matrix()
+    mw_rot_scale = mw.to_3x3()
+    cage_rotation_3x3 = cage_rotation.to_3x3()
+    pivot_local = (bmin + bmax) * 0.5
+    box_center_local = pivot_local
+    face_midpoints_local = {
+        (0, False): Vector((float(bmin.x), box_center_local.y, box_center_local.z)),
+        (0, True): Vector((float(bmax.x), box_center_local.y, box_center_local.z)),
+        (1, False): Vector((box_center_local.x, float(bmin.y), box_center_local.z)),
+        (1, True): Vector((box_center_local.x, float(bmax.y), box_center_local.z)),
+        (2, False): Vector((box_center_local.x, box_center_local.y, float(bmin.z))),
+        (2, True): Vector((box_center_local.x, box_center_local.y, float(bmax.z))),
+    }
+
+    view_dir = (rv3d.view_rotation @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, -1.0))).normalized()
+    view_dir_tuple = (float(view_dir.x), float(view_dir.y), float(view_dir.z))
+    face_normals_world = []
+    for route_axis, route_is_max in FACE_ROUTES:
+        axis_local = Vector(face_outward_axis_local(route_axis, route_is_max))
+        n_world = (mw_rot @ cage_rotation_3x3 @ axis_local).normalized()
+        face_normals_world.append((float(n_world.x), float(n_world.y), float(n_world.z)))
+    front = front_facing_face_mask(tuple(face_normals_world), view_dir_tuple)
+
+    box_center_world = mw @ pivot_local
+    corners_world = _compute_box_corners_world(bmin, bmax, pivot_local, cage_rotation_3x3, mw)
+    route_to_index = {route: i for i, route in enumerate(FACE_ROUTES)}
+
+    for i, route in enumerate(FACE_ROUTES):
+        quad_gz = quad_gizmos[i]
+        is_front = front[i]
+        axis_b, is_max_b = route
+
+        # Place the colored OUTLINE on every face using the same composed
+        # face matrix the front-facing solid quad uses. Hidden/shown via
+        # alpha at the end of the pass.
+        outline_orient = _AXIS_ORIENT[route]
+        outline_face_world, _outline_axis = _compute_face_basis(
+            mw,
+            mw_rot,
+            cage_rotation,
+            pivot_local,
+            face_midpoints_local[route],
+            outline_orient,
+        )
+        ow, oh = _compute_face_quad_scale(bmin, bmax, axis_b, is_max_b)
+        outline_gizmos[i].matrix_basis = _compose_face_matrix_basis(
+            outline_face_world, mw_rot_scale, cage_rotation, outline_orient, ow, oh
+        )
+
+        if is_front:
+            if not locked:
+                quad_gz.hide = False
+                quad_gz.select_bias = _FACE_QUAD_FRONT_FACING_SELECT_BIAS
+            orient = _AXIS_ORIENT[route]
+            face_world, world_axis = _compute_face_basis(
+                mw,
+                mw_rot,
+                cage_rotation,
+                pivot_local,
+                face_midpoints_local[route],
+                orient,
+            )
+            w, h = _compute_face_quad_scale(bmin, bmax, axis_b, is_max_b)
+            quad_gz.matrix_basis = _compose_face_matrix_basis(face_world, mw_rot_scale, cage_rotation, orient, w, h)
+            quad_gz.axis = world_axis
+            if getattr(quad_gz, "_last_geometry_state", None) != "solid":
+                quad_gz.custom_shape = quad_gz.new_custom_shape("TRIS", _QUAD_TRIS)
+                quad_gz.custom_shape_select = None
+                quad_gz._last_geometry_state = "solid"
+            continue
+
+        # Back-facing: anchor at the back face centre; build halo strips
+        # in the planes of the adjacent FRONT faces, extruded outside
+        # the silhouette toward this face's outward normal.
+        face_world = mw @ (cage_rotation_3x3 @ (face_midpoints_local[route] - pivot_local) + pivot_local)
+        quad_gz.matrix_basis = Matrix.Translation(face_world)
+        quad_gz.axis = (mw_rot @ cage_rotation_3x3 @ Vector(face_outward_axis_local(axis_b, is_max_b))).normalized()
+
+        adjacent_front_routes = [
+            (axis_a, is_max_a)
+            for axis_a in range(3)
+            if axis_a != axis_b
+            for is_max_a in (False, True)
+            if front[route_to_index[(axis_a, is_max_a)]]
+        ]
+        # Per-face world margin: measure the screen-projected length of
+        # ONE world unit along THIS face's outward normal. The world
+        # margin that yields ~N pixels on screen is then ``N / length``.
+        # Foreshortening on oblique faces shortens the projected step,
+        # so the world step must grow to keep the strip the same width
+        # on screen.
+        face_world_margin = 0.0
+        if region is not None:
+            sample_end = box_center_world + quad_gz.axis * 1.0
+            screen_step = _world_segment_to_screen_pixels(region, rv3d, box_center_world, sample_end, min_pixels=0.0)
+            if screen_step > 0.0:
+                face_world_margin = _FACE_QUAD_HALO_TARGET_PIXELS / screen_step
+        if face_world_margin <= 0.0 or not adjacent_front_routes:
+            if not locked:
+                quad_gz.hide = True
+                quad_gz.select_bias = _FACE_QUAD_HALO_FRAME_SELECT_BIAS
+            if getattr(quad_gz, "_last_geometry_state", None) != "empty":
+                quad_gz.custom_shape = quad_gz.new_custom_shape("TRIS", _EMPTY_TRIS)
+                quad_gz.custom_shape_select = None
+                quad_gz._last_geometry_state = "empty"
+            continue
+
+        extrusion_world = quad_gz.axis * face_world_margin
+        extrusion_local = (
+            float(extrusion_world.x),
+            float(extrusion_world.y),
+            float(extrusion_world.z),
+        )
+        all_tris: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        for axis_a, is_max_a in adjacent_front_routes:
+            edge_keys = _shared_edge_corner_keys(axis_a, is_max_a, axis_b, is_max_b)
+            if edge_keys is None:
+                continue
+            key0, key1 = edge_keys
+            wp0 = corners_world[key0]
+            wp1 = corners_world[key1]
+            local_p0 = (
+                float(wp0.x - face_world.x),
+                float(wp0.y - face_world.y),
+                float(wp0.z - face_world.z),
+            )
+            local_p1 = (
+                float(wp1.x - face_world.x),
+                float(wp1.y - face_world.y),
+                float(wp1.z - face_world.z),
+            )
+            all_tris.extend(_build_strip_tris_relative(local_p0, local_p1, extrusion_local))
+
+        if not locked:
+            quad_gz.hide = False
+            quad_gz.select_bias = _FACE_QUAD_HALO_FRAME_SELECT_BIAS
+
+        corner_keys = _face_corner_keys(axis_b, is_max_b)
+        wc_local = [
+            (
+                float(corners_world[k].x - face_world.x),
+                float(corners_world[k].y - face_world.y),
+                float(corners_world[k].z - face_world.z),
+            )
+            for k in corner_keys
+        ]
+        face_quad_local = [
+            wc_local[0],
+            wc_local[1],
+            wc_local[2],
+            wc_local[0],
+            wc_local[2],
+            wc_local[3],
+        ]
+        if _strips_geometry_changed(quad_gz, tuple(face_quad_local), tuple(all_tris)):
+            quad_gz.custom_shape = quad_gz.new_custom_shape("TRIS", face_quad_local)
+            quad_gz.custom_shape_select = quad_gz.new_custom_shape("TRIS", all_tris)
+        quad_gz._last_geometry_state = "strips"
+
+    # Outline alpha follows ONLY the hovered quad's own state — light
+    # the outline of the face under the cursor, nothing else.
+    if not locked:
+        for outline_gz, quad_gz in zip(outline_gizmos, quad_gizmos, strict=True):
+            lit = bool(getattr(quad_gz, "is_highlight", False))
+            outline_gz.alpha = 1.0 if lit else 0.0
+            outline_gz.alpha_highlight = 1.0 if lit else 0.0
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AXIS_COLOR",
+    "FACE_QUAD_ALPHA",
+    "FACE_QUAD_ALPHA_HIGHLIGHT",
+    "FACE_QUAD_SELECT_BIAS",
+    "FACE_ROUTES",
+    "BIM_GT_box_face_outline",
+    "BIM_GT_box_face_quad",
+    "apply_face_quad_layout",
+    "compute_face_resize",
+    "face_outward_axis_local",
+    "front_facing_face_mask",
+    "view_axis_parallel_face_mask",
+]

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/clip_box/gizmos.py

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Interactive face-quad resize gizmos for the active clip box.
+
+Adapter group that binds the generic :mod:`face_quad` core to a Bonsai
+clip-box Empty: six near-invisible click quads + six edge outlines on
+the cube's faces. Dragging a face does a ONE-SIDED resize — the dragged
+face moves along its outward world normal while the opposite face stays
+put — by writing the empty's ``location`` and ``scale``. Bonsai's
+depsgraph handler then re-arms the clip planes from the new matrix.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import contextlib
+from typing import Any
+
+import bpy
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+from . import face_quad
+
+# Local-frame bounds of the empty's CUBE display. The display spans
+# ``[-empty_display_size, +empty_display_size]^3``; Bonsai always sets
+# ``empty_display_size = 1.0`` on clip-box hosts, so the local box is
+# the unit cube. The empty's per-axis scale + rotation + translation
+# ride in ``matrix_world``, which the layout helper applies.
+_LOCAL_BMIN = Vector((-1.0, -1.0, -1.0))
+_LOCAL_BMAX = Vector((1.0, 1.0, 1.0))
+
+
+def _world_axis(empty: bpy.types.Object, axis: int, is_max: bool) -> Vector:
+    """Outward world-space unit normal of the ``(axis, is_max)`` face.
+
+    Uses the rotation-only matrix so a negative-scale empty doesn't
+    flip the resulting direction — the visible "+X face" then stays
+    associated with world +X (transformed through rotation).
+    """
+    rot_mat = empty.matrix_world.to_quaternion().to_matrix()
+    n = Vector(rot_mat.col[axis])
+    if n.length <= 0.0:
+        return Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+    n.normalize()
+    return n if is_max else -n
+
+
+def _world_half_extent(empty: bpy.types.Object, axis: int) -> float:
+    """The empty's box half-extent along local ``axis`` in WORLD units.
+
+    A CUBE empty's local cube is ``±empty_display_size``; ``matrix_world``
+    stretches it by the column length on ``axis``. So the world
+    half-extent is ``|column[axis]| * empty_display_size``.
+    """
+    col_len = empty.matrix_world.to_3x3().col[axis].length
+    display_size = abs(float(getattr(empty, "empty_display_size", 1.0) or 1.0))
+    return float(col_len) * display_size
+
+
+def _make_face_get_cb(gz: Any, group: Any, axis: int, is_max: bool):
+    """Closure returning the world half-extent at drag start and
+    snapshotting the empty's full transform on the gizmo instance.
+
+    The snapshot lives on the gizmo (not the group) so a PERSISTENT
+    group servicing multiple clip boxes can't bleed one drag's state
+    onto another. Cleared on ``exit`` by the shared face-quad hook.
+    """
+
+    def getter() -> float:
+        empty = group._empty
+        if empty is None:
+            return 0.0
+        existing = getattr(gz, "_drag_snapshot", None)
+        if existing is not None and existing.get("empty_name") == getattr(empty, "name", None):
+            return float(existing["world_half"])
+
+        world_half = _world_half_extent(empty, axis)
+        display_size = abs(float(getattr(empty, "empty_display_size", 1.0) or 1.0))
+        gz._drag_snapshot = {
+            "empty_name": getattr(empty, "name", None),
+            "world_half": world_half,
+            "location": tuple(float(v) for v in empty.location),
+            "scale": tuple(float(v) for v in empty.scale),
+            "display_size": display_size if display_size != 0.0 else 1.0,
+            "world_axis": tuple(_world_axis(empty, axis, is_max)),
+        }
+        return float(world_half)
+
+    return getter
+
+
+def _make_ctrl_click_cb(axis: int, is_max: bool):
+    """Closure that dispatches CTRL+click on a face to the align-view operator.
+
+    Routing through an operator (rather than mutating ``rv3d`` here)
+    keeps the action F3-searchable and undoable.
+    """
+
+    def _callback(_context: Any, _event: Any) -> None:
+        bpy.ops.bim.align_view_to_clip_face("INVOKE_DEFAULT", axis=axis, is_max=is_max)
+
+    return _callback
+
+
+def _make_face_set_cb(gz: Any, group: Any, axis: int, is_max: bool):
+    """Closure that applies a one-sided face resize by writing the
+    empty's ``location`` + ``scale``.
+
+    The modal calls this with ``value = init + delta`` where ``delta``
+    is the cursor's projection onto the face's OUTWARD world normal.
+    Both reads come from ``gz._drag_snapshot`` so every frame is
+    relative to drag start, never compounding.
+    """
+    del is_max  # snapshot's world_axis carries the direction
+
+    def setter(value: float) -> None:
+        empty = group._empty
+        if empty is None:
+            return
+        snap = getattr(gz, "_drag_snapshot", None)
+        if snap is None or snap.get("empty_name") != getattr(empty, "name", None):
+            return
+
+        new_scale_axis, new_location = face_quad.compute_face_resize(
+            value=value,
+            init_world_half=snap["world_half"],
+            init_location=snap["location"],
+            world_axis=snap["world_axis"],
+            display_size=snap["display_size"],
+        )
+        new_scale = list(snap["scale"])
+        # Preserve the sign of the original scale so a user-flipped empty
+        # stays flipped after the resize — compute_face_resize returns a
+        # positive magnitude, the sign is the user's intent to keep.
+        sign = -1.0 if snap["scale"][axis] < 0.0 else 1.0
+        new_scale[axis] = sign * new_scale_axis
+
+        empty.scale = new_scale
+        empty.location = Vector(new_location)
+
+    return setter
+
+
+class OBJECT_GGT_bim_clip_box(bpy.types.GizmoGroup):  # noqa: N801 — Blender bl_idname convention
+    """Face-quad resize handles on the active clip box.
+
+    Renders six near-invisible click-target quads and six colored edge
+    outlines on the active clip-box empty whenever clipping is enabled.
+    Click-and-drag a face to resize one-sided; the opposite face stays
+    put. CTRL+click and plain click fall through to selection.
+    """
+
+    bl_idname = "OBJECT_GGT_bim_clip_box"
+    bl_label = "Bonsai Clip Box Faces"
+    bl_space_type = "VIEW_3D"
+    bl_region_type = "WINDOW"
+    bl_options = {"3D", "PERSISTENT", "SHOW_MODAL_ALL"}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context: Any) -> bool:
+        scene = getattr(context, "scene", None)
+        if scene is None:
+            return False
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(scene)
+        if not scene_props.enabled or not scene_props.enable_gizmos:
+            return False
+        active_clip_box = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box(scene)
+        if active_clip_box is None:
+            return False
+        # Only render when the user has the active clip box itself
+        # selected — otherwise the face handles would intercept clicks
+        # meant for the geometry behind them.
+        return getattr(context, "active_object", None) is active_clip_box
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setup_keymap(cls, keyconfig):
+        # Bind CLICK_DRAG so plain LEFTMOUSE PRESS passes through to
+        # selection — the user can still click through a near-invisible
+        # face quad to pick a mesh behind it.
+        km = keyconfig.keymaps.new(
+            name=cls.bl_idname,
+            space_type=cls.bl_space_type,
+            region_type=cls.bl_region_type,
+        )
+        km.keymap_items.new("gizmogroup.gizmo_tweak", type="LEFTMOUSE", value="CLICK_DRAG")
+        km.keymap_items.new("gizmogroup.gizmo_tweak", type="LEFTMOUSE", value="PRESS", ctrl=True)
+        return km
+
+    def setup(self, context: Any) -> None:
+        # ``_empty`` is resolved each refresh so the PERSISTENT group
+        # follows whichever clip box is active in the scene PG.
+        self._empty: bpy.types.Object | None = None
+        self._locked = False
+        self._face_routes: list[tuple[int, bool]] = []
+
+        for axis, is_max in face_quad.FACE_ROUTES:
+            gz = self.gizmos.new(face_quad.BIM_GT_box_face_quad.bl_idname)
+            gz._group = self
+            gz._face_axis = axis
+            gz.is_max = is_max
+            gz._drag_snapshot = None
+            gz._last_geometry_state = "solid"
+            gz._strips_cache_key = None
+            gz.color = face_quad.AXIS_COLOR[axis]
+            gz.color_highlight = tuple(min(1.0, c + 0.3) for c in face_quad.AXIS_COLOR[axis])
+            gz.alpha = face_quad.FACE_QUAD_ALPHA
+            gz.alpha_highlight = face_quad.FACE_QUAD_ALPHA_HIGHLIGHT
+            gz.use_draw_modal = True
+            gz.scale_basis = 1.0
+            gz.select_bias = face_quad.FACE_QUAD_SELECT_BIAS
+            gz.move_get_cb = _make_face_get_cb(gz, self, axis, is_max)
+            gz.move_set_cb = _make_face_set_cb(gz, self, axis, is_max)
+            # CTRL+click on a face aligns the viewport to look at it.
+            gz.ctrl_click_cb = _make_ctrl_click_cb(axis, is_max)
+            self._face_routes.append((axis, is_max))
+
+        # Outlines added last so they composite on top of the quad
+        # fills (Blender draws gizmos in creation order).
+        for axis, is_max in face_quad.FACE_ROUTES:
+            ol = self.gizmos.new(face_quad.BIM_GT_box_face_outline.bl_idname)
+            ol._face_axis = axis
+            ol.is_max = is_max
+            ol.color = face_quad.AXIS_COLOR[axis]
+            ol.color_highlight = face_quad.AXIS_COLOR[axis]
+            ol.alpha = 0.0
+            ol.alpha_highlight = 0.0
+            ol.line_width = 2.5
+
+    def _quad_gizmos(self):
+        return self.gizmos[: len(self._face_routes)]
+
+    def _outline_gizmos(self):
+        n = len(self._face_routes)
+        return self.gizmos[n : 2 * n]
+
+    def refresh(self, context: Any) -> None:
+        """State-change path: resolve the active empty, then run the
+        shared face-quad layout so the quads aren't stale for a frame
+        after a selection or active-index change."""
+        empty = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box(context.scene)
+        self._empty = empty
+        if empty is None:
+            for gz in self.gizmos:
+                gz.hide = True
+            return
+        self._layout(context, empty)
+
+    def draw_prepare(self, context: Any) -> None:
+        """Per-redraw — fires on orbit — re-run the layout so the
+        front/back split, halo strips, and outline highlights track
+        the camera and any live G/R/S on the empty."""
+        empty = self._empty
+        if empty is None:
+            return
+        self._layout(context, empty)
+
+    def _layout(self, context: Any, empty: bpy.types.Object) -> None:
+        face_quad.apply_face_quad_layout(
+            quad_gizmos=self._quad_gizmos(),
+            outline_gizmos=self._outline_gizmos(),
+            bmin=_LOCAL_BMIN,
+            bmax=_LOCAL_BMAX,
+            matrix_world=empty.matrix_world,
+            # The empty's rotation rides in matrix_world, so the
+            # box-local OBB rotation is identity.
+            cage_rotation=Matrix.Identity(4),
+            region=getattr(context, "region", None),
+            rv3d=getattr(context, "region_data", None),
+            locked=self._locked,
+        )
+
+    # ---- mutual exclusion (lock siblings during a drag) ------------------
+
+    def _lock_for(self, active_gizmo) -> None:
+        self._locked = True
+        for gz in self.gizmos:
+            if gz is not active_gizmo:
+                with contextlib.suppress(ReferenceError, RuntimeError):
+                    gz.hide = True
+
+    def _unlock_all(self) -> None:
+        self._locked = False
+        for gz in self.gizmos:
+            with contextlib.suppress(ReferenceError, RuntimeError):
+                gz.hide = False
+        # Rebuild caps synchronously so the cross-section overlay
+        # re-forms the instant the user releases the handle, rather
+        # than waiting for the depsgraph's debounced rebuild path.
+        with contextlib.suppress(RuntimeError, ReferenceError):
+            tool.ClipBox.rebuild_caps_now()
+        # Push an undo step so the user can revert a face drag with Ctrl+Z.
+        with contextlib.suppress(RuntimeError):
+            bpy.ops.ed.undo_push(message="Resize Clip Box")

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/clip_box/operator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+import bpy
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from bonsai.bim.helper import prop_with_search
+
+from . import data
+
+# NOTE: do NOT add ``from __future__ import annotations`` to this module.
+# PEP 563 stringifies the operator's EnumProperty class annotations, which
+# breaks any introspection that reads ``cls.__annotations__[name].keywords``
+# — including the enum-search helper that draws the search-button icon.
+
+CLIP_BOX_NAME = "ClipBox"
+
+# Display labels for the source-based picker, used for the menu entries and
+# the dialog title. The dict keys are the canonical source-kind identifiers.
+SOURCE_KIND_LABELS: dict[str, str] = {
+    "SPATIAL": "Spatial Element",
+    "CLASS": "Class",
+    "TYPE": "Type",
+    "MATERIAL": "Material",
+    "PROFILE": "Profile",
+    "DRAWING": "Drawing",
+    "STATUS": "Status",
+    "SYSTEM": "System",
+    "GROUP": "Group",
+    "ZONE": "Zone",
+}
+
+
+_SOURCE_ID_DISPATCH = {
+    "SPATIAL": data.spatial_items,
+    "CLASS": data.class_items,
+    "TYPE": data.type_items,
+    "MATERIAL": data.material_items,
+    "PROFILE": data.profile_items,
+    "DRAWING": data.drawing_items,
+    "STATUS": data.status_items,
+    "SYSTEM": data.system_items,
+    "GROUP": data.group_items,
+    "ZONE": data.zone_items,
+}
+
+
+def _source_id_items(self, context):
+    """Dispatch the ``source_id`` enum items based on the picked ``source_kind``."""
+    fn = _SOURCE_ID_DISPATCH.get(self.source_kind)
+    if fn is None:
+        return [(data.NO_OPTIONS_ID, "No options", "")]
+    return fn(self, context)
+
+
+def _source_display_name(kind, source_id):
+    """Human-readable name of the picked source, used in the clip-box name."""
+    if kind == "STATUS":
+        return next((label for value, label in data.STATUS_LABELS if value == source_id), source_id)
+    if kind == "CLASS":
+        # source_id IS the human-readable IFC class name.
+        return source_id
+    ifc = tool.Ifc.get()
+    if ifc is None:
+        return source_id
+    try:
+        entity = ifc.by_id(int(source_id))
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, RuntimeError):
+        return source_id
+    return (getattr(entity, "Name", None) or "Unnamed").strip() or "Unnamed"
+
+
+class BIM_OT_align_view_to_clip_face(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.align_view_to_clip_face"
+    bl_label = "Align View to Clip Box Face"
+    bl_description = "Orient the 3D viewport to look directly at the picked clip-box face"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER"}
+
+    axis: bpy.props.IntProperty(default=0, options={"SKIP_SAVE"})
+    is_max: bpy.props.BoolProperty(default=True, options={"SKIP_SAVE"})
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        rv3d = getattr(context, "region_data", None)
+        if rv3d is None:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        clip_box = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box(context.scene)
+        if clip_box is None:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        rot_mat = clip_box.matrix_world.to_quaternion().to_matrix()
+        outward_local = Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        outward_local[self.axis] = 1.0 if self.is_max else -1.0
+        outward = (rot_mat @ outward_local).normalized()
+        if outward.length == 0.0:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        up_world = (rot_mat @ _local_up_for_face(self.axis, self.is_max)).normalized()
+        rv3d.view_rotation = _view_rotation_from_forward_and_up(-outward, up_world)
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+def _local_up_for_face(axis: int, is_max: bool) -> Vector:
+    """Box-local up direction for a face, following Blender numpad conventions.
+
+    Side faces (local ±X / ±Y normal) → local +Z is up. Top face (local +Z
+    normal) → local +Y is up; bottom face (local -Z normal) → local -Y is
+    up. The caller rotates this through the empty's matrix so the
+    resulting world up axis tracks the box's orientation.
+    """
+    if axis == 2:
+        return Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0)) if is_max else Vector((0.0, -1.0, 0.0))
+    return Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
+
+
+def _view_rotation_from_forward_and_up(forward: Vector, up_hint: Vector) -> "bpy.types.Quaternion":
+    """Build a camera ``view_rotation`` that looks along ``forward`` with
+    ``up_hint`` projected to the camera's local +Y."""
+    back = -forward.normalized()
+    right = up_hint.cross(back)
+    if right.length < 1e-6:
+        right = Vector((1.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+    right.normalize()
+    up = back.cross(right).normalized()
+    return Matrix(
+        (
+            (right.x, up.x, back.x),
+            (right.y, up.y, back.y),
+            (right.z, up.z, back.z),
+        )
+    ).to_quaternion()
+
+
+class BIM_OT_add_clip_box(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.add_clip_box"
+    bl_label = "Add Clip Box"
+    bl_description = (
+        "Create a clip box empty at the 3D cursor. The empty's location, rotation, and scale "
+        "drive the viewport clip planes; resize with S, move with G, rotate with R"
+    )
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        # Default to a 20m cube (scale 10 around [-1, +1] local cube) so
+        # the volume covers a typical building storey or two rather than
+        # the meaningless 2m unit cube. The user resizes with S.
+        matrix = Matrix.Translation(context.scene.cursor.location.copy()) @ Matrix.Diagonal((10.0, 10.0, 10.0, 1.0))
+        tool.ClipBox.create_clip_box_empty(context, matrix, name=CLIP_BOX_NAME)
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_add_clip_box_for_source(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.add_clip_box_for_source"
+    bl_label = "Add Clip Box From Source"
+    bl_description = (
+        "Create a clip box sized to a chosen source: a spatial container, IFC type, material, "
+        "profile, drawing camera frustum, element status, system, group, or zone"
+    )
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    source_kind: bpy.props.EnumProperty(
+        name="Source Kind",
+        items=[(kind, label, "") for kind, label in SOURCE_KIND_LABELS.items()],
+        default="SPATIAL",
+        options={"SKIP_SAVE"},
+    )
+    source_id: bpy.props.EnumProperty(
+        name="Source",
+        items=_source_id_items,
+        options={"SKIP_SAVE"},
+    )
+
+    def invoke(self, context, event):
+        return context.window_manager.invoke_props_dialog(self)
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        layout = self.layout
+        label = f"Clip {SOURCE_KIND_LABELS.get(self.source_kind, 'Source')}"
+        # Search button appears once the enum exceeds the helper's threshold,
+        # giving the user a popup picker instead of a plain dropdown.
+        prop_with_search(layout, self, "source_id", text=label)
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        if not self.source_id or self.source_id == data.NO_OPTIONS_ID:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "No source selected.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        matrix = tool.ClipBox.compute_matrix_for_source(self.source_kind, self.source_id)
+        if matrix is None:
+            kind_label = SOURCE_KIND_LABELS.get(self.source_kind, self.source_kind)
+            self.report(
+                {"ERROR"},
+                f"No elements found for {kind_label} '{_source_display_name(self.source_kind, self.source_id)}'.",
+            )
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        name = f"ClipBox.{SOURCE_KIND_LABELS.get(self.source_kind, self.source_kind)}.{_source_display_name(self.source_kind, self.source_id)}"
+        tool.ClipBox.create_clip_box_empty(context, matrix, name=name)
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_remove_clip_box(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.remove_clip_box"
+    bl_label = "Remove Clip Box"
+    bl_description = "Remove this clip box and its host empty"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    index: bpy.props.IntProperty(default=-1, options={"SKIP_SAVE"})
+    delete_object: bpy.props.BoolProperty(default=True, name="Delete Host Object")
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(context.scene)
+        index = self.index if self.index >= 0 else scene_props.active_clip_box_index
+        if index < 0 or index >= len(scene_props.clip_boxes):
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
+        entry = scene_props.clip_boxes[index]
+        obj = entry.obj
+        scene_props.clip_boxes.remove(index)
+        if scene_props.active_clip_box_index >= len(scene_props.clip_boxes):
+            scene_props.active_clip_box_index = max(0, len(scene_props.clip_boxes) - 1)
+
+        if self.delete_object and obj is not None:
+            bpy.data.objects.remove(obj, do_unlink=True)
+
+        tool.ClipBox.refresh(context.scene)
+        tool.ClipBox.save_to_project_pset(context.scene)
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_set_active_clip_box(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.set_active_clip_box"
+    bl_label = "Set Active Clip Box"
+    bl_description = "Set this clip box as the active one driving the viewport clip"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    index: bpy.props.IntProperty(default=-1, options={"SKIP_SAVE"})
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(context.scene)
+        if self.index < 0 or self.index >= len(scene_props.clip_boxes):
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        scene_props.active_clip_box_index = self.index
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_toggle_clip_box_enabled(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.toggle_clip_box_enabled"
+    bl_label = "Toggle Clip Box"
+    bl_description = "Toggle whether the active clip box is driving the viewport clip planes"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(context.scene)
+        scene_props.enabled = not scene_props.enabled
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_duplicate_clip_box(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.duplicate_clip_box"
+    bl_label = "Duplicate Clip Box"
+    bl_description = "Duplicate this clip box: copy its empty + matrix into a new entry"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    index: bpy.props.IntProperty(default=-1, options={"SKIP_SAVE"})
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(context.scene)
+        source_index = self.index if self.index >= 0 else scene_props.active_clip_box_index
+        if source_index < 0 or source_index >= len(scene_props.clip_boxes):
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        source = scene_props.clip_boxes[source_index].obj
+        if source is None:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
+        copy = tool.ClipBox.create_clip_box_empty(context, source.matrix_world.copy(), name=source.name)
+        # Preserve the source's display attrs so the duplicate matches.
+        copy.empty_display_type = source.empty_display_type
+        copy.empty_display_size = source.empty_display_size
+        copy.show_in_front = source.show_in_front
+        return {"FINISHED"}

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/clip_box/prop.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import bpy
+from bpy.types import PropertyGroup
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from bonsai.bim.prop import ObjProperty
+
+
+class BIMClipBoxProperties(PropertyGroup):
+    """Per-object marker for a clip-box host empty.
+
+    The host empty's ``matrix_world`` is the single source of truth for
+    the clip box's pose and dimensions: translation = box centre,
+    rotation = box orientation, per-axis scale = world half-extents. The
+    visible cube comes from the empty's CUBE display.
+
+    Only ``is_clip_box`` lives here; visibility (``enabled``) and overlay
+    (``show_caps``) are global per-file and live on the Scene PG.
+    """
+
+    is_clip_box: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        default=False,
+        description="True when this empty was created as a clip-box host. Internal flag; not user-edited.",
+    )
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        is_clip_box: bool
+
+
+def update_active_clip_box_index(self, context):
+    tool.ClipBox.schedule_refresh()
+    tool.ClipBox.select_active_clip_box(context)
+    # Rebuild caps for the new active box's clip volume.
+    tool.ClipBox.invalidate_cap_cache(immediate=True)
+
+
+def update_show_caps(self, context):
+    tool.ClipBox.schedule_refresh()
+    # Off → on must trigger a rebuild so caps reappear immediately rather
+    # than wait for the next depsgraph tick. The rebuild is a no-op when
+    # show_caps is now False (it clears and returns), so this is safe in
+    # both directions.
+    tool.ClipBox.invalidate_cap_cache()
+
+
+def update_enabled(self, context):
+    tool.ClipBox.schedule_refresh()
+
+
+def update_clip_only_ifc_products(self, context):
+    # The eligibility set for capping changed — drop the cache and let the
+    # debounced rebuild pick up the new objects on the next idle tick.
+    tool.ClipBox.invalidate_cap_cache()
+
+
+def update_include_linked_ifc(self, context):
+    tool.ClipBox.invalidate_cap_cache()
+
+
+class BIMSceneClipBoxProperties(PropertyGroup):
+    """Scene-level registry of clip boxes in this file.
+
+    Multiple boxes may exist; ``active_clip_box_index`` selects which one
+    drives the viewport clip at any time. ``enabled`` and ``show_caps``
+    are global because the user's intent ("hide everything outside the
+    box", "draw cap overlays") applies file-wide, not per box.
+
+    ``enabled`` is intentionally not persisted to the project pset:
+    opening a fresh IFC should never silently hide geometry behind a
+    remembered toggle. Selecting any clip-box empty in the viewport
+    re-arms it (see :meth:`tool.ClipBox._sync_active_to_selection`).
+    """
+
+    clip_boxes: bpy.props.CollectionProperty(type=ObjProperty)
+    active_clip_box_index: bpy.props.IntProperty(
+        default=0,
+        min=0,
+        update=update_active_clip_box_index,
+        description="Index of the clip box currently driving the viewport clip planes",
+    )
+    enabled: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Enabled",
+        default=False,
+        update=update_enabled,
+        description="When enabled, the active clip box hides all viewport geometry outside its 6 faces",
+    )
+    show_caps: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Show Caps",
+        default=True,
+        update=update_show_caps,
+        description=(
+            "Draw filled cross-section caps where IFC product geometry "
+            "crosses the active clip planes. Disable for performance on "
+            "very heavy scenes"
+        ),
+    )
+    # Stored on the Scene PG so Blender persists it in the .blend; deliberately
+    # NOT written to the project pset so the IFC stays portable across users
+    # who may have different Blender-side reference geometry to clip.
+    clip_only_ifc_products: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Only IFC Products",
+        default=True,
+        update=update_clip_only_ifc_products,
+        description=(
+            "When enabled, only IFC element geometry gets cross-section caps. "
+            "Disable to also cap Blender-side reference meshes (sketches, "
+            "imported obj, primitive cubes, …)"
+        ),
+    )
+    # Opt-in inclusion of geometry sitting inside loaded Project › Links
+    # collection-instance empties. Off by default — linked IFCs commonly
+    # carry the entire site / structural / MEP context, and bisecting
+    # them on every clip-box edit can be expensive.
+    include_linked_ifc: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Include Linked IFC",
+        default=False,
+        update=update_include_linked_ifc,
+        description=(
+            "Also generate cross-section caps for geometry inside linked "
+            "IFC files (Project ▸ Links). Off by default — linked IFCs may "
+            "carry the entire site / structural backbone, and capping them "
+            "adds per-mesh bisect cost on every clip-box edit"
+        ),
+    )
+    # Also Scene-only — gizmo visibility is a per-user editing preference,
+    # not a portable IFC property.
+    enable_gizmos: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Show Face Handles",
+        default=True,
+        description=(
+            "Show interactive face-resize handles on the active clip box. "
+            "Disable to fall back to plain G/R/S transforms on the empty"
+        ),
+    )
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        active_clip_box_index: int
+        enabled: bool
+        show_caps: bool
+        clip_only_ifc_products: bool
+        include_linked_ifc: bool
+        enable_gizmos: bool

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/clip_box/ui.py

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from bpy.types import Menu, Panel, UIList
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+# Per-kind icon for the source-picker menu. Picked from Blender's built-in
+# icon set; semantically close to the kind so users can scan the menu visually.
+_SOURCE_MENU_ENTRIES: tuple[tuple[str, str, str], ...] = (
+    ("SPATIAL", "Clip Spatial Element", "OUTLINER_COLLECTION"),
+    ("CLASS", "Clip by Class", "BLANK1"),
+    ("TYPE", "Clip Type", "FILE_3D"),
+    ("MATERIAL", "Clip Material", "MATERIAL"),
+    ("PROFILE", "Clip Profile", "MESH_CIRCLE"),
+    ("DRAWING", "Clip Drawing Extents", "CAMERA_DATA"),
+    ("STATUS", "Clip by Status", "INFO"),
+    ("SYSTEM", "Clip by System", "MOD_FLUID"),
+    ("GROUP", "Clip by Group", "OUTLINER_OB_GROUP_INSTANCE"),
+    ("ZONE", "Clip by Zone", "MOD_LATTICE"),
+)
+
+
+class BIM_MT_clip_box_add_for_source(Menu):
+    bl_idname = "BIM_MT_clip_box_add_for_source"
+    bl_label = "Add Clip Box From Source"
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        layout = self.layout
+        for kind, label, icon in _SOURCE_MENU_ENTRIES:
+            op = layout.operator("bim.add_clip_box_for_source", text=label, icon=icon)
+            op.source_kind = kind
+
+
+class BIM_MT_clip_box_settings(Menu):
+    bl_idname = "BIM_MT_clip_box_settings"
+    bl_label = "Clip Box Settings"
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(context.scene)
+        self.layout.prop(scene_props, "clip_only_ifc_products")
+        self.layout.prop(scene_props, "include_linked_ifc")
+        self.layout.prop(scene_props, "enable_gizmos")
+
+
+class BIM_MT_clip_box_info(Menu):
+    bl_idname = "BIM_MT_clip_box_info"
+    bl_label = "Clip Box Face Handles"
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        layout = self.layout
+        layout.label(text="Face Handles", icon="INFO")
+        layout.separator()
+        layout.label(text="Drag a face to resize the clip box on that axis.")
+        layout.label(text="The opposite face stays fixed (one-sided resize).")
+        layout.label(text="Ctrl+Click a face to align the viewport to it.")
+        layout.separator()
+        layout.label(text="Toggle handles from the Settings (gear) menu.")
+
+
+class BIM_UL_clip_box(UIList):
+    def draw_item(self, context, layout, data, item, icon, active_data, active_propname, index, flt_flag):
+        obj = item.obj
+        row = layout.row(align=True)
+        if obj is None:
+            # Host empty was deleted from outliner; still expose the
+            # remove button so the orphan entry isn't permanent.
+            row.label(text="(missing)", icon="ERROR")
+            row.operator("bim.remove_clip_box", text="", icon="X", emboss=False).index = index
+            return
+        row.prop(obj, "name", text="", emboss=False, icon="MESH_CUBE")
+        row.operator("bim.duplicate_clip_box", text="", icon="DUPLICATE", emboss=False).index = index
+        row.operator("bim.remove_clip_box", text="", icon="X", emboss=False).index = index
+
+
+class BIM_PT_clip_box(Panel):
+    bl_idname = "BIM_PT_clip_box"
+    bl_label = "Clip Box"
+    bl_space_type = "PROPERTIES"
+    bl_region_type = "WINDOW"
+    bl_context = "scene"
+    bl_options = {"DEFAULT_CLOSED"}
+    bl_parent_id = "BIM_PT_tab_sandbox"
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        layout = self.layout
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(context.scene)
+
+        toggles = layout.row(align=True)
+        toggles.scale_y = 2.0
+        toggles.prop(
+            scene_props,
+            "enabled",
+            text="Enable Clipping",
+            icon="HIDE_OFF" if scene_props.enabled else "HIDE_ON",
+            toggle=True,
+        )
+        toggles.prop(scene_props, "show_caps", text="Show Caps", icon="MOD_SOLIDIFY", toggle=True)
+        toggles.menu("BIM_MT_clip_box_settings", icon="PREFERENCES", text="")
+        toggles.menu("BIM_MT_clip_box_info", icon="INFO", text="")
+
+        layout.separator()
+        row = layout.row(align=True)
+        row.operator("bim.add_clip_box", icon="ADD", text="Add Clip Box")
+        row.menu("BIM_MT_clip_box_add_for_source", icon="DOWNARROW_HLT", text="")
+
+        layout.template_list(
+            "BIM_UL_clip_box",
+            "",
+            scene_props,
+            "clip_boxes",
+            scene_props,
+            "active_clip_box_index",
+            rows=3,
+        )
+
+        obj = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box(context.scene)
+        if obj is None:
+            layout.label(text="No active clip box", icon="INFO")
+            return
+
+        col = layout.column(align=True)
+        col.label(text="Edit the empty with G / R / S to move / rotate / resize")
+        col.prop(obj, "location")
+        col.prop(obj, "rotation_euler")
+        col.prop(obj, "scale")

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/drawing/gizmos.py

@@ -159,6 +159,38 @@ _SPECIAL = {"=", " "}  # Formula prefix, spaces
 NUMERIC_INPUT_CHARS = _DIGITS | _OPERATORS | _METRIC_UNITS | _IMPERIAL_UNITS | _SPECIAL
 
 
+def _is_transform_modal_active(context) -> bool:
+    """Module-local alias for ``tool.Blender.is_transform_modal_active``.
+
+    Preserved as a name so AST scans and call sites in this file stay
+    decoupled from the helper's home module.
+    """
+    return tool.Blender.is_transform_modal_active(context)
+
+
+def _hide_all_non_modal_gizmos(group) -> None:
+    """Set ``hide = True`` on every gizmo in ``group`` whose own ``is_modal``
+    is False. Used by parametric ``draw_prepare`` to suppress visible
+    re-positioning while a transform modal is dragging ``matrix_world``."""
+    for gz in group.gizmos:
+        if not getattr(gz, "is_modal", False):
+            gz.hide = True
+
+
+def apply_transform_modal_draw_gate(group, context) -> bool:
+    """Combined gate for ``draw_prepare`` overrides: hide non-modal gizmos and
+    return ``True`` when a Blender transform modal is dragging matrix_world.
+
+    Returns ``False`` when no transform modal is active so callers can fall
+    through to their normal positioning logic. ``True`` means the caller must
+    early-return without touching matrix_basis — the hidden gizmos will be
+    re-shown on the next idle frame once the modal exits."""
+    if not _is_transform_modal_active(context):
+        return False
+    _hide_all_non_modal_gizmos(group)
+    return True
+
+
 class GizmoColor(Enum):
     """Color identifiers for dimension gizmos.
 
@@ -1694,6 +1726,33 @@ def billboarded_at(world_pos: Vector, billboard_rot: Matrix, scale: float = DEFA
     return Matrix.Translation(world_pos) @ billboard_rot @ Matrix.Scale(scale, 4)
 
 
+def billboarded_along_axis(
+    world_pos: Vector,
+    billboard_rot: Matrix,
+    axis_world: Vector,
+    scale: float = DEFAULT_BILLBOARD_SCALE,
+) -> Matrix:
+    """Composed matrix_basis like ``billboarded_at`` but with local +X
+    rotated about the camera-forward axis to align with ``axis_world``
+    projected onto the screen plane.
+
+    The gizmo still faces the camera (local +Z stays along camera-forward),
+    only its in-plane orientation changes. Falls back to plain
+    ``billboarded_at`` when the axis is near-parallel to the view direction
+    (no usable screen projection)."""
+    camera_forward = billboard_rot @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
+    projected = axis_world - camera_forward * axis_world.dot(camera_forward)
+    if projected.length < 1e-4:
+        return billboarded_at(world_pos, billboard_rot, scale)
+    projected.normalize()
+    y_axis = camera_forward.cross(projected).normalized()
+    rot = Matrix.Identity(4)
+    rot[0][:3] = (projected.x, y_axis.x, camera_forward.x)
+    rot[1][:3] = (projected.y, y_axis.y, camera_forward.y)
+    rot[2][:3] = (projected.z, y_axis.z, camera_forward.z)
+    return Matrix.Translation(world_pos) @ rot @ Matrix.Scale(scale, 4)
+
+
 def get_screen_up(billboard_rot: Matrix) -> Vector:
     """Camera's screen-up direction in world space — local +Y of the billboard
     rotation. Use to lift a gizmo above an anchor in a way that stays
@@ -3255,11 +3314,16 @@ class GizmoArc(StaticTrisGizmoMixin, bpy.types.Gizmo):
     """Static quarter-arc glyph for swing visualisation.
 
     Consumers needing the mirrored (RIGHT) visual apply a flip-X matrix to
-    ``matrix_basis``."""
+    ``matrix_basis``. ``outline_alpha = 0.0`` suppresses the inherited 8-pass
+    dark halo: an open curve has no enclosed silhouette for the dilation to
+    ring, so the offset passes read as ghost arcs rather than a uniform
+    outline. The arc's own cross-section thickness keeps it legible without
+    the halo."""
 
     bl_idname = "VIEW3D_GT_arc"
     __slots__ = ("custom_shape",)
     tris = ARC_TRIS_DEFAULT
+    outline_alpha = 0.0
 
 
 def _link_toggle_icon_tris(broken: bool) -> tuple[tuple[float, float, float], ...]:
@@ -4786,7 +4850,14 @@ class GizmoDimension(GizmoMovable):
 
         self.init_value = click_distance
 
-        if self.initial_snap_state and self.active_obj:
+        # Schematic gizmos opt out of dimension snap. Force the header
+        # indicator to ``off`` for the drag's duration so the user sees the
+        # state matches behaviour; ``exit`` restores ``initial_snap_state``.
+        # Skipping the snap cache here also avoids the per-drag mesh probe.
+        snap_supported = getattr(self.gizmo_group, "snap_enabled_on_dimensions", True)
+        if not snap_supported:
+            context.scene.tool_settings.use_snap = False
+        elif self.initial_snap_state and self.active_obj:
             build_snap_cache(context, self.active_obj)
             self._snap_cache_built = True
 
@@ -4828,11 +4899,18 @@ class GizmoDimension(GizmoMovable):
         if not region or not rv3d:
             return {"RUNNING_MODAL"}
 
-        tool_settings.use_snap = not self.initial_snap_state if event.ctrl else self.initial_snap_state
+        # Group-level opt-out: schematic gizmos float in viewport space, so
+        # global-snap-to-scene-vertices would produce spurious value jumps.
+        # The fallback (``True``) covers any gizmo whose group is not a
+        # ``BaseParametricGizmoGroup``.
+        snap_supported = getattr(self.gizmo_group, "snap_enabled_on_dimensions", True)
 
-        if tool_settings.use_snap and not self._snap_cache_built and self.active_obj:
-            build_snap_cache(context, self.active_obj)
-            self._snap_cache_built = True
+        if snap_supported:
+            tool_settings.use_snap = not self.initial_snap_state if event.ctrl else self.initial_snap_state
+
+            if tool_settings.use_snap and not self._snap_cache_built and self.active_obj:
+                build_snap_cache(context, self.active_obj)
+                self._snap_cache_built = True
 
         current_coord = (event.mouse_region_x, event.mouse_region_y)
 
@@ -4856,7 +4934,7 @@ class GizmoDimension(GizmoMovable):
 
         delta = (current_3d - self.start_location).dot(axis_direction)
 
-        if tool_settings.use_snap and self.active_obj:
+        if snap_supported and tool_settings.use_snap and self.active_obj:
             # Snap the dimension tip (not mouse position) to target
             # Calculate where the dimension tip would be with current delta
             # The tip is at: gizmo_origin + axis * (init_value + delta)
@@ -4998,6 +5076,8 @@ class BillboardingGizmoGroupMixin:
         self.position_gizmos(context)
 
     def draw_prepare(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        if apply_transform_modal_draw_gate(self, context):
+            return
         self.position_gizmos(context)
 
     def setup_icon_gizmo(
@@ -5227,6 +5307,13 @@ class BaseParametricGizmoGroup:
     # Pre-computed flip matrix for negative value handling (180° rotation around Z)
     FLIP_MATRIX = Matrix.Rotation(math.pi, 4, "Z")
 
+    # Default: dimension drags respect Blender's global snap (Ctrl-toggleable
+    # during drag). Subclasses whose dimensions float in viewport space rather
+    # than aligning to real-world geometry should override to ``False`` —
+    # snapping to scene vertices in that case produces spurious value jumps
+    # as the mouse crosses unrelated meshes.
+    snap_enabled_on_dimensions: bool = True
+
     # === Icon Gizmo Layout (meters) ===
     # Icons are positioned in a horizontal row above the element:
     #   [Validate] [Cancel] [Cycle]
@@ -5652,6 +5739,8 @@ class BaseParametricGizmoGroup:
 
         if preview_base.any_preview_active(context):
             return False
+        if _is_transform_modal_active(context):
+            return False
         if cls.gizmo_pref_name:
             prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
             if not getattr(prefs.gizmos, cls.gizmo_pref_name, True):
@@ -6416,6 +6505,8 @@ class BaseParametricGizmoGroup:
         """
         if not self.is_setup_complete():
             return
+        if apply_transform_modal_draw_gate(self, context):
+            return
         obj = context.active_object
         if not obj:
             return
@@ -6483,6 +6574,11 @@ class BaseSchematicGizmoGroup(BaseParametricGizmoGroup):
     # list and become no-ops. The schematic equivalents below take their place.
     dimension_gizmo_props: list[DimensionGizmoConfig] = []
 
+    # Schematic dimensions float in billboarded viewport space, not aligned to
+    # real-world geometry. Snapping the dragged tip to scene vertices would
+    # produce nonsensical value jumps as the mouse crosses unrelated meshes.
+    snap_enabled_on_dimensions: bool = False
+
     # Declarative dimension configuration consumed by ``setup_schematic_dimensions``
     # and ``update_schematic_dimensions``. Each config produces one
     # ``BIM_GT_gizmo_dimension`` instance positioned at a schematic-local
@@ -6622,6 +6718,8 @@ class BaseSchematicGizmoGroup(BaseParametricGizmoGroup):
     def draw_prepare(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
         if not self.is_setup_complete():
             return
+        if apply_transform_modal_draw_gate(self, context):
+            return
         obj = context.active_object
         if not obj:
             return
@@ -7028,6 +7126,8 @@ class BaseIconActionGroup(BillboardingGizmoGroupMixin):
             return False
         if not tool.Blender.are_viewport_gizmos_enabled():
             return False
+        if _is_transform_modal_active(context):
+            return False
         return cls.is_eligible_object(obj)
 
     def setup(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/geometry/operator.py

@@ -546,6 +546,13 @@ class UpdateRepresentation(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
         objs = [bpy.data.objects[obj_name]] if obj_name else context.selected_objects
         self.file = tool.Ifc.get()
 
+        # Tessellated face sets (IfcTriangulatedFaceSet/IfcPolygonalFaceSet) were
+        # introduced in IFC4 and do not exist in IFC2X3. Catch this early so we
+        # don't silently fall back to a faceted brep after stripping materials.
+        if self.ifc_representation_class == "IfcTessellatedFaceSet" and self.file.schema == "IFC2X3":
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Tessellated face sets are not supported in IFC2X3.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
         for obj in objs:
             # TODO: write unit tests to see how this bulk operation handles
             # contradictory ifc_representation_class values and when
@@ -883,6 +890,16 @@ class OverrideDelete(bpy.types.Operator):
         # Track aggregates before deleting their parts
         aggregates_to_check = self.track_aggregates(objects_to_remove)
 
+        # Snapshot the set of IFC entity ids being deleted in this batch so the
+        # connection-rel cascade inside `delete_ifc_object` can suppress
+        # partner-side regenerate when the partner is also about to vanish.
+        batch_being_deleted_ids: set[int] = set()
+        for obj in objects_to_remove:
+            if not tool.Blender.is_valid_data_block(obj):
+                continue
+            if (entity := tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)) is not None:
+                batch_being_deleted_ids.add(entity.id())
+
         clear_active_object = True
 
         for i, obj in enumerate(objects_to_remove, 1):
@@ -924,7 +941,7 @@ class OverrideDelete(bpy.types.Operator):
                 if tool.Drawing.is_auto_annotation(element):
                     self.report({"INFO"}, "References cannot be deleted. Exclude the referenced element instead.")
                     continue
-                tool.Geometry.delete_ifc_object(obj)
+                tool.Geometry.delete_ifc_object(obj, batch_being_deleted_ids=batch_being_deleted_ids)
             elif tool.Geometry.is_representation_item(obj):
                 tool.Geometry.delete_ifc_item(obj)
             else:
@@ -1023,7 +1040,10 @@ class OverrideDelete(bpy.types.Operator):
             pset = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_pset(element, "BBIM_Array")
             if not pset:
                 continue
-            array_parents.add(ifc_file.by_guid(pset["Parent"]))
+            try:
+                array_parents.add(ifc_file.by_guid(pset["Parent"]))
+            except RuntimeError:
+                continue
 
         for array_parent in array_parents:
             array_parent_obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(array_parent)
@@ -3166,7 +3186,7 @@ class EnableEditingRepresentationItems(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
                 product_reps = element.RepresentationMaps
             item_aspect = {}
             for product_rep in product_reps:
-                for aspect in product_rep.HasShapeAspects:
+                for aspect in getattr(product_rep, "HasShapeAspects", ()):
                     for aspect_rep in aspect.ShapeRepresentations:
                         if aspect_rep.ContextOfItems != representation.ContextOfItems:
                             continue

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/__init__.py

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ from . import (
     handler,
     host_add_opening_gizmo,
     mep,
+    mep_bend_preview,
     opening,
     product,
     profile,
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ classes = (
     product.SetActiveType,
     workspace.Hotkey,
     workspace.BIM_MT_add_representation_item,
+    wall.AddPerpendicularWall,
     wall.AddWallsFromSlab,
     wall.AlignWall,
     wall.CancelEditingWall,
@@ -108,6 +110,9 @@ classes = (
     wall.GizmoWallFilletPreview,
     wall.GizmoWallFilletReedit,
     wall.GizmoWallFilletToggleOpenings,
+    wall.GizmoPairDisconnect,
+    wall.GizmoSlabEdition,
+    wall.GizmoSlabUnjoinWalls,
     wall.GizmoWallJoinIntersection,
     wall.GizmoWallLinkToggle,
     wall.GizmoWallUnjoinSingle,
@@ -118,7 +123,7 @@ classes = (
     wall.RotateWall90,
     wall.SplitWall,
     wall.SplitWallAtCursor,
-    wall.UnjoinWallPathConnection,
+    wall.DisconnectElements,
     wall.UnjoinWalls,
     wall.EnableWallFilletPreview,
     wall.FinishWallFilletPreview,
@@ -152,11 +157,14 @@ classes = (
     slab.DisableEditingExtrusionProfile,
     slab.DisableEditingSketchExtrusionProfile,
     slab.AddSlabFromWall,
+    slab.CancelEditingSlab,
     slab.DrawPolylineSlab,
     slab.EditExtrusionProfile,
     slab.EditSketchExtrusionProfile,
     slab.EnableEditingExtrusionProfile,
     slab.EnableEditingSketchExtrusionProfile,
+    slab.EnableEditingSlab,
+    slab.FinishEditingSlab,
     slab.RecalculateSlab,
     slab.ResetVertex,
     slab.SetArcIndex,
@@ -183,11 +191,16 @@ classes = (
     prop.BIMDoorProperties,
     prop.BIMRailingProperties,
     prop.BIMRoofProperties,
+    prop.BIMSlabProperties,
     prop.BIMWallProperties,
+    prop.BIMPipeSegmentProperties,
+    prop.BIMDuctSegmentProperties,
     prop.BIMPolylineProperties,
     prop.BIMExternalParametricGeometryProperties,
+    prop.BIMBendPreviewProperties,
     prop.BIMWallFilletPreviewProperties,
     prop.BIMPreviewProperties,
+    prop.BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs,
     ui.BIM_PT_array,
     ui.BIM_PT_stair,
     ui.BIM_PT_wall,
@@ -240,9 +253,13 @@ classes = (
     railing.CopyRailingParameters,
     railing.AddRailing,
     railing.CancelEditingRailing,
+    railing.CycleRailingType,
     railing.FinishEditingRailing,
+    railing.PickRailingTerminalType,
     railing.FlipRailingPathOrder,
     railing.EnableEditingRailing,
+    railing.GizmoRailingSchematic,
+    railing.ToggleRailingUseManualSupports,
     railing.CancelEditingRailingPath,
     railing.FinishEditingRailingPath,
     railing.EnableEditingRailingPath,
@@ -263,6 +280,27 @@ classes = (
     mep.MEPAddObstruction,
     mep.MEPAddTransition,
     mep.MEPAddBend,
+    mep.MEPRemoveTerminalFitting,
+    mep.SelectMEPPathMembers,
+    mep.MEPJoinSegments,
+    mep_bend_preview.EnableBendPreview,
+    mep_bend_preview.FinishBendPreview,
+    mep_bend_preview.CancelBendPreview,
+    mep_bend_preview.EnableBendPreviewFromBend,
+    mep_bend_preview.GizmoBendPreview,
+    mep.EnableEditingPipeSegment,
+    mep.FinishEditingPipeSegment,
+    mep.CancelEditingPipeSegment,
+    mep.EnableEditingDuctSegment,
+    mep.FinishEditingDuctSegment,
+    mep.CancelEditingDuctSegment,
+    mep.ExtendPipeSegmentToCursor,
+    mep.ExtendDuctSegmentToCursor,
+    mep.SplitPipeSegmentAtCursor,
+    mep.SplitDuctSegmentAtCursor,
+    mep.GizmoPipeSegmentEdition,
+    mep.GizmoDuctSegmentEdition,
+    mep.GizmoMEPActions,
     external.ApplyExternalParametricGeometry,
 )
 
@@ -322,6 +360,9 @@ def register():
         type=prop.BIMExternalParametricGeometryProperties
     )
     bpy.types.Scene.BIMPreviewProperties = bpy.props.PointerProperty(type=prop.BIMPreviewProperties)
+    bpy.types.WindowManager.BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs = bpy.props.PointerProperty(
+        type=prop.BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs
+    )
 
     bpy.types.VIEW3D_MT_add.prepend(ui.add_menu)
     bpy.app.handlers.load_post.append(handler.load_post)
@@ -336,6 +377,11 @@ def unregister():
     # half-unloaded module state.
     opening.DecorationsHandler.uninstall()
 
+    # Network path overlays attach SpaceView3D draw handlers on toggle;
+    # uninstall here so addon disable / Blender shutdown doesn't leak them.
+    decorator.MEPSystemPathDecorator.uninstall()
+    decorator.WallSystemPathDecorator.uninstall()
+
     if not bpy.app.background:
         for tool_data in reversed(tools):
             bpy.utils.unregister_tool(tool_data.tool)
@@ -347,6 +393,7 @@ def unregister():
     tool.Parametric.unregister_object_properties()
     del bpy.types.Object.BIMExternalParametricGeometryProperties
     del bpy.types.Scene.BIMPreviewProperties
+    del bpy.types.WindowManager.BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs
 
     bpy.app.handlers.load_post.remove(handler.load_post)
     bpy.types.VIEW3D_MT_add.remove(ui.add_menu)

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/array.py

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was modified with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
 
 import json
 from typing import ClassVar
@@ -421,7 +423,11 @@ class RegenerateArray(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
         pset = tool.Ifc.get().by_id(pset["id"])
         for array in arrays:
             for child in set(array["children"]):
-                if child_obj := tool.Ifc.get_object(tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(child)):
+                try:
+                    child_element = tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(child)
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    continue
+                if child_obj := tool.Ifc.get_object(child_element):
                     tool.Geometry.delete_ifc_object(child_obj)
             array["children"].clear()
         # Always operate on the parent — this operator can be invoked with
@@ -881,6 +887,36 @@ class EnableEditingParametric(bpy.types.Operator):
         default="",
         description="Operator bl_idname to invoke (e.g., 'bim.enable_editing_door').",
     )
+    sibling_count: bpy.props.IntProperty(default=0, options={"HIDDEN"})
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def should_show_shared_rep_dialog(*, suppress: bool, has_entity: bool, sibling_count: int) -> bool:
+        """Pure decision for the pre-edit warning. Returns ``True`` only when the
+        edit will silently mutate other elements' geometry AND the user has not
+        opted out of the warning for this session."""
+        if suppress or not has_entity:
+            return False
+        return sibling_count > 0
+
+    def invoke(self, context, event):
+        prefs = getattr(context.window_manager, "BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs", None)
+        suppress = bool(prefs and prefs.suppress_shared_rep_warning)
+        obj = context.active_object
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj) if obj else None
+        self.sibling_count = tool.Model.get_sibling_occurrence_count(element) if element is not None else 0
+        if self.should_show_shared_rep_dialog(
+            suppress=suppress, has_entity=element is not None, sibling_count=self.sibling_count
+        ):
+            return context.window_manager.invoke_props_dialog(self, width=400)
+        return self.execute(context)
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        layout = self.layout
+        layout.label(text="Shared geometry", icon="ERROR")
+        layout.label(text=f"Geometry is shared with {self.sibling_count} other element(s).")
+        layout.label(text="Edits will affect them too.")
+        prefs = context.window_manager.BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs
+        layout.prop(prefs, "suppress_shared_rep_warning", text="Don't show this again for this session")
 
     def execute(self, context):
         # Malformed ``feature_enable_op`` (missing dot) would otherwise crash

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/data.py

@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ class AuthoringData:
 
     @classmethod
     def load(cls, ifc_element_type: Optional[str] = None):
+        # ``is_loaded`` is set first as a recursion guard: one of the data
+        # computations evaluates a PropertyGroup enum's ``items`` callback,
+        # which re-enters this method. Without the guard, load recurses to
+        # RecursionError.
         cls.is_loaded = True
         cls.props = tool.Model.get_model_props()
         cls.data["default_container"] = cls.default_container()

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/decorator.py

@@ -15,12 +15,15 @@
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was modified with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import math
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from math import cos, pi, radians, sin, tan
-from typing import Any, Literal
+from typing import Any, Literal, NamedTuple
 
 import blf
 import bmesh
@@ -41,6 +44,12 @@ from mathutils import Matrix, Quaternion, Vector
 
 import bonsai.core.geometry
 import bonsai.tool as tool
+from bonsai.bim.decorator_cache import TokenCache
+from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import (
+    ARC_SEGMENTS,
+    DOOR_SWING_ANGLE_MAX,
+    DOOR_SWING_ANGLE_MIN,
+)
 from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.helper import format_distance
 
 
@@ -55,6 +64,41 @@ def highlight_color(color, alpha=0.1):
     return color
 
 
+def _stroke_lines_alpha(
+    context: bpy.types.Context,
+    segments: list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
+    color_rgb: tuple[float, float, float],
+    line_width: float,
+    line_alpha: float,
+) -> None:
+    """Render ``segments`` (a list of (start, end) tuples) as one anti-aliased
+    LINES batch in world space. Early-returns when ``context.region`` is
+    unavailable (e.g. when called from a ``_RestrictContext``)."""
+    if not segments:
+        return
+    verts: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+    indices: list[tuple[int, int]] = []
+    for start, end in segments:
+        base = len(verts)
+        verts.append(tuple(start))
+        verts.append(tuple(end))
+        indices.append((base, base + 1))
+    if not tool.Blender.validate_shader_batch_data(verts, indices):
+        return
+    region = getattr(context, "region", None)
+    if region is None:
+        return
+    shader = gpu.shader.from_builtin("POLYLINE_UNIFORM_COLOR")
+    shader.bind()
+    shader.uniform_float("viewportSize", (region.width, region.height))
+    shader.uniform_float("lineWidth", line_width)
+    shader.uniform_float("color", (*color_rgb, line_alpha))
+    batch = batch_for_shader(shader, "LINES", {"pos": verts}, indices=indices)
+    gpu.state.blend_set("ALPHA")
+    batch.draw(shader)
+    gpu.state.blend_set("NONE")
+
+
 class ProfileDecorator:
     installed = None
 
@@ -88,15 +132,9 @@ class ProfileDecorator:
         batch.draw(shader)
 
     def draw_faces(self, bm, vertices_coords):
-        """mutates original bm (triangulates it)
-        so the triangulation edges will be shown too
-        """
-        traingulated_bm = bm
-        bmesh.ops.triangulate(traingulated_bm, faces=traingulated_bm.faces)
-
-        face_indices = [[v.index for v in f.verts] for f in traingulated_bm.faces]
+        """Submit a non-mutating beauty-triangulated TRIS batch over ``bm``'s faces."""
         faces_color = transparent_color(self.addon_prefs.decorator_color_special)
-        self.draw_batch("TRIS", vertices_coords, faces_color, face_indices)
+        tool.Blender.draw_bmesh_face_tris(bm, vertices_coords, faces_color, self.draw_batch)
 
     def __call__(self, context, get_custom_bmesh=None, draw_faces=False, exit_edit_mode_callback=None):
         self.addon_prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
@@ -2031,81 +2069,179 @@ class BoundingBoxDecorator:
                             co2.y -= y_overlap / 2 + min_spacing
 
 
-def _stroke_lines_alpha(
-    context: bpy.types.Context,
-    segments: list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
-    color_rgb: tuple[float, float, float],
-    line_width: float,
-    line_alpha: float,
-) -> None:
-    """Render ``segments`` (a list of ``(start, end)`` tuples) as one
-    anti-aliased LINES batch in world space. Early-returns when
-    ``context.region`` is unavailable (e.g. when called from a
-    ``_RestrictContext``)."""
-    if not segments:
-        return
-    verts: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
-    indices: list[tuple[int, int]] = []
-    for start, end in segments:
-        base = len(verts)
-        verts.append(tuple(start))
-        verts.append(tuple(end))
-        indices.append((base, base + 1))
-    if not tool.Blender.validate_shader_batch_data(verts, indices):
-        return
-    region = getattr(context, "region", None)
-    if region is None:
-        return
-    shader = gpu.shader.from_builtin("POLYLINE_UNIFORM_COLOR")
-    shader.bind()
-    shader.uniform_float("viewportSize", (region.width, region.height))
-    shader.uniform_float("lineWidth", line_width)
-    shader.uniform_float("color", (*color_rgb, line_alpha))
-    batch = batch_for_shader(shader, "LINES", {"pos": verts}, indices=indices)
-    gpu.state.blend_set("ALPHA")
-    batch.draw(shader)
-    gpu.state.blend_set("NONE")
+def compute_mep_join_location():
+    """Midpoint between the closest endpoint pair of two selected MEP
+    segments — the world location where a connecting fitting (bend /
+    transition) would land. Returns ``None`` when prerequisites aren't met
+    (wrong cardinality, mixed non-MEP)."""
+    selected = list(tool.Blender.get_selected_objects())
+    if len(selected) != 2:
+        return None
+    for obj in selected:
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        if element is None or not tool.System.is_mep_element(element):
+            return None
+    a_start, a_end = tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis(selected[0])
+    b_start, b_end = tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis(selected[1])
+    pairs = [(a_start, b_start), (a_start, b_end), (a_end, b_start), (a_end, b_end)]
+    closest = min(pairs, key=lambda p: (p[0] - p[1]).length)
+    return (closest[0] + closest[1]) * 0.5
 
 
-def _fill_quads_alpha(
-    context: bpy.types.Context,
-    quads: list[
-        tuple[
-            tuple[float, float, float],
-            tuple[float, float, float],
-            tuple[float, float, float],
-            tuple[float, float, float],
-        ]
-    ],
-    color_rgb: tuple[float, float, float],
-    alpha: float,
-) -> None:
-    """Render ``quads`` (each a 4-tuple of world-space corner verts in CCW
-    order) as one TRIS batch with two triangles per quad. Companion to
-    ``_stroke_lines_alpha`` for filled previews."""
-    if not quads:
-        return
-    verts: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
-    indices: list[tuple[int, int, int]] = []
-    for quad in quads:
-        if len(quad) != 4:
-            continue
-        base = len(verts)
-        verts.extend(tuple(v) for v in quad)
-        indices.append((base, base + 1, base + 2))
-        indices.append((base, base + 2, base + 3))
-    if not tool.Blender.validate_shader_batch_data(verts, indices):
-        return
-    region = getattr(context, "region", None)
-    if region is None:
-        return
-    shader = gpu.shader.from_builtin("UNIFORM_COLOR")
-    shader.bind()
-    shader.uniform_float("color", (*color_rgb, alpha))
-    batch = batch_for_shader(shader, "TRIS", {"pos": verts}, indices=indices)
-    gpu.state.blend_set("ALPHA")
-    batch.draw(shader)
-    gpu.state.blend_set("NONE")
+class MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
+    """Preview line for the MEP segment extend-to-cursor gizmo. Renders one
+    line from the segment's current end to the cursor's projection on the
+    segment's local Z axis when the extend icon is hovered. Self-gates every
+    draw on the viewport gizmo toggle and the per-feature ``extend`` pref."""
+
+    draw_method = "draw_line"
+
+    LINE_WIDTH = 1.5
+    LINE_ALPHA = 0.8
+
+    def draw_line(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        if not tool.Blender.are_viewport_gizmos_enabled():
+            return
+        prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
+
+        active = context.active_object
+        if active is None:
+            return
+        selected = list(tool.Blender.get_selected_objects())
+        if active not in selected or len(selected) != 1:
+            return
+
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(active)
+        if element is None:
+            return
+
+        from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import (
+            GizmoDuctSegmentEdition,
+            GizmoPipeSegmentEdition,
+        )
+
+        if tool.Parametric.is_pipe_segment(element):
+            gizmo_prefs = getattr(prefs.gizmos, "pipe_segment", None)
+            gizmo_cls = GizmoPipeSegmentEdition
+        elif tool.Parametric.is_duct_segment(element):
+            gizmo_prefs = getattr(prefs.gizmos, "duct_segment", None)
+            gizmo_cls = GizmoDuctSegmentEdition
+        else:
+            return
+        if gizmo_prefs is None or not getattr(gizmo_prefs, "enabled", True):
+            return
+        if not self._cursor_icon_hovered(gizmo_cls, "extend_gizmo", context):
+            return
+
+        current_length = max(c[2] for c in active.bound_box) if active.bound_box else 0.0
+        line = self._compute_extend_preview_line(active.matrix_world, context.scene.cursor.location, current_length)
+        if line is None:
+            return
+        start_world, end_world = line
+        color = tuple(prefs.decorator_color_selected[:3])
+        draw_polyline_segments(
+            context,
+            [(tuple(start_world), tuple(end_world))],
+            color,
+            self.LINE_ALPHA,
+            self.LINE_WIDTH,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _compute_extend_preview_line(
+        matrix_world: Matrix,
+        cursor_world: Vector,
+        current_length: float,
+    ) -> tuple[Vector, Vector] | None:
+        """Returns ``(current_end_world, target_end_world)`` or ``None`` when
+        no extend would happen (degenerate segment, or cursor on the existing
+        end). Target follows the cursor's raw local-Z projection unbounded —
+        the line stays visible past the segment origin (negative local Z)
+        because the user expects to see where they're pointing even when the
+        operator would floor it."""
+        if current_length <= 0:
+            return None
+        cursor_local = matrix_world.inverted() @ cursor_world
+        if abs(cursor_local.z - current_length) < 1e-6:
+            return None
+        current_end_world = matrix_world @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, current_length))
+        target_end_world = matrix_world @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, cursor_local.z))
+        return current_end_world, target_end_world
+
+
+class BendPreviewDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
+    """GPU preview lines for the bend-creation flow.
+
+    Polls on ``scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend.is_active`` and renders the
+    centerline + leg projections returned by ``mep.compute_bend_preview_polylines``.
+    The two leg lines (segment → tangent point) show how each segment will
+    be shortened; the arc polyline approximates the bend curve. On invalid
+    geometry, draws the two rejected axes in warning colour instead so the
+    user sees why the bend cannot be placed.
+
+    Installed once per Blender session from ``bim/handler.py:load_post``.
+    Cheap to leave running because the first thing ``draw`` does is check
+    ``is_active`` and return when False.
+    """
+
+    LINE_WIDTH_LEG = 1.5
+    LINE_WIDTH_ARC = 2.5
+    LINE_ALPHA = 0.7
+
+    def draw(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        scene = context.scene
+        preview = getattr(scene, "BIMPreviewProperties", None)
+        props = preview.bend if preview is not None else None
+        if props is None or not props.is_active:
+            return
+        ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+        if ifc_file is None:
+            return
+        try:
+            start_element = ifc_file.by_id(props.start_segment_id)
+            end_element = ifc_file.by_id(props.end_segment_id)
+        except Exception:
+            return
+        start_obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(start_element) if start_element else None
+        end_obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(end_element) if end_element else None
+        if start_obj is None or end_obj is None:
+            return
+
+        # Late import: decorator.py loads at addon enable but mep.py imports
+        # this module for the extend preview, so a module-level import would
+        # cycle.
+        from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+        preview = cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(
+            start_obj, end_obj, props.start_length, props.end_length, props.radius
+        )
+        prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
+
+        if not preview["valid"]:
+            warning_color = tuple(prefs.decorator_color_error[:3])
+            axes = preview.get("invalid_axes") or []
+            if axes:
+                segments = [(tuple(a), tuple(b)) for a, b in axes]
+                draw_polyline_segments(context, segments, warning_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC)
+            return
+
+        leg_color = tuple(prefs.decorations_colour[:3])
+        arc_color = tuple(prefs.decorator_color_selected[:3])
+
+        leg_a_far, leg_a_end = preview["leg_a"]
+        leg_b_far, leg_b_end = preview["leg_b"]
+        draw_polyline_segments(
+            context,
+            [(tuple(leg_a_far), tuple(leg_a_end)), (tuple(leg_b_far), tuple(leg_b_end))],
+            leg_color,
+            self.LINE_ALPHA,
+            self.LINE_WIDTH_LEG,
+        )
+
+        arc = preview["arc"]
+        if len(arc) >= 2:
+            arc_segments = [(tuple(arc[i]), tuple(arc[i + 1])) for i in range(len(arc) - 1)]
+            draw_polyline_segments(context, arc_segments, arc_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC)
 
 
 class WallFilletPreviewDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
@@ -2169,15 +2305,15 @@ class WallFilletPreviewDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
                         (tuple(far_a), tuple(tangent_a)),
                         (tuple(far_b), tuple(tangent_b)),
                     ]
-                    _stroke_lines_alpha(context, legs, warning_color, self.LINE_WIDTH_LEG, self.LINE_ALPHA)
+                    draw_polyline_segments(context, legs, warning_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_LEG)
                 arc = geom.get("arc") or []
                 if len(arc) >= 2:
                     arc_segments = [(tuple(arc[i]), tuple(arc[i + 1])) for i in range(len(arc) - 1)]
-                    _stroke_lines_alpha(context, arc_segments, warning_color, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC, self.LINE_ALPHA)
+                    draw_polyline_segments(context, arc_segments, warning_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC)
             elif geom.get("invalid_axes"):
                 axes = geom["invalid_axes"]
                 segments = [(tuple(a), tuple(b)) for a, b in axes]
-                _stroke_lines_alpha(context, segments, warning_color, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC, self.LINE_ALPHA)
+                draw_polyline_segments(context, segments, warning_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC)
             return
 
         leg_color = tuple(prefs.decorations_colour[:3])
@@ -2194,12 +2330,12 @@ class WallFilletPreviewDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
                 (tuple(far_a), tuple(geom["tangent_a"])),
                 (tuple(far_b), tuple(geom["tangent_b"])),
             ]
-            _stroke_lines_alpha(context, legs, leg_color, self.LINE_WIDTH_LEG, self.LINE_ALPHA)
+            draw_polyline_segments(context, legs, leg_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_LEG)
 
         arc = geom["arc"]
         if len(arc) >= 2:
             arc_segments = [(tuple(arc[i]), tuple(arc[i + 1])) for i in range(len(arc) - 1)]
-            _stroke_lines_alpha(context, arc_segments, arc_color, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC, self.LINE_ALPHA)
+            draw_polyline_segments(context, arc_segments, arc_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_ARC)
 
         # Dim construction lines from arc_center to each tangent point so
         # the radius reads as concrete during drag.
@@ -2209,7 +2345,9 @@ class WallFilletPreviewDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
                 (tuple(arc_center), tuple(geom["tangent_a"])),
                 (tuple(arc_center), tuple(geom["tangent_b"])),
             ]
-            _stroke_lines_alpha(context, construction, arc_color, self.LINE_WIDTH_CONSTRUCTION, self.CONSTRUCTION_ALPHA)
+            draw_polyline_segments(
+                context, construction, arc_color, self.CONSTRUCTION_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH_CONSTRUCTION
+            )
 
     @staticmethod
     def _far_endpoint(reference_line, intersection):
@@ -2220,6 +2358,120 @@ class WallFilletPreviewDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
         return p2 if d2 >= d1 else p1
 
 
+class _DoorSwingArc(NamedTuple):
+    """Parameters for one swing-arc draw call in door-local space."""
+
+    hinge_x: float
+    hinge_y: float
+    panel_width: float
+    x_mirror: bool
+
+
+def _visible_arcs(door_type: str, overall_width: float, lining_offset: float) -> list[_DoorSwingArc]:
+    """Arc specs for the parametric door swing visualisation, agnostic of
+    edit-mode state so the readonly preview and the editor view stay aligned.
+
+    Empty only for sliding-door types; unknown ``door_type`` values fall
+    through to a single left-hinged arc."""
+    if "SLIDING" in door_type:
+        return []
+    is_double = "DOUBLE_DOOR" in door_type
+    is_right_single = door_type.endswith("RIGHT") and not is_double
+    arcs = [
+        _DoorSwingArc(
+            hinge_x=overall_width if is_right_single else 0.0,
+            hinge_y=lining_offset,
+            panel_width=overall_width / 2 if is_double else overall_width,
+            x_mirror=is_right_single,
+        )
+    ]
+    if is_double:
+        arcs.append(
+            _DoorSwingArc(
+                hinge_x=overall_width,
+                hinge_y=lining_offset,
+                panel_width=overall_width / 2,
+                x_mirror=True,
+            )
+        )
+    return arcs
+
+
+# Unit quarter-arc samples shared with the edit-mode swing gizmo so the
+# readonly arc traces the same curve. Re-scaled per draw via the per-arc
+# transform.
+_DOOR_SWING_ARC_ANGLE_MIN_RAD = math.radians(DOOR_SWING_ANGLE_MIN)
+_DOOR_SWING_ARC_ANGLE_RANGE_RAD = math.radians(DOOR_SWING_ANGLE_MAX) - _DOOR_SWING_ARC_ANGLE_MIN_RAD
+_DOOR_SWING_ARC_UNIT_POINTS: tuple[Vector, ...] = tuple(
+    Vector(
+        (
+            math.cos(_DOOR_SWING_ARC_ANGLE_MIN_RAD + _DOOR_SWING_ARC_ANGLE_RANGE_RAD * (_i / ARC_SEGMENTS)),
+            math.sin(_DOOR_SWING_ARC_ANGLE_MIN_RAD + _DOOR_SWING_ARC_ANGLE_RANGE_RAD * (_i / ARC_SEGMENTS)),
+            0.0,
+        )
+    )
+    for _i in range(ARC_SEGMENTS + 1)
+)
+
+
+class DoorSwingReadonlyDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
+    """Always-on swing-arc preview for the active Bonsai-parametric IfcDoor
+    when it is not currently in parametric edit mode. Matches the visual
+    contract of the parametric door's swing-arc gizmos so the hinge side
+    and opening direction can be read without entering edit mode.
+
+    Silent-skip cases (no draw, no error):
+
+    - active object missing / not selected / not an IfcDoor;
+    - door is mid-edit (the swing gizmo is already painting the arc);
+    - door has no ``BBIM_Door`` pset (legacy import, never edited in Bonsai)."""
+
+    LINE_WIDTH = 1.5
+    LINE_ALPHA = 0.8
+
+    def draw(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        obj = context.active_object
+        if obj is None or not obj.select_get():
+            return
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        if element is None or not element.is_a("IfcDoor"):
+            return
+        props = getattr(obj, "BIMDoorProperties", None)
+        if props is not None and props.is_editing:
+            return
+        pset = tool.Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data(obj, "BBIM_Door")
+        if not pset:
+            return
+        data = pset.get("data_dict")
+        if not data:
+            return
+        door_type = data.get("door_type", "")
+        overall_width_project = data.get("overall_width", 0.0)
+        lining_offset_project = (data.get("lining_properties") or {}).get("lining_offset", 0.0)
+        si_conversion = ifcopenshell.util.unit.calculate_unit_scale(tool.Ifc.get())
+        overall_width = overall_width_project * si_conversion
+        lining_offset = lining_offset_project * si_conversion
+        specs = _visible_arcs(door_type, overall_width, lining_offset)
+        if not specs:
+            return
+        prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
+        main_color = tuple(prefs.decorator_color_special[:3])
+        mw = obj.matrix_world
+        segments: list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]] = []
+        for spec in specs:
+            x_flip = Matrix.Scale(-1, 4, (1, 0, 0)) if spec.x_mirror else Matrix.Identity(4)
+            transform = (
+                Matrix.Translation(Vector((spec.hinge_x, spec.hinge_y, 0.0)))
+                @ Matrix.Scale(spec.panel_width, 4)
+                @ x_flip
+            )
+            world_main = mw @ transform
+            pts = [world_main @ p for p in _DOOR_SWING_ARC_UNIT_POINTS]
+            for i in range(len(pts) - 1):
+                segments.append((tuple(pts[i]), tuple(pts[i + 1])))
+        draw_polyline_segments(context, segments, main_color, self.LINE_ALPHA, self.LINE_WIDTH)
+
+
 _BBOX_EDGES = (
     (0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 0),
     (4, 5), (5, 6), (6, 7), (7, 4),
@@ -2274,3 +2526,481 @@ def draw_polyline_segments(
 
 _BBOX_HIGHLIGHT_LINE_WIDTH = 1.8
 _BBOX_HIGHLIGHT_LINE_ALPHA = 0.8
+
+
+class _ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator(tool.Blender.ViewportDecorator):
+    """Shared scaffolding for "BFS-walk a connected IFC network from a selected
+    seed and overlay its schematic path" viewport decorators.
+
+    Subclasses implement three hooks:
+
+        ``_is_seed_element(element)``: True if ``element`` can seed a walk
+        ``_walk(start_element)``: list of network elements reachable from the seed
+        ``_build_geometry(connected)``: ``(lines, free_points, connection_points)``
+          for one walk pass; free dots render in the base selected color,
+          connection dots in the "special" slot so junctions stand out
+
+    Lifecycle each redraw: gate on ``BIMModelProperties.show_paths`` (the
+    shared toggle for all network-path overlays), find the first selected
+    seed element, walk the network (cached per seed-GUID per IFC file), and
+    render lines + connection-node dots. Geometry is memoised through a
+    ``TokenCache`` keyed on the decorator-cache token, so depsgraph / undo /
+    redo / load all invalidate the resolved world-space pass without
+    re-walking.
+
+    Install / uninstall is driven by the central addon-load handler and
+    by the toggle's ``update`` callback, so flipping the property takes
+    effect immediately without a Blender restart."""
+
+    # Network-path lines + junction dots render in ``decorator_color_selected``
+    # (Bonsai's palette slot for "what the user is currently inspecting"); free
+    # endpoints (dangling chain tips) switch to ``decorator_color_special`` so
+    # the end of the line stands apart from interior junctions at a glance.
+    LINE_WIDTH = 1.3
+    LINE_ALPHA = 0.85
+    # Sized larger than LINE_WIDTH so connection nodes read as discrete
+    # points rather than line thickenings.
+    DOT_SIZE = 4.0
+    # Squared distance under which two emitted dots are treated as the same
+    # connection node. In Blender units (typically meters), 1e-4 m ≈ 0.1 mm
+    # — below the precision at which two IFC reference-line endpoints would
+    # ever be authored as "the same join" but not so tight that float drift
+    # from coordinate composition misses a real coincidence.
+    CONNECTION_EPS_SQ = 1e-4 * 1e-4
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        # Walk cache keyed on (start_guid, ifc_file, geom_gen). Stores STEP
+        # integer ids rather than ``entity_instance`` references — re-resolved
+        # via ``ifc_file.by_id`` on each cache hit. Structurally rules out
+        # the dangling-SWIG-handle class of bug: an entity removed between
+        # frames either bumps geom_gen (cache miss → re-walk) or fails to
+        # re-resolve (handled below by re-walking). Compare ``ifc_file`` with
+        # ``is`` (not id()) so a GC-recycled id() can't produce a false hit.
+        self._cached_start_guid: str | None = None
+        self._cached_ifc_file: Any = None
+        self._cached_geom_gen: int = -1
+        self._cached_walk_ids: list[int] = []
+        # Geometry cache: shared TokenCache. Key folds in geom_gen so IFC
+        # mutations that don't surface via the depsgraph still flush the
+        # resolved world-space lines and dots.
+        self._geom_cache: TokenCache[
+            tuple[
+                list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
+                list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+                list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+            ]
+        ] = TokenCache()
+        # One-shot guards so a corrupted walk or build surfaces in the console
+        # once per decorator instance instead of every redraw.
+        self._walk_failure_logged: bool = False
+        self._build_failure_logged: bool = False
+        # Short-circuit re-running a known-broken walk or build for the same
+        # seed every frame; cleared the moment the user picks a different seed.
+        self._failed_seed_guid: str | None = None
+
+    _ABSTRACT_HOOKS = ("_is_seed_element", "_walk", "_build_geometry")
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+        # Pin the template-method contract at class-definition time, mirroring
+        # ViewportDecorator's draw_method check: a subclass that forgets to
+        # override one of the three hooks would otherwise pass class creation
+        # and only raise NotImplementedError on the first walk — deferred long
+        # past the offending declaration.
+        missing = [
+            name for name in cls._ABSTRACT_HOOKS if getattr(cls, name) is getattr(_ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator, name)
+        ]
+        if missing:
+            raise TypeError(f"{cls.__name__}: must override abstract hook(s) {sorted(missing)}")
+
+    def _is_seed_element(self, element: Any) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _walk(self, start_element: Any) -> list[Any]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _build_geometry(
+        self,
+        connected: list[Any],
+    ) -> tuple[
+        list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
+        list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+        list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+    ]:
+        """Resolve world-space line segments + dots for one walk pass. Returns
+        ``(lines, free_points, connection_points)`` — free dots get the base
+        selected color, connection dots get the special color so junctions
+        between two consecutive elements pop out. Never raises; skips
+        degenerate elements."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _partition_points_by_coincidence(
+        cls,
+        points: list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+        lines: Sequence[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]] = (),
+    ) -> tuple[list[tuple[float, float, float]], list[tuple[float, float, float]]]:
+        """Split ``points`` into ``(free, connection)``. A point is "connection"
+        when (a) at least one other point in the list lies within
+        ``CONNECTION_EPS_SQ`` (corner / end-to-end joins), or (b) it lies within
+        ``CONNECTION_EPS_SQ`` of the interior of any segment in ``lines``
+        (T-junctions / ATPATH joins, where one wall's end lands on another
+        wall's axis interior rather than its endpoint). Connection points
+        dedupe to one representative each so coincident dots don't stack the
+        same color."""
+        eps_sq = cls.CONNECTION_EPS_SQ
+        n = len(points)
+        shared = [False] * n
+        for i in range(n):
+            xi, yi, zi = points[i]
+            for j in range(i + 1, n):
+                xj, yj, zj = points[j]
+                dx, dy, dz = xi - xj, yi - yj, zi - zj
+                if dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz <= eps_sq:
+                    shared[i] = True
+                    shared[j] = True
+        for i, point in enumerate(points):
+            if shared[i]:
+                continue
+            if cls._point_touches_any_segment_interior(point, lines, eps_sq):
+                shared[i] = True
+        free: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        connection: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        seen_connection: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        for i, point in enumerate(points):
+            if not shared[i]:
+                free.append(point)
+                continue
+            for existing in seen_connection:
+                dx, dy, dz = point[0] - existing[0], point[1] - existing[1], point[2] - existing[2]
+                if dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz <= eps_sq:
+                    break
+            else:
+                seen_connection.append(point)
+                connection.append(point)
+        return free, connection
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _point_touches_any_segment_interior(
+        point: tuple[float, float, float],
+        lines: Sequence[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
+        eps_sq: float,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """True iff ``point`` lies within ``sqrt(eps_sq)`` of the interior of
+        any segment in ``lines``. Endpoints are excluded so a point cannot
+        match its own owning segment via either of that segment's tips — the
+        endpoint-coincidence pass already handles those cases. The qualifying
+        projection must land strictly inside the segment (``0 < t < 1``) AND
+        sit further than ``eps`` from either tip, catching ATPATH/T-junction
+        joins without false-flagging walls that share a corner."""
+        px, py, pz = point
+        for (ax, ay, az), (bx, by, bz) in lines:
+            dxa, dya, dza = px - ax, py - ay, pz - az
+            if dxa * dxa + dya * dya + dza * dza <= eps_sq:
+                continue
+            dxb, dyb, dzb = px - bx, py - by, pz - bz
+            if dxb * dxb + dyb * dyb + dzb * dzb <= eps_sq:
+                continue
+            ex, ey, ez = bx - ax, by - ay, bz - az
+            seg_len_sq = ex * ex + ey * ey + ez * ez
+            if seg_len_sq <= eps_sq:
+                continue
+            t = (dxa * ex + dya * ey + dza * ez) / seg_len_sq
+            if t <= 0.0 or t >= 1.0:
+                continue
+            qx, qy, qz = ax + t * ex, ay + t * ey, az + t * ez
+            dx, dy, dz = px - qx, py - qy, pz - qz
+            if dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz <= eps_sq:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def draw(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        model_props = tool.Model.get_model_props()
+        if not getattr(model_props, "show_paths", False):
+            return
+        ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+        if ifc_file is None:
+            return
+
+        start_element = None
+        active = context.active_object
+        if active is not None:
+            element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(active)
+            if element is not None and self._is_seed_element(element):
+                start_element = element
+        if start_element is None:
+            for obj in context.selected_objects or []:
+                if obj is active:
+                    continue
+                element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+                if element is None or not self._is_seed_element(element):
+                    continue
+                start_element = element
+                break
+        if start_element is None:
+            self._cached_start_guid = None
+            self._cached_walk = []
+            return
+
+        start_guid = start_element.GlobalId
+        if start_guid == self._failed_seed_guid:
+            return
+        current_geom_gen = tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation()
+        connected: list[Any] | None = None
+        if (
+            start_guid == self._cached_start_guid
+            and ifc_file is self._cached_ifc_file
+            and current_geom_gen == self._cached_geom_gen
+            and self._cached_walk_ids
+        ):
+            try:
+                connected = [ifc_file.by_id(eid) for eid in self._cached_walk_ids]
+            except RuntimeError:
+                # An entity was removed without bumping geom_gen — rare but
+                # possible from non-operator code paths. Force a re-walk
+                # rather than feeding a stale handle to _build_geometry.
+                connected = None
+        if connected is None:
+            try:
+                connected = self._walk(start_element)
+            except Exception:
+                if not self._walk_failure_logged:
+                    import traceback
+
+                    traceback.print_exc()
+                    self._walk_failure_logged = True
+                self._cached_walk_ids = []
+                self._failed_seed_guid = start_guid
+                return
+            self._cached_start_guid = start_guid
+            self._cached_ifc_file = ifc_file
+            self._cached_geom_gen = current_geom_gen
+            self._cached_walk_ids = [e.id() for e in connected]
+        if not connected:
+            return
+
+        prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
+        line_color = tuple(prefs.decorator_color_selected[:3])
+        # Junction dots get the "selected" palette slot (green by default) so
+        # they read as the currently-inspected network's spine; free endpoints
+        # get the "special" slot (blue by default) so dangling line ends stand
+        # apart from junctions at a glance.
+        connection_color = line_color
+        free_color = tuple(prefs.decorator_color_special[:3])
+
+        try:
+            lines, free_points, connection_points = self._geom_cache.get_or_compute(
+                (start_guid, id(ifc_file), current_geom_gen),
+                lambda: self._build_geometry(connected),
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            if not self._build_failure_logged:
+                import traceback
+
+                traceback.print_exc()
+                self._build_failure_logged = True
+            self._failed_seed_guid = start_guid
+            return
+
+        if lines:
+            _stroke_lines_alpha(context, lines, line_color, self.LINE_WIDTH, self.LINE_ALPHA)
+
+        if free_points or connection_points:
+            # POINTS via UNIFORM_COLOR; point_size_set only affects the next batch.
+            point_shader = gpu.shader.from_builtin("UNIFORM_COLOR")
+            point_shader.bind()
+            gpu.state.point_size_set(self.DOT_SIZE)
+            gpu.state.blend_set("ALPHA")
+            if free_points:
+                point_shader.uniform_float("color", (*free_color, self.LINE_ALPHA))
+                batch = batch_for_shader(point_shader, "POINTS", {"pos": free_points})
+                batch.draw(point_shader)
+            if connection_points:
+                point_shader.uniform_float("color", (*connection_color, self.LINE_ALPHA))
+                batch = batch_for_shader(point_shader, "POINTS", {"pos": connection_points})
+                batch.draw(point_shader)
+            gpu.state.blend_set("NONE")
+
+
+class MEPSystemPathDecorator(_ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator):
+    """Schematic-path overlay for the selected MEP element's connected
+    distribution system.
+
+    Walk: BFS through ``IfcRelConnectsPorts`` from the first selected MEP
+    element. Segments render as one axis line + endpoint dots. Fittings
+    render as:
+
+    - 2-port (transition, coupler, bend): one line port-to-port, keeping
+      the schematic continuous through the fitting. The "spider from
+      origin" pattern produces V-shaped flares when the fitting's local
+      origin is offset from its ports.
+    - 3+-port (tee, cross, branching): spider from origin to each port.
+      Drawing all N*(N-1)/2 port pairs would clutter the view at high N
+      (N=4 → 6 lines); the spider gives one line per port.
+    - 0-port / 1-port: degenerate, no lines (dots still emit)."""
+
+    def _is_seed_element(self, element: Any) -> bool:
+        return tool.System.is_mep_element(element)
+
+    def _walk(self, start_element: Any) -> list[Any]:
+        return tool.System.walk_connected_mep_elements(start_element)
+
+    def _build_geometry(
+        self,
+        connected: list[Any],
+    ) -> tuple[
+        list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
+        list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+        list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+    ]:
+        lines: list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]] = []
+        port_positions: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        for element in connected:
+            if element.is_a("IfcFlowSegment"):
+                if not tool.Geometry.has_axis_representation(element):
+                    continue
+                obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(element)
+                if obj is None:
+                    continue
+                start_world, end_world = tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis(obj)
+                lines.append((tuple(start_world), tuple(end_world)))
+                # Segment ports sit at the two axis endpoints — emit dots so
+                # the connection node is visible whether the neighbour is a
+                # fitting (also emits) or another segment (doesn't).
+                port_positions.append(tuple(start_world))
+                port_positions.append(tuple(end_world))
+            elif element.is_a("IfcFlowFitting"):
+                obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(element)
+                if obj is None:
+                    continue
+                ports = tool.System.get_ports(element)
+                port_world_positions = [tool.System.get_port_world_position(p) for p in ports]
+                if len(port_world_positions) == 2:
+                    lines.append((tuple(port_world_positions[0]), tuple(port_world_positions[1])))
+                elif len(port_world_positions) >= 3:
+                    origin = obj.matrix_world.translation
+                    for port_pos in port_world_positions:
+                        lines.append((tuple(origin), tuple(port_pos)))
+                for port_pos in port_world_positions:
+                    port_positions.append(tuple(port_pos))
+        free_points, connection_points = self._partition_points_by_coincidence(port_positions)
+        return lines, free_points, connection_points
+
+
+class WallSystemPathDecorator(_ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator):
+    """Schematic-path overlay for the selected wall's connected wall network.
+
+    Walk: BFS through ``IfcRelConnectsPathElements`` from the first selected
+    wall. Each wall renders as one reference-line segment + a dot at each
+    axis endpoint. Endpoints are classified by IFC topology — every wall in
+    the walked set inspects its ``IfcRelConnectsPathElements`` rels filtered
+    to walls in the same set, and uses ``Relating*``/``Related*ConnectionType``
+    (ATSTART / ATEND / ATPATH) to decide which endpoint participates. ATPATH
+    rels also emit a connection dot at the canonical join location (a T-meets
+    point sits on the through-wall's interior, not at any endpoint). The
+    framework's geometric classifier is bypassed for walls because authoring
+    tolerance and post-edit float drift commonly exceed the 0.1 mm coincidence
+    threshold, so T-junctions otherwise fell into the free bucket."""
+
+    def _is_seed_element(self, element: Any) -> bool:
+        return element.is_a("IfcWall") and tool.Geometry.has_axis_representation(element)
+
+    def _walk(self, start_element: Any) -> list[Any]:
+        return tool.Wall.walk_connected_walls(start_element)
+
+    def _build_geometry(
+        self,
+        connected: list[Any],
+    ) -> tuple[
+        list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
+        list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+        list[tuple[float, float, float]],
+    ]:
+        lines: list[tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]] = []
+        refs: dict[int, tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]] = {}
+        for element in connected:
+            obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(element)
+            if obj is None:
+                continue
+            ref = tool.Wall.get_world_reference_line(obj)
+            if ref is None:
+                continue
+            p1, p2 = tuple(ref[0]), tuple(ref[1])
+            refs[element.id()] = (p1, p2)
+            lines.append((p1, p2))
+
+        free_points, connection_points = self._classify_endpoints_from_rels(connected, refs)
+        connection_points = self._dedupe_close_points(connection_points, self.CONNECTION_EPS_SQ)
+        return lines, free_points, connection_points
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _classify_endpoints_from_rels(
+        connected: Sequence[Any],
+        refs: dict[int, tuple[tuple[float, float, float], tuple[float, float, float]]],
+    ) -> tuple[list[tuple[float, float, float]], list[tuple[float, float, float]]]:
+        """For each wall in ``connected`` with a reference line in ``refs``,
+        classify its endpoints by walking its ``IfcRelConnectsPathElements``
+        rels filtered to walls also in ``refs``. ATSTART side present →
+        reference-line start is a connection; ATEND side present → reference-
+        line end is a connection; otherwise free. ATPATH side present → emit
+        an extra connection dot at the canonical join via
+        ``tool.Wall.path_connection_location_world``. Returns
+        ``(free, connection)`` un-deduped."""
+        free_points: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        connection_points: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        for element in connected:
+            self_seg = refs.get(element.id())
+            if self_seg is None:
+                continue
+            sides: set[str] = set()
+            atpath_dots: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+            for rel in getattr(element, "ConnectedTo", []) or ():
+                if not rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsPathElements"):
+                    continue
+                other = rel.RelatedElement
+                other_seg = refs.get(other.id()) if other is not None else None
+                if other_seg is None:
+                    continue
+                self_type = rel.RelatingConnectionType
+                other_type = rel.RelatedConnectionType
+                sides.add(self_type)
+                if self_type == "ATPATH":
+                    join = tool.Wall.path_connection_location_world(self_seg, self_type, other_seg, other_type)
+                    atpath_dots.append(tuple(join))
+            for rel in getattr(element, "ConnectedFrom", []) or ():
+                if not rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsPathElements"):
+                    continue
+                other = rel.RelatingElement
+                other_seg = refs.get(other.id()) if other is not None else None
+                if other_seg is None:
+                    continue
+                self_type = rel.RelatedConnectionType
+                other_type = rel.RelatingConnectionType
+                sides.add(self_type)
+                if self_type == "ATPATH":
+                    join = tool.Wall.path_connection_location_world(self_seg, self_type, other_seg, other_type)
+                    atpath_dots.append(tuple(join))
+            p1, p2 = self_seg
+            (connection_points if "ATSTART" in sides else free_points).append(p1)
+            (connection_points if "ATEND" in sides else free_points).append(p2)
+            connection_points.extend(atpath_dots)
+        return free_points, connection_points
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _dedupe_close_points(
+        points: Sequence[tuple[float, float, float]],
+        eps_sq: float,
+    ) -> list[tuple[float, float, float]]:
+        """Drop later occurrences of points within ``sqrt(eps_sq)`` of an
+        earlier one. Used to collapse overlapping connection dots so an ATPATH
+        join computed at the same point as a neighbour's wall endpoint
+        renders once."""
+        result: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        for point in points:
+            for existing in result:
+                dx, dy, dz = point[0] - existing[0], point[1] - existing[1], point[2] - existing[2]
+                if dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz <= eps_sq:
+                    break
+            else:
+                result.append(point)
+        return result

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/mep_bend_preview.py

@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Bend-preview lifecycle for MEP segment joins.
+
+Holds the four lifecycle operators (Enable / Finish / Cancel /
+EnableFromBend) and the ``GizmoBendPreview`` group that surfaces the
+tunable dimensions and validate/cancel icons during preview. Draft state
+lives at ``Scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend`` per CLAUDE.md §2.9 (Scene
+for cross-element previews).
+
+The geometry math (``compute_bend_preview_polylines``,
+``_bend_profile_cross_section``, ``_sweep_profile_along_polyline``)
+stays in ``mep.py`` because the commit operator ``MEPAddBend`` reuses
+it; this module imports the polyline helper for per-frame gizmo
+positioning. The GPU lines themselves are drawn by
+``decorator.BendPreviewDecorator``, kept in ``decorator.py`` with its
+sibling decorators."""
+
+from typing import ClassVar
+
+import bpy
+import ifcopenshell.util.element
+import ifcopenshell.util.unit
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from bonsai.bim.module.drawing import gizmos as gizmo
+from bonsai.bim.module.model import preview_base
+from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import (
+    _is_bend_fitting,
+    _n_mep_selected,
+    cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines,
+    segments_are_parallel,
+    validate_bend_preconditions,
+)
+
+
+class EnableBendPreview(bpy.types.Operator):
+    """Enter bend-preview mode for two selected MEP segments. Populates
+    scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend with segment IFC ids and default
+    start_length / end_length / radius; no IFC mutation until finish."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.enable_bend_preview"
+    bl_label = "Enter Bend Preview"
+    bl_description = "Begin tuning bend parameters before committing the bend"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context):
+        if not _n_mep_selected(2):
+            cls.poll_message_set("Select exactly 2 MEP segments to bend.")
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        selected = tool.Blender.get_selected_objects()
+        active = context.active_object
+        if active is None or active not in selected:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Active object must be one of the selected MEP segments.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        other = next((o for o in selected if o is not active), None)
+        if other is None:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Two MEP segments must be selected.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        active_element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(active)
+        other_element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(other)
+        if active_element is None or other_element is None:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Both selected objects must be IFC elements.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        if segments_are_parallel(active, other):
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Bend preview is for non-parallel segments only.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
+        # Pre-check the same preconditions MEPAddBend enforces so the user
+        # sees the rejection here rather than after tuning a doomed preview.
+        precondition_error = validate_bend_preconditions(active_element, other_element)
+        if precondition_error is not None:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, precondition_error)
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
+        preview_base.sync_uncommitted_moves([active, other])
+
+        props = preview_base.get_preview_props(context, "bend")
+        # Auto-cancel any prior preview so re-clicking join on a different
+        # pair doesn't silently commit the previous tuning.
+        if props is not None and props.is_active:
+            bpy.ops.bim.cancel_bend_preview()
+
+        props.start_segment_id = active_element.id()
+        props.end_segment_id = other_element.id()
+        props.start_length = 0.1
+        props.end_length = 0.1
+        props.radius = 0.2
+        props.is_active = True
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class FinishBendPreview(bpy.types.Operator):
+    """Commit the previewed bend with the tuned parameters and exit preview.
+
+    Preview state survives a failed commit so the user can re-tune without
+    re-selecting."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.finish_bend_preview"
+    bl_label = "Apply Bend"
+    bl_description = "Commit the bend with the previewed parameters"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        return preview_base.commit_preview(
+            self,
+            context,
+            "bend",
+            "mep_add_bend",
+            ("start_segment_id", "end_segment_id", "start_length", "end_length", "radius", "editing_bend_id"),
+        )
+
+
+class CancelBendPreview(bpy.types.Operator):
+    """Exit bend preview without committing."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.cancel_bend_preview"
+    bl_label = "Cancel Bend"
+    bl_description = "Discard the previewed bend"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        if context.screen is None:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        props = preview_base.get_preview_props(context, "bend")
+        if props is None or not props.is_active:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        preview_base.clear_preview_state(props)
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class EnableBendPreviewFromBend(bpy.types.Operator):
+    """Re-open the bend preview on an existing bend fitting.
+
+    Resolves the two connected segments via the bend's ports +
+    ``IfcRelConnectsPorts``, reads parametric values back from the bend's
+    ``BBIM_Fitting`` pset, and flags the preview so committing replaces
+    the existing bend in place."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.enable_bend_preview_from_bend"
+    bl_label = "Edit Bend"
+    bl_description = "Re-open the bend preview to retune an existing bend"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context):
+        active = context.active_object
+        if active is None:
+            cls.poll_message_set("No active object.")
+            return False
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(active)
+        if element is None or not _is_bend_fitting(element):
+            cls.poll_message_set("Active object must be a bend fitting.")
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        active = context.active_object
+        bend_element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(active)
+        if bend_element is None or not _is_bend_fitting(bend_element):
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Active object is not a bend fitting.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
+        connected_segments: list = []
+        for port in tool.System.get_ports(bend_element):
+            connected_port = tool.System.get_connected_port(port)
+            if connected_port is None:
+                continue
+            related = tool.System.get_port_relating_element(connected_port)
+            if related is not None and related.is_a("IfcFlowSegment") and related not in connected_segments:
+                connected_segments.append(related)
+
+        if len(connected_segments) != 2:
+            self.report(
+                {"ERROR"},
+                f"Bend has {len(connected_segments)} connected segments; need exactly 2 to re-edit.",
+            )
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
+        # Read parametric values from the bend type's BBIM_Fitting pset. The
+        # type carries the canonical parameters; querying the occurrence
+        # would force a get_type round-trip and miss user-edited types.
+        bend_type = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_type(bend_element)
+        if bend_type is None:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Bend fitting has no type to read parameters from.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        bend_type_obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(bend_type)
+        if bend_type_obj is None:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Bend type has no Blender object — cannot read pset.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        bbim = tool.Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data(bend_type_obj, "BBIM_Fitting")
+        if bbim is None:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, "Bend fitting has no BBIM_Fitting pset — not a parametric bend.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        data = bbim.get("data_dict", {})
+
+        props = preview_base.get_preview_props(context, "bend")
+        if props is not None and props.is_active:
+            bpy.ops.bim.cancel_bend_preview()
+
+        # Segment order is load-bearing: the bend's lateral sign and z-axis
+        # flip are derived from which segment is "start" vs "end". Re-edit
+        # must reuse the same pairing as the original create so the recreate
+        # lands at the same orientation.
+        start_segment, end_segment = connected_segments
+        props.start_segment_id = start_segment.id()
+        props.end_segment_id = end_segment.id()
+        # Pset values are in IFC native units; scene units come from si_conversion.
+        si_conversion = ifcopenshell.util.unit.calculate_unit_scale(tool.Ifc.get())
+        props.start_length = float(data.get("start_length", 0.1)) * si_conversion
+        props.end_length = float(data.get("end_length", 0.1)) * si_conversion
+        props.radius = float(data.get("radius", 0.2)) * si_conversion
+        props.editing_bend_id = bend_element.id()
+        props.is_active = True
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+def _bend_preview_segments(context):
+    """Resolve the two segment objects from the scene-level preview props.
+
+    Re-resolves by IFC id each frame so undo / file reload during preview
+    never dangles a stale bpy reference."""
+    props = context.scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend
+    ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+    if ifc_file is None or not props.is_active:
+        return None, None
+    try:
+        start_element = ifc_file.by_id(props.start_segment_id)
+        end_element = ifc_file.by_id(props.end_segment_id)
+    except Exception:
+        return None, None
+    start_obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(start_element) if start_element else None
+    end_obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(end_element) if end_element else None
+    return start_obj, end_obj
+
+
+def _gizmo_x_matrix(location: Vector, x_direction: Vector) -> Matrix:
+    """Build a 4x4 matrix placing a gizmo at ``location`` with its local +X
+    axis aligned to ``x_direction`` in world space. ``BIM_GT_gizmo_dimension``
+    draws + drags along local +X by convention."""
+    x = x_direction.normalized()
+    seed = Vector((0, 0, 1)) if abs(x.z) < 0.9 else Vector((1, 0, 0))
+    y = (seed - x * seed.dot(x)).normalized()
+    z = x.cross(y)
+    mat = Matrix.Identity(4)
+    mat[0][:3] = (x.x, y.x, z.x)
+    mat[1][:3] = (x.y, y.y, z.y)
+    mat[2][:3] = (x.z, y.z, z.z)
+    mat.translation = location
+    return mat
+
+
+class GizmoBendPreview(bpy.types.GizmoGroup):
+    """Interactive gizmo group for the bend preview flow.
+
+    Three dimension widgets drag start_length / end_length / radius; two
+    icon gizmos commit or cancel. When the geometry is degenerate the
+    dimensions and validate hide but cancel stays visible so the user
+    always has an exit."""
+
+    bl_idname = "OBJECT_GGT_bim_bend_preview"
+    bl_label = "Bend Preview Gizmos"
+    bl_space_type = "VIEW_3D"
+    bl_region_type = "WINDOW"
+    bl_options = {"3D", "PERSISTENT"}
+
+    ICON_SCALE: ClassVar[float] = 0.375
+    ICON_SPACING_X: ClassVar[float] = 0.4
+    ICON_Z_OFFSET: ClassVar[float] = 1.5
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context):
+        preview = getattr(context.scene, "BIMPreviewProperties", None)
+        props = preview.bend if preview is not None else None
+        if props is None or not props.is_active:
+            return False
+        if not tool.Blender.are_viewport_gizmos_enabled():
+            return False
+        ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+        if ifc_file is None:
+            return False
+        try:
+            ifc_file.by_id(props.start_segment_id)
+            ifc_file.by_id(props.end_segment_id)
+        except (RuntimeError, KeyError):
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def setup(self, context):
+        prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
+        default_color = tuple(prefs.decorations_colour[:3])
+        highlight_color = tuple(prefs.decorator_color_selected[:3])
+
+        _props = preview_base.make_props_callback("bend")
+
+        def setup_dimension(attr: str, prop_name: str, invert_delta: bool = False) -> bpy.types.Gizmo:
+            gz = self.gizmos.new("BIM_GT_gizmo_dimension")
+            gz.move_get_cb = preview_base.make_dim_getter(_props, attr)
+            gz.move_set_cb = preview_base.make_dim_setter(_props, attr)
+            gz.axis = Vector((1, 0, 0))
+            gz.invert_delta = invert_delta
+            gz.delta_scale = 1.0
+            gz.prop_name = prop_name
+            gz.gizmo_group = self
+            gz.color = default_color
+            gz.color_highlight = highlight_color
+            gz.alpha = 1.0
+            gz.use_draw_modal = True
+            gz.use_draw_scale = False
+            gz.text_offset_sign = 1
+            gz.text_alignment = gizmo.TextAlignment.CENTER
+            gz.show_start_arrow = False
+            gz.show_end_arrow = True
+            gz.show_extension_lines = False
+            gz.text_formatter = None
+            return gz
+
+        self.start_dim = setup_dimension("start_length", "Start Length")
+        self.end_dim = setup_dimension("end_length", "End Length")
+        self.radius_dim = setup_dimension("radius", "Radius")
+
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import BaseParametricGizmoGroup
+
+        self.validate_icon = self.gizmos.new("VIEW3D_GT_validate")
+        self.validate_icon.use_draw_scale = False
+        self.validate_icon.color = BaseParametricGizmoGroup.COLOR_GREEN
+        self.validate_icon.color_highlight = highlight_color
+        self.validate_icon.target_set_operator("bim.finish_bend_preview")
+
+        self.cancel_icon = self.gizmos.new("VIEW3D_GT_cancel")
+        self.cancel_icon.use_draw_scale = False
+        self.cancel_icon.color = BaseParametricGizmoGroup.COLOR_RED
+        self.cancel_icon.color_highlight = highlight_color
+        self.cancel_icon.target_set_operator("bim.cancel_bend_preview")
+
+    def refresh(self, context):
+        self._position_gizmos(context)
+
+    def draw_prepare(self, context):
+        self._position_gizmos(context)
+
+    def _position_gizmos(self, context):
+        """Place gizmos at the bend intersection using the current scene
+        props. Cancel stays visible on degenerate geometry so the user
+        always has an exit; the other widgets hide when there's no defined
+        tangent / arc to anchor them on."""
+        start_obj, end_obj = _bend_preview_segments(context)
+        if start_obj is None or end_obj is None:
+            for gz in (self.start_dim, self.end_dim, self.radius_dim, self.validate_icon, self.cancel_icon):
+                gz.hide = True
+            return
+
+        props = context.scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend
+        preview = cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(
+            start_obj, end_obj, props.start_length, props.end_length, props.radius
+        )
+        if not preview["valid"]:
+            for gz in (self.start_dim, self.end_dim, self.radius_dim, self.validate_icon):
+                gz.hide = True
+            self.cancel_icon.hide = False
+            axes = preview.get("invalid_axes") or []
+            if axes:
+                intersection_point = axes[0][1]
+                billboard_rot = gizmo.get_billboard_rotation(context)
+                anchor = intersection_point + Vector((0, 0, self.ICON_Z_OFFSET))
+                self.cancel_icon.matrix_basis = gizmo.billboarded_at(anchor, billboard_rot, scale=self.ICON_SCALE)
+            return
+
+        for gz in (self.start_dim, self.end_dim, self.radius_dim, self.validate_icon, self.cancel_icon):
+            gz.hide = False
+
+        leg_a_far, leg_a_end = preview["leg_a"]
+        leg_b_far, leg_b_end = preview["leg_b"]
+        toward_bend_a = (
+            (leg_a_end - leg_a_far).normalized() if (leg_a_end - leg_a_far).length > 1e-6 else Vector((0, 0, 1))
+        )
+        toward_bend_b = (
+            (leg_b_end - leg_b_far).normalized() if (leg_b_end - leg_b_far).length > 1e-6 else Vector((0, 0, 1))
+        )
+        leg_a_tangent = leg_a_end + toward_bend_a * props.start_length
+        leg_b_tangent = leg_b_end + toward_bend_b * props.end_length
+
+        # axis is set in world space every frame so the drag projection
+        # matches the visual regardless of either segment's matrix_world.
+        self.start_dim.matrix_basis = _gizmo_x_matrix(leg_a_tangent, -toward_bend_a)
+        self.start_dim.axis = -toward_bend_a
+        self.start_dim.set_dimension_length(props.start_length)
+        self.end_dim.matrix_basis = _gizmo_x_matrix(leg_b_tangent, -toward_bend_b)
+        self.end_dim.axis = -toward_bend_b
+        self.end_dim.set_dimension_length(props.end_length)
+
+        arc = preview["arc"]
+        if len(arc) >= 3:
+            mid = len(arc) // 2
+            chord_mid = (arc[0] + arc[-1]) * 0.5
+            toward_mid = arc[mid] - chord_mid
+            if toward_mid.length > 1e-6:
+                toward_mid = toward_mid.normalized()
+                half_chord = (arc[-1] - arc[0]).length * 0.5
+                center_dist = max(0.0, props.radius * props.radius - half_chord * half_chord) ** 0.5
+                arc_center = chord_mid - toward_mid * center_dist
+                radial_out = arc[mid] - arc_center
+                if radial_out.length > 1e-6:
+                    radial_out.normalize()
+                    inward = -radial_out
+                    self.radius_dim.matrix_basis = _gizmo_x_matrix(arc[mid], inward)
+                    self.radius_dim.axis = inward
+                    self.radius_dim.set_dimension_length(props.radius)
+                else:
+                    self.radius_dim.hide = True
+            else:
+                self.radius_dim.hide = True
+        else:
+            self.radius_dim.hide = True
+
+        billboard_rot = gizmo.get_billboard_rotation(context)
+        anchor_base = arc[len(arc) // 2] if arc else (leg_a_end + leg_b_end) * 0.5
+        anchor = anchor_base + Vector((0, 0, self.ICON_Z_OFFSET))
+        offset_x = billboard_rot @ Vector((self.ICON_SPACING_X, 0.0, 0.0))
+        self.validate_icon.matrix_basis = gizmo.billboarded_at(anchor, billboard_rot, scale=self.ICON_SCALE)
+        self.cancel_icon.matrix_basis = gizmo.billboarded_at(anchor + offset_x, billboard_rot, scale=self.ICON_SCALE)

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/opening.py

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was modified with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
 
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from math import radians
@@ -207,6 +209,21 @@ def _get_cached_world_draw_data(
 # handle each call), so they stay drawable across frames.
 _batch_cache: dict[tuple[int, str], tuple[int, "gpu.types.GPUBatch"]] = {}
 
+# CAD hidden-line convention for the occluded back-pass: world-space dashes so
+# density stays coherent across zoom. Dash + gap = period; dash_width controls
+# the "on" portion.
+_DASH_PERIOD_METERS: float = 0.20
+_DASH_WIDTH_METERS: float = 0.10
+# Solid front pass is rendered wider than the dashed back pass so its halo
+# overpowers the dashed center on visible edges even when the WIRE-display
+# overlay biases the depth buffer at outline pixels.
+_DASH_LINE_WIDTH: float = 1.5
+_SOLID_LINE_WIDTH: float = 2.5
+# Per-iteration default line width used by every non-occlusion draw call in
+# this decorator's ``__call__``. Restored after each occlusion pair so the
+# next draw isn't silently inheriting the wider solid-pass override.
+_DEFAULT_LINE_WIDTH: float = 2.0
+
 
 def _get_cached_batch_or_none(cache_key: tuple[int, str]) -> "gpu.types.GPUBatch | None":
     uid = cache_key[0]
@@ -1189,22 +1206,55 @@ class DecorationsHandler:
         shader.uniform_float("color", color)
         batch.draw(shader)
 
-    def _draw_lines_with_occlusion(self, verts, color, edges_indices, occluded_alpha: float = 0.25, cache_key=None):
-        # One batch, two draws: front pass at full color, occluded pass at
-        # `occluded_alpha`. Save/restore depth_test matches the pattern in
-        # bim/module/structural/decorator.py so callers' state survives.
-        batch = self._get_or_build_batch(self.line_shader, "LINES", verts, edges_indices, cache_key=cache_key)
-        if batch is None:
+    def _draw_lines_with_occlusion(self, verts, color, edges_indices, cache_key=None):
+        # Two-pass CAD hidden-line convention. Both passes use POLYLINE_UNIFORM_COLOR.
+        #
+        # The solid front pass is rendered WIDER than the dashed back pass so it
+        # produces a halo around the line center, beyond the depth-bias zone that
+        # Blender's overlay engine writes when an opening is set to WIRE display.
+        # Without the width difference, the wire bias makes the center-pixel
+        # ``LESS_EQUAL`` comparison fail (line ends up slightly behind the biased
+        # wire depth) so the solid pass would lose to the dashed back pass even
+        # on visible edges. The halo gives the solid pass enough screen-space to
+        # overpower the dashed pattern visually.
+        #
+        # Dashed renders first at the standard width so the solid overlay's wider
+        # halo cleanly hides it on visible edges; on occluded edges the solid
+        # ``LESS_EQUAL`` pass fails against the wall depth and the dashed remains.
+        front_batch = self._get_or_build_batch(self.line_shader, "LINES", verts, edges_indices, cache_key=cache_key)
+        if front_batch is None:
             return
+
+        dashed_cache_key = (cache_key[0], cache_key[1] + "_dashed") if cache_key is not None else None
+        dash_batch = None
+        if dashed_cache_key is not None:
+            dash_batch = _get_cached_batch_or_none(dashed_cache_key)
+        if dash_batch is None:
+            dash_verts, dash_edges = tool.Blender.build_dashed_line_segments(
+                verts, edges_indices, _DASH_PERIOD_METERS, _DASH_WIDTH_METERS
+            )
+            dash_batch = self._get_or_build_batch(self.line_shader, "LINES", dash_verts, dash_edges)
+            if dash_batch is not None and dashed_cache_key is not None:
+                _store_batch_in_cache(dashed_cache_key, dash_batch)
+
         original_depth_test = gpu.state.depth_test_get()
+        front_color = list(color)
+        front_color[3] = 1.0
+        self.line_shader.uniform_float("color", front_color)
+
+        if dash_batch is not None:
+            self.line_shader.uniform_float("lineWidth", _DASH_LINE_WIDTH)
+            gpu.state.depth_test_set("ALWAYS")
+            dash_batch.draw(self.line_shader)
+
+        self.line_shader.uniform_float("lineWidth", _SOLID_LINE_WIDTH)
         gpu.state.depth_test_set("LESS_EQUAL")
-        self.line_shader.uniform_float("color", color)
-        batch.draw(self.line_shader)
-        gpu.state.depth_test_set("GREATER")
-        dimmed = list(color)
-        dimmed[3] = occluded_alpha
-        self.line_shader.uniform_float("color", dimmed)
-        batch.draw(self.line_shader)
+        front_batch.draw(self.line_shader)
+
+        # Restore the per-iteration default set at the top of __call__ so
+        # subsequent draws (the HalfSpaceSolid arrow, future call-sites) are
+        # not silently affected by the front-pass width override.
+        self.line_shader.uniform_float("lineWidth", _DEFAULT_LINE_WIDTH)
         gpu.state.depth_test_set(original_depth_test)
 
     def __call__(self, context):
@@ -1240,7 +1290,7 @@ class DecorationsHandler:
             self.line_shader.bind()  # required to be able to change uniforms of the shader
             # POLYLINE_UNIFORM_COLOR specific uniforms
             self.line_shader.uniform_float("viewportSize", (context.region.width, context.region.height))
-            self.line_shader.uniform_float("lineWidth", 2.0)
+            self.line_shader.uniform_float("lineWidth", _DEFAULT_LINE_WIDTH)
 
             # general shader
             self.shader = gpu.shader.from_builtin("UNIFORM_COLOR")
@@ -1278,9 +1328,7 @@ class DecorationsHandler:
                 self.draw_batch("LINES", verts, selected_elements_color, selected_edges)
                 self.draw_batch("POINTS", unselected_vertices, unselected_elements_color)
                 self.draw_batch("POINTS", selected_vertices, selected_elements_color)
-                obj.data.calc_loop_triangles()
-                tris = [tuple(t.vertices) for t in obj.data.loop_triangles]
-                self.draw_batch("TRIS", verts, transparent_color(special_elements_color), tris)
+                tool.Blender.draw_bmesh_face_tris(bm, verts, transparent_color(special_elements_color), self.draw_batch)
             else:
                 line_verts, verts, edges_indices, tris = _get_cached_world_draw_data(obj)
                 color = selected_elements_color if obj in context.selected_objects else special_elements_color

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/preview_base.py

@@ -163,6 +163,59 @@ def sync_uncommitted_moves(objects: list) -> None:
         tool.Geometry.commit_placement_if_moved(obj, apply_scale=False)
 
 
+def clear_preview_state(props: bpy.types.PropertyGroup) -> None:
+    """Reset a preview PropertyGroup to its idle state on commit / cancel.
+
+    Sets ``is_active`` to False and zeros every ``IntProperty`` whose name
+    ends in ``_id`` (the entity-reference convention every preview follows).
+    Other fields are left at their last value — defaults are re-applied on
+    the next enable, so leaving them alone avoids a redundant write."""
+    props.is_active = False
+    for name, rna in props.bl_rna.properties.items():
+        if name.endswith("_id") and rna.type == "INT":
+            setattr(props, name, 0)
+
+
+# --- Standard Finish flow ----------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def commit_preview(
+    operator: bpy.types.Operator,
+    context: bpy.types.Context,
+    attr: str,
+    target_op_name: str,
+    kwarg_names: tuple[str, ...],
+) -> set[str]:
+    """Standard Finish-Preview dispatch: validate context + active preview,
+    read kwargs off the draft, call ``bpy.ops.bim.<target_op_name>(**kwargs)``,
+    and clear the preview on success.
+
+    The dispatched operator's own ``self.report({"ERROR"})`` paths are promoted
+    by ``bpy.ops`` to ``RuntimeError`` — catching it here surfaces the message
+    to the user via ``operator.report`` rather than leaving Blender's operator
+    state half-broken (which silently disables downstream gizmo polls).
+
+    Returns the dispatched operator's result set verbatim so callers can
+    pass it straight back from their own ``execute``."""
+    if context.screen is None:
+        return {"CANCELLED"}
+    props = get_preview_props(context, attr)
+    if props is None or not props.is_active:
+        return {"CANCELLED"}
+    if tool.Ifc.get() is None:
+        operator.report({"ERROR"}, "No IFC file loaded.")
+        return {"CANCELLED"}
+    kwargs = {name: getattr(props, name) for name in kwarg_names}
+    try:
+        result = getattr(bpy.ops.bim, target_op_name)(**kwargs)
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        operator.report({"ERROR"}, str(exc))
+        return {"CANCELLED"}
+    if "FINISHED" in result:
+        clear_preview_state(props)
+    return result
+
+
 # --- Esc dispatch ------------------------------------------------------------
 
 PREVIEW_CANCEL_OPS: tuple[tuple[str, str], ...] = (

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/profile.py

@@ -1002,6 +1002,14 @@ class EnableEditingExtrusionAxis(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
     def _execute(self, context):
         self.unit_scale = ifcopenshell.util.unit.calculate_unit_scale(tool.Ifc.get())
         obj = context.active_object
+
+        # Commit any in-progress parametric (gizmo) draft on this object
+        # before switching to axis-edit. Otherwise the in-memory draft
+        # state is overwritten when the axis mesh is imported below,
+        # silently discarding the user's pending dimension edits.
+        if feature := tool.Parametric.is_object_editing(obj):
+            tool.Parametric.commit_object_draft(obj, feature.finish_op)
+
         element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
 
         axis = ifcopenshell.util.representation.get_representation(element, "Model", "Axis", "GRAPH_VIEW")
@@ -1157,7 +1165,8 @@ class DrawPolylineProfile(bpy.types.Operator, PolylineOperator, tool.Ifc.Operato
                         DumbProfileJoiner().join_V(profile2["obj"], profile1["obj"])
                         if connect_IfcFlowSegments:
                             bpy.ops.bim.mep_connect_elements(
-                                obj1_name=profile1["obj"].name, obj2_name=profile2["obj"].name
+                                obj1_guid=tool.Ifc.get_entity(profile1["obj"]).GlobalId,
+                                obj2_guid=tool.Ifc.get_entity(profile2["obj"]).GlobalId,
                             )
 
     def modal(self, context, event):

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/prop.py

@@ -33,8 +33,10 @@ from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.decoration import CutDecorator
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.data import AuthoringData
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import (
     BoundingBoxDecorator,
+    MEPSystemPathDecorator,
     SlabDirectionDecorator,
     WallAxisDecorator,
+    WallSystemPathDecorator,
 )
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.door import update_door_modifier_bmesh
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.window import update_window_modifier_bmesh
@@ -132,6 +134,19 @@ def update_slab_direction_decorator(self: "BIMModelProperties", context: bpy.typ
         SlabDirectionDecorator.uninstall()
 
 
+def update_paths_decorator(self: "BIMModelProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+    """Unified toggle for connected-element path overlays. Drives both the
+    MEP and wall path decorators — each decorator's ``draw`` short-circuits
+    when its kind of element isn't selected, so leaving both installed is
+    cheap and lets one toggle cover any connected-element family."""
+    if self.show_paths:
+        MEPSystemPathDecorator.install(bpy.context)
+        WallSystemPathDecorator.install(bpy.context)
+    else:
+        MEPSystemPathDecorator.uninstall()
+        WallSystemPathDecorator.uninstall()
+
+
 def update_measure_xyz(self: "BIMModelProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
     if self.show_bounding_box:
         BoundingBoxDecorator.install(context)
@@ -228,11 +243,7 @@ def update_wall_offset_baseline(self: "BIMWallProperties", context: bpy.types.Co
 def update_railing(self: "BIMRailingProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
     """Regenerate railing mesh when property changes."""
     if self.is_editing:
-        # Only FRAMELESS_PANEL can update live via bmesh.
-        # WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL geometry is generated from IFC representation,
-        # so it only updates on "Finish Editing" to avoid modifying IFC during preview.
-        if self.railing_type == "FRAMELESS_PANEL":
-            _get_updater("railing", "update_railing_modifier_bmesh")(context)
+        _get_updater("railing", "update_railing_modifier_bmesh")(context)
 
 
 def update_roof(self: "BIMRoofProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
@@ -242,6 +253,20 @@ def update_roof(self: "BIMRoofProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
         _get_updater("roof", "update_roof_modifier_bmesh")(obj)
 
 
+def update_pipe_segment(self: "BIMPipeSegmentProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+    """Regenerate pipe-segment preview mesh from props during edit. Does NOT touch IFC."""
+    obj = context.active_object
+    if obj and self.is_editing:
+        _get_updater("mep", "regenerate_pipe_segment_mesh_from_props")(obj)
+
+
+def update_duct_segment(self: "BIMDuctSegmentProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+    """Regenerate duct-segment preview mesh from props during edit. Does NOT touch IFC."""
+    obj = context.active_object
+    if obj and self.is_editing:
+        _get_updater("mep", "regenerate_duct_segment_mesh_from_props")(obj)
+
+
 class BIMModelProperties(PropertyGroup):
     ifc_class: bpy.props.EnumProperty(items=get_ifc_class, name="Construction Class", update=update_ifc_class)
     relating_type_id: bpy.props.EnumProperty(
@@ -344,6 +369,19 @@ class BIMModelProperties(PropertyGroup):
         default=False,
         update=update_slab_direction_decorator,
     )
+    show_paths: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Show Paths",
+        default=False,
+        update=update_paths_decorator,
+        description=(
+            "Trace the connected element path from the selected element. For "
+            "walls, follows IfcRelConnectsPathElements and draws each "
+            "connected wall's reference axis with endpoint dots. For MEP "
+            "elements, follows IfcRelConnectsPorts and draws each segment's "
+            "axis plus a port-to-port spider for each fitting. Toggle off to "
+            "skip the BFS traversal entirely."
+        ),
+    )
 
     prev_transform_orientation_slot_type: bpy.props.StringProperty(name="Previous Gizmo Orientation Type")
     prev_show_gizmo_object_translate: bpy.props.BoolProperty(name="Previous Gizmo Translate")
@@ -391,6 +429,7 @@ class BIMModelProperties(PropertyGroup):
         offset: float
         show_wall_axis: bool
         show_slab_direction: bool
+        show_paths: bool
 
         prev_transform_orientation_slot_type: str
         prev_show_gizmo_object_translate: bool
@@ -1679,6 +1718,21 @@ class BIMRoofProperties(PropertyGroup):
             setattr(target_props, prop_name, prop_value)
 
 
+class BIMSlabProperties(PropertyGroup):
+    """Transient state for the slab disconnect-access gizmo.
+
+    ``is_editing`` flips True when the user clicks the pen icon on a slab
+    that has wall connections — gating the per-wall disconnect icons in
+    ``GizmoSlabUnjoinWalls`` so they're hidden until the user opts in. No
+    IFC draft state lives here: the disconnect operator commits directly,
+    so this PropertyGroup carries only the UI gate."""
+
+    is_editing: bpy.props.BoolProperty(name="Slab Edit Active", default=False, options={"SKIP_SAVE"})
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        is_editing: bool
+
+
 class BIMWallProperties(PropertyGroup):
     """Transient draft state for parametric wall gizmo editing.
 
@@ -1924,6 +1978,155 @@ class BIMExternalParametricGeometryProperties(bpy.types.PropertyGroup):
         sverchok_nodes: Union[sverchok.node_tree.SverchCustomTree, None]
 
 
+class BIMPipeSegmentProperties(PropertyGroup):
+    """Transient draft state for parametric pipe-segment gizmo editing."""
+
+    is_editing: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        default=False,
+        description="True while pipe-segment parametric edit mode is active.",
+    )
+    mesh_dirty: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        default=False,
+        options={"HIDDEN", "SKIP_SAVE"},
+        description=(
+            "True while the visible mesh is the preview shape; cleared once the "
+            "real IFC-derived geometry is restored (on commit or cancel)."
+        ),
+    )
+    length: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        name="Length",
+        default=1.0,
+        min=0.01,
+        subtype="DISTANCE",
+        update=update_pipe_segment,
+        description="Pipe-segment extrusion length (preview value; committed on finish).",
+    )
+    snap_length: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        description="Snapshot of length at edit-enable; commit skips no-op writes.",
+    )
+    snap_object_scale_z: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        default=1.0,
+        description=(
+            "Snapshot of obj.scale.z at edit-enable. Cancel / no-op-finish restore "
+            "this exact value so a user's non-identity pre-edit scale isn't silently "
+            "zeroed by the scale-based preview."
+        ),
+    )
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        is_editing: bool
+        mesh_dirty: bool
+        length: float
+        snap_length: float
+        snap_object_scale_z: float
+
+
+class BIMDuctSegmentProperties(PropertyGroup):
+    """Transient draft state for parametric duct-segment gizmo editing."""
+
+    is_editing: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        default=False,
+        description="True while duct-segment parametric edit mode is active.",
+    )
+    mesh_dirty: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        default=False,
+        options={"HIDDEN", "SKIP_SAVE"},
+        description=(
+            "True while the visible mesh is the preview shape; cleared once the "
+            "real IFC-derived geometry is restored (on commit or cancel)."
+        ),
+    )
+    length: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        name="Length",
+        default=1.0,
+        min=0.01,
+        subtype="DISTANCE",
+        update=update_duct_segment,
+        description="Duct-segment extrusion length (preview value; committed on finish).",
+    )
+    snap_length: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        description="Snapshot of length at edit-enable; commit skips no-op writes.",
+    )
+    snap_object_scale_z: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        default=1.0,
+        description=(
+            "Snapshot of obj.scale.z at edit-enable. Cancel / no-op-finish restore "
+            "this exact value so a user's non-identity pre-edit scale isn't silently "
+            "zeroed by the scale-based preview."
+        ),
+    )
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        is_editing: bool
+        mesh_dirty: bool
+        length: float
+        snap_length: float
+        snap_object_scale_z: float
+
+
+class BIMBendPreviewProperties(PropertyGroup):
+    """Scene-level pending state for the bend-creation preview flow.
+
+    Scene-level (not per-object) because the bend involves two segments by
+    IFC id — neither alone owns the draft."""
+
+    is_active: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        default=False,
+        options={"SKIP_SAVE"},
+        description="True while the bend-creation preview flow is active.",
+    )
+    start_segment_id: bpy.props.IntProperty(
+        default=0,
+        options={"SKIP_SAVE"},
+        description="IFC element id of the start (active) segment.",
+    )
+    end_segment_id: bpy.props.IntProperty(
+        default=0,
+        options={"SKIP_SAVE"},
+        description="IFC element id of the end (other selected) segment.",
+    )
+    start_length: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        name="Start Length",
+        default=0.1,
+        min=0.001,
+        subtype="DISTANCE",
+        description="Length of the bend fitting's tangent leg on the start (active) segment side",
+    )
+    end_length: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        name="End Length",
+        default=0.1,
+        min=0.001,
+        subtype="DISTANCE",
+        description="Length of the bend fitting's tangent leg on the end (other) segment side",
+    )
+    radius: bpy.props.FloatProperty(
+        name="Radius",
+        default=0.2,
+        min=0.001,
+        subtype="DISTANCE",
+        description="Inner radius of the bend curve",
+    )
+    editing_bend_id: bpy.props.IntProperty(
+        default=0,
+        options={"SKIP_SAVE"},
+        description=(
+            "IFC element id of an existing bend fitting being re-edited "
+            "(non-zero only on the pen-icon re-edit flow). The create "
+            "operator deletes this bend + its port connections before "
+            "recreating with the new parameters."
+        ),
+    )
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        is_active: bool
+        start_segment_id: int
+        end_segment_id: int
+        start_length: float
+        end_length: float
+        radius: float
+        editing_bend_id: int
+
+
 class BIMWallFilletPreviewProperties(PropertyGroup):
     """Scene-level pending state for the wall-fillet preview flow.
 
@@ -1980,7 +2183,29 @@ class BIMWallFilletPreviewProperties(PropertyGroup):
 class BIMPreviewProperties(PropertyGroup):
     """Umbrella for parametric-edit preview drafts attached to ``Scene``."""
 
+    bend: bpy.props.PointerProperty(type=BIMBendPreviewProperties)
     wall_fillet: bpy.props.PointerProperty(type=BIMWallFilletPreviewProperties)
 
     if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        bend: BIMBendPreviewProperties
         wall_fillet: BIMWallFilletPreviewProperties
+
+
+class BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs(PropertyGroup):
+    """Session-scoped flag for the parametric-edit pen-icon dispatcher.
+
+    Attached to ``WindowManager`` so the state lives for one Blender session
+    and resets on restart — the right scope for "don't show this again for
+    this session" toggles."""
+
+    suppress_shared_rep_warning: bpy.props.BoolProperty(
+        name="Suppress shared-representation warning",
+        description=(
+            "When true, the pen-icon dispatcher skips the shared-geometry "
+            "confirmation dialog. Resets on Blender restart."
+        ),
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        suppress_shared_rep_warning: bool

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/railing.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 
 import json
+import math
 from typing import Any
 
 import bmesh
@@ -27,14 +28,24 @@ import ifcopenshell.api.geometry
 import ifcopenshell.api.pset
 import ifcopenshell.util.representation
 import ifcopenshell.util.unit
-from mathutils import Vector
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
 
 import bonsai.core.geometry
 import bonsai.core.root
 import bonsai.tool as tool
+from bonsai.bim.module.drawing import gizmos as gizmo
+from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import DimensionGizmoConfig
+from bonsai.bim.module.model import prop
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.data import RailingData, refresh
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import ProfileDecorator
-from bonsai.bim.parametric_lifecycle import PathPreservingEditMixin
+from bonsai.bim.parametric_lifecycle import (
+    CycleTypeMixin,
+    PathPreservingEditMixin,
+    PickTypeMixin,
+)
+from bonsai.tool.cad import WELD_TOLERANCE
+
+V_ = tool.Blender.V_
 
 # reference:
 # https://ifc43-docs.standards.buildingsmart.org/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRailing.htm
@@ -125,6 +136,56 @@ def update_bbim_railing_pset(element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance, railing_data
     ifcopenshell.api.pset.edit_pset(tool.Ifc.get(), pset=pset, properties={"Data": railing_data})
 
 
+def generate_wall_mounted_handrail_preview(
+    obj: bpy.types.Object,
+    props: "BIMRailingProperties",
+    path_data: dict[str, Any],
+    si_conversion: float,
+) -> None:
+    """Viewport-only WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL preview: rebuild ``obj.data`` from the same
+    geometry helper the IFC representation builder uses, without writing any IFC."""
+    railing_path = [Vector(v) * si_conversion for v in path_data["verts"]]
+    looped_path = path_data["edges"][-1][-1] == path_data["edges"][0][0]
+
+    geom = ifcopenshell.api.geometry.compute_wall_mounted_handrail_geometry(
+        railing_path=railing_path,
+        support_spacing=props.support_spacing,
+        railing_diameter=props.railing_diameter,
+        clear_width=props.clear_width,
+        height=props.height,
+        use_manual_supports=props.use_manual_supports,
+        terminal_type=props.terminal_type,
+        looped_path=looped_path,
+        unit_scale=1.0,  # props are already SI; bypass the IFC project-units conversion
+    )
+
+    bm = tool.Blender.get_bmesh_for_mesh(obj.data, clean=True)
+
+    tool.Cad.sweep_disk_along_polyline(
+        bm,
+        [Vector(p) for p in geom.handrail_polyline],
+        geom.handrail_radius,
+        arc_indices=geom.handrail_arc_point_indices,
+    )
+
+    for support in geom.supports:
+        tool.Cad.sweep_disk_along_polyline(
+            bm,
+            [Vector(p) for p in support.arc_polyline],
+            support.arc_radius,
+        )
+        tool.Cad.add_disk_extrusion(
+            bm,
+            Vector(support.disk_position),
+            support.disk_radius,
+            support.disk_depth,
+            support.disk_z_rotation,
+        )
+
+    bmesh.ops.recalc_face_normals(bm, faces=bm.faces[:])
+    tool.Blender.apply_bmesh(obj.data, bm)
+
+
 def update_railing_modifier_bmesh(context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
     """before using should make sure that Data contains up-to-date information.
     If BBIM Pset just changed should call refresh() before updating bmesh
@@ -140,6 +201,13 @@ def update_railing_modifier_bmesh(context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
     path_data = RailingData.data["path_data"]
 
     si_conversion = ifcopenshell.util.unit.calculate_unit_scale(tool.Ifc.get())
+
+    # WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL renders the preview from the compute helper; IFC stays
+    # untouched until Finish Editing rebuilds the representation.
+    if not props.is_editing_path and props.railing_type == "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL":
+        generate_wall_mounted_handrail_preview(obj, props, path_data, si_conversion)
+        return
+
     # need to make sure we support edit mode
     # since users will probably be in edit mode when they'll be changing railing path
     bm = tool.Blender.get_bmesh_for_mesh(obj.data, clean=True)
@@ -165,8 +233,6 @@ def update_railing_modifier_bmesh(context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
         thickness = props.thickness
         spacing = props.spacing
 
-        # spacing
-        # split each edge in 3 segments by 0.5 * spacing by x-y plane
         main_edges = bm.edges[:]
         for main_edge in main_edges:
             bm_split_edge_at_offset(main_edge, spacing)
@@ -211,7 +277,7 @@ def update_railing_modifier_bmesh(context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
         bmesh.ops.dissolve_edges(bm, edges=edges_to_dissolve)
         bmesh.ops.dissolve_verts(bm, verts=verts_to_dissolve)
         # to remove unnecessary verts in 0 spacing case
-        bmesh.ops.remove_doubles(bm, verts=bm.verts, dist=0.0001)
+        bmesh.ops.remove_doubles(bm, verts=bm.verts, dist=WELD_TOLERANCE)
 
         bmesh.ops.recalc_face_normals(bm, faces=bm.faces[:])
 
@@ -271,8 +337,8 @@ def get_path_data(obj: bpy.types.Object) -> dict[str, Any]:
             segments.append((i - 1, 0))
             break
 
-        # skip path verts if they just go vertical to avoid errors
-        if (v.co.xy - prev_v.co.xy).length <= 0.0001:
+        # Vertical-only segments project to a degenerate XY edge; skip to avoid divide-by-zero downstream.
+        if (v.co.xy - prev_v.co.xy).length <= WELD_TOLERANCE:
             continue
 
         points.append(v.co)
@@ -407,9 +473,8 @@ class CopyRailingParameters(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
 
 
 class _RailingEditMixin(PathPreservingEditMixin):
-    """Type-specific hooks for railing parametric-edit operators. Single-object
-    (active_object). ``path_data`` is preserved through the edit; the separate
-    ``Enable/Finish/CancelEditingRailingPath`` operators handle path editing."""
+    """Single-object (active_object) railing-edit hooks; path_data is preserved
+    through the edit (path editing is a separate operator family)."""
 
     pset_name = "BBIM_Railing"
 
@@ -436,7 +501,21 @@ class _RailingEditMixin(PathPreservingEditMixin):
         update_railing_modifier_ifc_data(context)
 
     @classmethod
-    def _update_modifier_bmesh(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+    def _restore_viewport_after_cancel(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        """WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL reloads the committed Body; others rebuild the preview bmesh."""
+        props = tool.Model.get_railing_props(obj)
+        if props.railing_type == "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL":
+            element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+            assert element
+            body = ifcopenshell.util.representation.get_representation(element, "Model", "Body", "MODEL_VIEW")
+            if body:
+                bonsai.core.geometry.switch_representation(
+                    tool.Ifc,
+                    tool.Geometry,
+                    obj=obj,
+                    representation=body,
+                )
+            return
         update_railing_modifier_bmesh(context)
 
 
@@ -467,6 +546,554 @@ class FinishEditingRailing(_RailingEditMixin, bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Opera
         return self._finish_targets(context)
 
 
+class CycleRailingType(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator, CycleTypeMixin):
+    """Cycle railing_type (FRAMELESS_PANEL ↔ WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL). Shift+click reverses."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.cycle_railing_type"
+    bl_label = "Cycle Railing Type"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    element_checker = tool.Parametric.is_railing
+    props_getter = tool.Model.get_railing_props
+    type_literal = tool.Model.RailingType
+    type_attr = "railing_type"
+
+    def _execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        return self._cycle_type(context)
+
+
+class ToggleRailingUseManualSupports(bpy.types.Operator):
+    """Flip use_manual_supports on the active WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL railing.
+
+    No-op unless a parametric edit is active and the railing is wall-mounted.
+    """
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.toggle_railing_use_manual_supports"
+    bl_label = "Toggle Railing Manual Supports"
+    bl_description = "Switch between automatic support spacing and manual per-vertex placement"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context):
+        resolved = tool.Model.resolve_active_props_for_edit(
+            context,
+            tool.Model.get_railing_props,
+            subtype=("railing_type", "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL"),
+        )
+        if resolved is None:
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        _obj, props = resolved
+        props.use_manual_supports = not props.use_manual_supports
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class PickRailingTerminalType(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator, PickTypeMixin):
+    """Pick ``terminal_type`` for the active WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL railing."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.pick_railing_terminal_type"
+    bl_label = "Pick Railing Terminal Type"
+    bl_description = "Pick the cap geometry applied at the rail ends"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    skip_element_check = True
+    props_getter = tool.Model.get_railing_props
+    type_literal = prop.CapType
+    type_attr = "terminal_type"
+
+    def _execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        if (
+            tool.Model.resolve_active_props_for_edit(
+                context,
+                tool.Model.get_railing_props,
+                subtype=("railing_type", "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL"),
+            )
+            is None
+        ):
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        return self._pick_type(context)
+
+
+def _format_attr_distance(attr_name: str):
+    """text_formatter that renders the named property as a distance, ignoring the
+    dimension's visible-length argument (which is fixed for schematic gizmos)."""
+    return lambda p, _v: tool.Unit.format_distance(getattr(p, attr_name))
+
+
+class GizmoRailingSchematic(bpy.types.GizmoGroup, gizmo.BaseSchematicGizmoGroup):
+    """Schematic-frame parametric editor for railings. Mutually exclusive with path-edit mode."""
+
+    bl_idname = "OBJECT_GGT_bim_railing_edition"
+    bl_label = "Railing Editing Gizmo"
+    bl_space_type = "VIEW_3D"
+    bl_region_type = "WINDOW"
+    bl_options = {"3D", "PERSISTENT"}
+
+    enable_editing_operator = "bim.enable_editing_railing"
+    finish_editing_operator = "bim.finish_editing_railing"
+    cancel_editing_operator = "bim.cancel_editing_railing"
+    cycle_type_operator = "bim.cycle_railing_type"
+
+    props_getter = tool.Model.get_railing_props
+    gizmo_pref_name = "railing"
+
+    # Schematic-local layout. +X → screen RIGHT, +Y → screen UP, +Z → toward viewer
+    # (post billboard rotation). Each dimension is anchored alongside the feature it
+    # measures so the label, not the bar length, carries the value.
+    SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC = 0.9  # Mesh top edge in schematic-local +Y
+    SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC = 0.7  # Mesh side edges in schematic-local ±X
+    SCHEMATIC_MESH_RAIL_Y_FRAC = SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC / 2  # WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL rail centreline
+    SCHEMATIC_MESH_DEPTH_FRAC = 0.06  # Panel depth — small so the schematic reads as slabs not boxes
+    # WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL dimensions — fractions of schematic_box_size so they
+    # scale with the host group's box size.
+    SCHEMATIC_RAIL_RADIUS_FRAC = 0.05
+    SCHEMATIC_RAIL_CLEAR_FRAC = 0.5  # Stylised — wider than real-world for visible bracket arm
+    SCHEMATIC_RAIL_INSET_FRAC = 0.08  # Wall extends past the outermost support on both sides
+
+    @classmethod
+    def schematic_rail_radius(cls) -> float:
+        return cls.schematic_box_size * cls.SCHEMATIC_RAIL_RADIUS_FRAC
+
+    @classmethod
+    def schematic_rail_clear(cls) -> float:
+        return cls.schematic_box_size * cls.SCHEMATIC_RAIL_CLEAR_FRAC
+
+    # Axonometric 3/4 view: +Z projects down-and-left so the depth axis
+    # is visibly separated from the back face. Without the X tilt, panel
+    # thickness (schematic-local Z) collapses to a near-horizontal bar.
+    schematic_view_rotation = Matrix.Rotation(math.radians(20), 4, "X") @ Matrix.Rotation(math.radians(-25), 4, "Y")
+
+    # Hover a dimension → highlight the schematic edges tagged with the matching feature.
+    # Tags are written by the mesh builders. "spacing" is empty space (no edges) so it's
+    # absent from this map and gracefully no-ops on hover.
+    schematic_attr_to_feature = {
+        "height": "panel_height",
+        "thickness": "panel_thickness",
+        "railing_diameter": "rail_tube",
+        "clear_width": "bracket",
+        "support_spacing": "bracket",
+    }
+
+    schematic_dimension_props = [
+        # ── FRAMELESS_PANEL ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+        DimensionGizmoConfig(
+            attr_name="height",
+            axis=(0, 1, 0),
+            min_value=0.01,
+            # Gated to FRAMELESS_PANEL: in WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL, height only
+            # feeds TO_FLOOR / TO_END_POST_AND_FLOOR terminals so dragging it
+            # is a no-op under the default "180" terminal.
+            visibility_condition=lambda p: p.railing_type == "FRAMELESS_PANEL",
+            matrix_position=lambda p: Vector((-GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC / 2 - 0.08, 0.0, 0.0)),
+            schematic_visible_length=SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC,
+            text_formatter=_format_attr_distance("height"),
+        ),
+        DimensionGizmoConfig(
+            attr_name="thickness",
+            axis=(0, 0, 1),  # panel depth — projects to a true depth direction under the 3/4 tilt
+            min_value=0.005,
+            visibility_condition=lambda p: p.railing_type == "FRAMELESS_PANEL",
+            matrix_position=lambda p: Vector(
+                (
+                    (
+                        -GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC / 2
+                        - GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_GAP_HALF_WIDTH
+                    )
+                    / 2,
+                    GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC + 0.05,
+                    -GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_DEPTH_FRAC / 2,
+                )
+            ),
+            schematic_visible_length=0.4,  # longer than default to survive depth foreshortening
+            text_formatter=_format_attr_distance("thickness"),
+        ),
+        DimensionGizmoConfig(
+            attr_name="spacing",
+            axis=(1, 0, 0),
+            min_value=0.0,  # zero-spacing collapses the picket gap into a single continuous panel
+            visibility_condition=lambda p: p.railing_type == "FRAMELESS_PANEL",
+            matrix_position=lambda p: Vector((0.0, -0.1, 0.0)),
+            text_formatter=_format_attr_distance("spacing"),
+        ),
+        # ── WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL ──────────────────────────────────────
+        DimensionGizmoConfig(
+            attr_name="railing_diameter",
+            axis=(0, 1, 0),
+            min_value=0.001,
+            visibility_condition=lambda p: p.railing_type == "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL",
+            matrix_position=lambda p: Vector(
+                (
+                    -GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC / 2 - 0.05,
+                    GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_RAIL_Y_FRAC - 0.09,
+                    GizmoRailingSchematic.schematic_rail_clear(),
+                )
+            ),
+            text_formatter=_format_attr_distance("railing_diameter"),
+        ),
+        DimensionGizmoConfig(
+            attr_name="clear_width",
+            axis=(0, 0, 1),  # +Z is the wall-to-rail perpendicular axis under the 3/4 tilt
+            min_value=0.001,
+            visibility_condition=lambda p: p.railing_type == "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL",
+            matrix_position=lambda p: Vector(
+                (
+                    0.0,
+                    GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_RAIL_Y_FRAC,
+                    0.0,
+                )
+            ),
+            schematic_visible_length=0.36,  # 2× default so the call-out survives depth projection
+            text_formatter=_format_attr_distance("clear_width"),
+        ),
+        DimensionGizmoConfig(
+            attr_name="support_spacing",
+            axis=(1, 0, 0),
+            min_value=0.05,
+            visibility_condition=lambda p: (p.railing_type == "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL" and not p.use_manual_supports),
+            matrix_position=lambda p: Vector(
+                (
+                    -GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC / 2
+                    + GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_RAIL_INSET_FRAC,
+                    -0.18,
+                    0.0,
+                )
+            ),
+            # Bare names (not Gizmo…SCHEMATIC_…) because the class is still under construction here.
+            schematic_visible_length=SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC - 2 * SCHEMATIC_RAIL_INSET_FRAC,
+            text_formatter=_format_attr_distance("support_spacing"),
+        ),
+    ]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_element_type(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> bool:
+        return tool.Parametric.is_railing(element)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def schematic_cache_key(cls, props) -> tuple:
+        """Cache the schematic mesh by ``railing_type`` — proportions are fixed
+        per type, so the bmesh build runs at most twice across a session
+        (once for ``FRAMELESS_PANEL``, once for ``WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL``)
+        rather than once per draw call."""
+        return (props.railing_type,)
+
+    def setup_element_specific_gizmos(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        """Create the WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL-only affordances on the schematic.
+
+        Two static lock glyphs (open/closed) for toggling
+        ``use_manual_supports``: instantiate both and let the per-frame state
+        query pick which one to show. State-aware icons use a static pair
+        rather than a single dynamic gizmo to avoid ``prop_path`` resolution
+        in the render path.
+
+        Plus a cycle-glyph at the rail end that opens the ``terminal_type``
+        popup when clicked.
+        """
+        default_color, highlight_color = self.get_decoration_colors()
+
+        self.lock_open_gizmo, self.lock_closed_gizmo = self.create_icon_gizmo_lock_pair(
+            "bim.toggle_railing_use_manual_supports",
+            open_color=default_color,
+        )
+
+        self.terminal_gizmo = self.gizmos.new("VIEW3D_GT_menu")
+        self.terminal_gizmo.color = default_color
+        self.terminal_gizmo.color_highlight = highlight_color
+        self.terminal_gizmo.use_draw_scale = False
+        self.terminal_gizmo.alpha = 0.8
+        self.terminal_gizmo.target_set_operator("bim.pick_railing_terminal_type")
+
+    def _refresh_element_specific(self, context: bpy.types.Context, mw: "Matrix", props) -> None:
+        """Position and gate the WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL-only gizmos.
+
+        - Lock glyphs: only WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL while editing. Show
+          ``lock_open`` when ``use_manual_supports`` is True, the closed
+          padlock when False ("auto-spacing is locked to support_spacing").
+        - Terminal gizmo: same gating, positioned just past the right rail
+          end so it reads as "configure the rail's end cap".
+        """
+        super()._refresh_element_specific(context, mw, props)
+
+        # ``draw_prepare`` can fire on a freshly recreated GizmoGroup instance
+        # before ``setup_element_specific_gizmos`` has populated the lock /
+        # terminal attributes (Blender 5.x recreates per-region groups on
+        # reload). Bail out cheaply; the next refresh after setup completes
+        # will reposition them correctly.
+        if not hasattr(self, "lock_open_gizmo"):
+            return
+
+        # Single gate for all WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL extras.
+        active = props.is_editing and not props.is_editing_path and props.railing_type == "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL"
+
+        if not active:
+            self.lock_open_gizmo.hide = True
+            self.lock_closed_gizmo.hide = True
+            self.terminal_gizmo.hide = True
+            return
+
+        billboard_rot = self._frame_billboard_rot
+        view_rotation = self.schematic_view_rotation
+        anchor = self._compute_schematic_anchor(props, mw, billboard_rot)
+
+        # ── Lock glyphs for use_manual_supports ──────────────────────────
+        # Sit just above the wall's bottom line, near the centre of the
+        # schematic — visually grouped with the dimension it controls
+        # (support_spacing) without overlapping the arrow tail below.
+        is_manual = bool(props.use_manual_supports)
+        self.lock_open_gizmo.hide = not is_manual
+        self.lock_closed_gizmo.hide = is_manual
+        lock_local = Vector((0.0, 0.05, 0.0))
+        lock_world = anchor + billboard_rot @ view_rotation @ lock_local
+        lock_matrix = gizmo.billboarded_at(lock_world, billboard_rot, 0.09)
+        self.lock_open_gizmo.matrix_basis = lock_matrix
+        self.lock_closed_gizmo.matrix_basis = lock_matrix
+
+        # ── Terminal-type popup gizmo at the right rail end ──────────────
+        # Pushed well past the right wall edge so the icon doesn't crowd
+        # the wall outline or the bracket attach point. At rail height and
+        # rail depth so it reads as "attached to the rail terminal".
+        self.terminal_gizmo.hide = False
+        terminal_local = Vector(
+            (
+                self.SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC / 2 + 0.25,
+                self.SCHEMATIC_MESH_RAIL_Y_FRAC,
+                self.schematic_rail_clear(),
+            )
+        )
+        terminal_world = anchor + billboard_rot @ view_rotation @ terminal_local
+        self.terminal_gizmo.matrix_basis = gizmo.billboarded_at(terminal_world, billboard_rot, 0.18)
+
+    def update_editing_gizmos(self, context: bpy.types.Context, mw: "Matrix", props: "BIMRailingProperties") -> None:
+        """Hide the pen gizmo while polyline path-edit is active; reposition the cycle icon.
+
+        The base class shows the pen gizmo whenever ``is_editing`` is False,
+        which is the case during path-edit too. Allowing the user to click
+        through into parametric edit while the polyline mesh is open in EDIT
+        mode mixes two distinct editing states and leaves a stale draft if
+        they cancel out — block the entry point instead. The operator itself
+        is intentionally not guarded (callers via scripting can still invoke
+        it); this is the UX-level enforcement.
+
+        The cycle icon defaults to the editing icon row (next to validate /
+        cancel) via the parent's positioning. We move it to just above the
+        schematic mesh so it reads as "cycle the railing type *shown here*"
+        — associated with the preview the user is interacting with, not a
+        generic editing button at the bottom of the schematic.
+        """
+        super().update_editing_gizmos(context, mw, props)
+        if props.is_editing_path:
+            self.pen_gizmo.hide = True
+
+        if props.is_editing and not props.is_editing_path:
+            billboard_rot = self._frame_billboard_rot
+            view_rotation = self.schematic_view_rotation
+            anchor = self._compute_schematic_anchor(props, mw, billboard_rot)
+            # Comfortably above the mesh top edge so the icon doesn't crowd
+            # the ``thickness`` / ``clear_width`` dimension callouts that
+            # already sit just above the panel/wall.
+            cycle_local = Vector((0.0, self.SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC + 0.25, 0.0))
+            world_pos = anchor + billboard_rot @ view_rotation @ cycle_local
+            # 30% smaller than the editing-icon-row default (0.30 → 0.21):
+            # the cycle is a tertiary affordance compared to pen/validate/cancel.
+            self.cycle_gizmo.matrix_basis = gizmo.billboarded_at(world_pos, billboard_rot, 0.21)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def build_schematic_mesh(cls, props) -> "bmesh.types.BMesh":
+        """Build a wireframe preview of the railing in schematic-local coordinates.
+
+        FRAMELESS_PANEL renders as a box whose proportions track the bound
+        properties (height / thickness / spacing); WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL
+        renders as a horizontal tube with two L-shaped supports whose
+        proportions track railing_diameter / clear_width / support_spacing.
+        Both are scaled to fit inside ``[-schematic_box_size, +schematic_box_size]``
+        on each axis so the schematic reads the same regardless of absolute
+        property values.
+
+        The mesh is decorative — clicks land on the labeled sliders, not on
+        the preview geometry. See ``BaseSchematicGizmoGroup`` for the
+        draw-handler lifecycle.
+        """
+        bm = bmesh.new()
+        if props.railing_type == "FRAMELESS_PANEL":
+            cls._build_frameless_panel_schematic(bm, props)
+        else:
+            cls._build_wall_mounted_handrail_schematic(bm, props)
+        return bm
+
+    # Schematic-local half-width of the visible gap between the two panel boxes.
+    # Conveys the "spacing" semantic at a glance — the user sees two pickets
+    # separated by air, with the spacing dimension emerging from that gap.
+    SCHEMATIC_MESH_GAP_HALF_WIDTH = 0.05
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_frameless_panel_schematic(cls, bm: "bmesh.types.BMesh", props) -> None:
+        """Stylised panel: two wireframe boxes with a visible gap between them.
+
+        The box edges sit at the ``SCHEMATIC_MESH_*_FRAC`` positions
+        (matching where the dimension gizmos anchor), so each dimension line
+        visually starts at the geometry feature it measures. Internal
+        proportions are stable across drags — the actual values are shown
+        through the dimension labels, while the schematic communicates
+        which feature each label refers to. The gap between the two boxes
+        (set by ``SCHEMATIC_MESH_GAP_HALF_WIDTH``) gives the "spacing"
+        dimension a real visual referent.
+
+        Edges are tagged on a string layer so hover-highlight can colour
+        the geometric feature being measured: vertical edges → height,
+        depth edges → thickness. The X-aligned edges along the panel
+        width are untagged (they don't correspond to a single dimension).
+        """
+        hw = cls.SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC / 2
+        hd = cls.SCHEMATIC_MESH_DEPTH_FRAC / 2
+        h_top = cls.SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC
+        gap = cls.SCHEMATIC_MESH_GAP_HALF_WIDTH
+
+        layer_name = cls.SCHEMATIC_FEATURE_LAYER_NAME
+        feat_layer = bm.edges.layers.string.get(layer_name) or bm.edges.layers.string.new(layer_name)
+
+        # Edge index → feature tag for one box. Order matches the (a, b)
+        # tuple order below: bottom ring (4) + top ring (4) + verticals (4).
+        edge_tags_per_box = (
+            b"",  # (0,1) bottom-back, X-aligned
+            b"panel_thickness",  # (1,2) bottom-right, Z-aligned
+            b"",  # (2,3) bottom-front, X-aligned
+            b"panel_thickness",  # (3,0) bottom-left, Z-aligned
+            b"",  # (4,5) top-back, X-aligned
+            b"panel_thickness",  # (5,6) top-right, Z-aligned
+            b"",  # (6,7) top-front, X-aligned
+            b"panel_thickness",  # (7,4) top-left, Z-aligned
+            b"panel_height",  # (0,4) vertical back-left
+            b"panel_height",  # (1,5) vertical back-right
+            b"panel_height",  # (2,6) vertical front-right
+            b"panel_height",  # (3,7) vertical front-left
+        )
+
+        # Build two separate wireframe boxes — one on each side of the central
+        # gap. The boxes share the same Y range (0..h_top) and Z range (±hd)
+        # but split the X range so the gap from -gap to +gap stays empty.
+        for x_left, x_right in ((-hw, -gap), (gap, hw)):
+            corners = [
+                bm.verts.new((x_left, 0.0, -hd)),
+                bm.verts.new((x_right, 0.0, -hd)),
+                bm.verts.new((x_right, 0.0, hd)),
+                bm.verts.new((x_left, 0.0, hd)),
+                bm.verts.new((x_left, h_top, -hd)),
+                bm.verts.new((x_right, h_top, -hd)),
+                bm.verts.new((x_right, h_top, hd)),
+                bm.verts.new((x_left, h_top, hd)),
+            ]
+            for tag, (a, b) in zip(
+                edge_tags_per_box,
+                (
+                    (0, 1),
+                    (1, 2),
+                    (2, 3),
+                    (3, 0),  # bottom ring
+                    (4, 5),
+                    (5, 6),
+                    (6, 7),
+                    (7, 4),  # top ring
+                    (0, 4),
+                    (1, 5),
+                    (2, 6),
+                    (3, 7),  # vertical edges
+                ),
+            ):
+                edge = bm.edges.new((corners[a], corners[b]))
+                if tag:
+                    edge[feat_layer] = tag
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_wall_mounted_handrail_schematic(cls, bm: "bmesh.types.BMesh", props) -> None:
+        """Stylised wall-mounted handrail: wall outline, hex tube, two L-brackets.
+
+        Three visual elements convey "rail mounted on a wall":
+
+        - **Wall outline** — a wireframe rectangle in the YZ plane at ``z=0``,
+          extending slightly past the rail ends so the wall reads as a
+          surface the rail is *attached to* rather than a coincident frame.
+        - **Handrail tube** — a hexagonal cross-section extruded along ±X
+          at ``z=+clear_s`` (in front of the wall), at ``y=rail_y``.
+        - **L-shaped brackets** at each rail end — from the rail centreline
+          drop a short distance, then run perpendicular back to the wall
+          plane. Mirrors the standard wall-mount bracket geometry: a
+          horizontal arm holding the rail off the wall, a vertical drop
+          attaching to the rail.
+
+        Like ``_build_frameless_panel_schematic``, the schematic uses fixed
+        proportions so the dimension gizmos' anchor points stay aligned
+        with the geometry features regardless of property values.
+        """
+        half_len = cls.SCHEMATIC_MESH_WIDTH_FRAC / 2
+        wall_top = cls.SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC
+        rail_y = cls.SCHEMATIC_MESH_RAIL_Y_FRAC  # rail sits at half wall height
+        radius_s = cls.schematic_rail_radius()
+        clear_s = cls.schematic_rail_clear()
+
+        layer_name = cls.SCHEMATIC_FEATURE_LAYER_NAME
+        feat_layer = bm.edges.layers.string.get(layer_name) or bm.edges.layers.string.new(layer_name)
+
+        # ── Wall outline (rectangle at z=0, slightly wider than the rail) ──
+        # Spans the full schematic height; the rail attaches in the middle,
+        # so the wall reads as "continuing past the rail above and below".
+        # Wall edges stay untagged — they're background context, not a
+        # feature any dimension measures.
+        wall_extra = 0.08
+        wall_x_left = -half_len - wall_extra
+        wall_x_right = half_len + wall_extra
+        wall_corners = [
+            bm.verts.new((wall_x_left, 0.0, 0.0)),
+            bm.verts.new((wall_x_right, 0.0, 0.0)),
+            bm.verts.new((wall_x_right, wall_top, 0.0)),
+            bm.verts.new((wall_x_left, wall_top, 0.0)),
+        ]
+        for a, b in ((0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 0)):
+            bm.edges.new((wall_corners[a], wall_corners[b]))
+
+        # ── Handrail tube (hex cross-section in YZ, extruded along X) ──────
+        # Centred on the rail centreline at (±(half_len - rail_inset),
+        # rail_y, +clear_s) — in front of the wall plane at z=0. The tube
+        # is shorter than the wall so the wall visibly extends past it on
+        # both sides; the L-brackets sit at the tube ends, so the leftmost
+        # bracket no longer coincides with the wall's left edge.
+        rail_inset = cls.SCHEMATIC_RAIL_INSET_FRAC
+        rail_x_left = -half_len + rail_inset
+        rail_x_right = half_len - rail_inset
+        segments = 6
+        ring_left, ring_right = [], []
+        for i in range(segments):
+            theta = 2 * math.pi * i / segments
+            dy = math.cos(theta) * radius_s
+            dz = math.sin(theta) * radius_s
+            ring_left.append(bm.verts.new((rail_x_left, rail_y + dy, clear_s + dz)))
+            ring_right.append(bm.verts.new((rail_x_right, rail_y + dy, clear_s + dz)))
+        # All hex-tube edges tagged "rail_tube" so they highlight together
+        # when the railing_diameter dimension is hovered.
+        for i in range(segments):
+            j = (i + 1) % segments
+            e_left = bm.edges.new((ring_left[i], ring_left[j]))
+            e_right = bm.edges.new((ring_right[i], ring_right[j]))
+            e_axial = bm.edges.new((ring_left[i], ring_right[i]))
+            e_left[feat_layer] = b"rail_tube"
+            e_right[feat_layer] = b"rail_tube"
+            e_axial[feat_layer] = b"rail_tube"
+
+        # ── L-brackets at each rail end (rail → drop → wall) ───────────────
+        # Bracket attach points follow the rail ends, so they're pulled
+        # inward by ``rail_inset`` from the wall edges. From the rail
+        # centreline, drop ``bracket_drop`` in Y, then run perpendicular
+        # back to the wall plane (z=0). The L shape reads as a wall-mount
+        # bracket under the 3/4 tilt. Both bracket segments tagged
+        # "bracket" so they highlight when clear_width OR support_spacing
+        # is hovered (both dimensions measure features of the supports).
+        bracket_drop = 0.06
+        for x in (rail_x_left, rail_x_right):
+            v_rail = bm.verts.new((x, rail_y, clear_s))
+            v_corner = bm.verts.new((x, rail_y - bracket_drop, clear_s))
+            v_wall = bm.verts.new((x, rail_y - bracket_drop, 0.0))
+            e1 = bm.edges.new((v_rail, v_corner))
+            e2 = bm.edges.new((v_corner, v_wall))
+            e1[feat_layer] = b"bracket"
+            e2[feat_layer] = b"bracket"
+
+
 class FlipRailingPathOrder(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
     bl_idname = "bim.flip_railing_path_order"
     bl_label = "Flip Railing Path Order"
@@ -510,6 +1137,16 @@ class EnableEditingRailingPath(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
         [o.select_set(False) for o in context.selected_objects if o != obj]
         assert obj
         props = tool.Model.get_railing_props(obj)
+
+        # Auto-commit any in-progress parametric draft before switching to
+        # path-edit. ``set_props_kwargs_from_ifc_data`` a few lines below
+        # overwrites props with the pset's stored values — without committing
+        # first, anything the user dragged on a dimension gizmo (height,
+        # diameter, …) would be silently discarded the moment path-edit
+        # starts.
+        if props.is_editing:
+            tool.Parametric.commit_object_draft(obj, "bim.finish_editing_railing")
+
         data = tool.Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data(obj, "BBIM_Railing")["data_dict"]
         # required since we could load pset from .ifc and BIMRoofProperties won't be set
         props.set_props_kwargs_from_ifc_data(data)

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/slab.py

@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ class DumbSlabPlaner:
                 # For instances, a 30 degrees angled extrusion with positive direction has the same extrusion direction as a
                 # -150 degrees angled extrusion with negative direction. The difference lies in the object's rotation.
                 # This means that things can get messy if the user changes the object x angle somehow. We have to figure out an alternative approach.
-                existing_x_angle = obj.rotation_euler.x
+                existing_x_angle = tool.Model.get_existing_x_angle(extrusion)
                 existing_x_angle = 0 if tool.Cad.is_x(existing_x_angle, 0, tolerance=0.001) else existing_x_angle
                 existing_x_angle = 0 if tool.Cad.is_x(existing_x_angle, pi, tolerance=0.001) else existing_x_angle
                 existing_x_angle = 0 if tool.Cad.is_x(existing_x_angle, 2 * pi, tolerance=0.001) else existing_x_angle
@@ -620,6 +620,14 @@ class EnableEditingExtrusionProfile(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
     def _execute(self, context):
         self.unit_scale = ifcopenshell.util.unit.calculate_unit_scale(tool.Ifc.get())
         obj = context.active_object
+
+        # Commit any in-progress parametric (gizmo) draft on this object
+        # before switching to profile-edit. Otherwise the in-memory draft
+        # state is overwritten when the profile mesh is imported below,
+        # silently discarding the user's pending dimension edits.
+        if feature := tool.Parametric.is_object_editing(obj):
+            tool.Parametric.commit_object_draft(obj, feature.finish_op)
+
         element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
 
         body = ifcopenshell.util.representation.get_representation(element, "Model", "Body", "MODEL_VIEW")
@@ -991,3 +999,74 @@ class RecalculateSlab(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
 
         tool.Model.recalculate_walls(walls)
         return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class EnableEditingSlab(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
+    """Open the slab disconnect-access mode. Pure UI toggle: flips
+    ``obj.BIMSlabProperties.is_editing`` so the per-wall disconnect
+    gizmos surface on the slab. ``tool.Ifc.Operator`` base because the
+    parametric framework's universal dispatcher routes through
+    ``tool.Parametric.run_bim_op``, which only accepts that subclass for
+    undo-safe lifecycle. No IFC mutation."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.enable_editing_slab"
+    bl_label = "Edit Slab Connections"
+    bl_description = "Show disconnect icons for every wall clipped to this slab"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context):
+        obj = context.active_object
+        if obj is None:
+            return False
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        return element is not None and element.is_a("IfcSlab")
+
+    def _execute(self, context):
+        context.active_object.BIMSlabProperties.is_editing = True
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class CancelEditingSlab(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
+    """Close the slab disconnect-access mode."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.cancel_editing_slab"
+    bl_label = "Close Slab Edit"
+    bl_description = "Hide the slab disconnect icons"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context):
+        obj = context.active_object
+        if obj is None:
+            return False
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        return element is not None and element.is_a("IfcSlab")
+
+    def _execute(self, context):
+        context.active_object.BIMSlabProperties.is_editing = False
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class FinishEditingSlab(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
+    """Close the slab disconnect-access mode. Same body as Cancel — slab
+    edit is a pure UI gate with no IFC draft to commit; the framework
+    requires both ``bim.finish_editing_<name>`` and
+    ``bim.cancel_editing_<name>`` to exist by name convention."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.finish_editing_slab"
+    bl_label = "Finish Slab Edit"
+    bl_description = "Hide the slab disconnect icons"
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context):
+        obj = context.active_object
+        if obj is None:
+            return False
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        return element is not None and element.is_a("IfcSlab")
+
+    def _execute(self, context):
+        context.active_object.BIMSlabProperties.is_editing = False
+        return {"FINISHED"}

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/model/workspace.py

@@ -963,7 +963,11 @@ class EditObjectUI:
 
     @classmethod
     def draw_regen_operations(cls, row, ui_context):
-        if AuthoringData.data["is_regenable_element"]:
+        # ``AuthoringData.load`` flips ``is_loaded`` at entry as a recursion
+        # guard, so a partial load (any computation along the way raising)
+        # leaves the tail keys unset. ``.get()`` keeps the header draw alive
+        # until the underlying failure is investigated.
+        if AuthoringData.data.get("is_regenable_element"):
             row = cls.layout.row(align=True) if ui_context != "TOOL_HEADER" else row
             add_layout_hotkey_operator(row, "Regen", "S_G", "Recalculate Element Geometry", ui_context)
 
@@ -1317,7 +1321,7 @@ class Hotkey(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
                 bpy.ops.bim.recalculate_profile()
         elif self.active_class in ("IfcWindow", "IfcWindowStandardCase", "IfcDoor", "IfcDoorStandardCase"):
             bpy.ops.bim.recalculate_fill()
-        elif self.active_class in ("IfcSpace"):
+        elif self.active_class in ("IfcSpace",):
             bpy.ops.bim.generate_space()
 
     def hotkey_S_M(self):

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/patch/__init__.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import bpy
 from . import operator, prop, ui
 
 classes = (
+    operator.AddIfcPatchPreset,
     operator.ExecuteIfcPatch,
     operator.ExtractSelectedElements,
     operator.RunMigratePatch,
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ classes = (
     operator.SelectIfcPatchOutput,
     operator.UpdateIfcPatchArguments,
     prop.BIMPatchProperties,
+    ui.BIM_MT_ifc_patch_presets,
     ui.BIM_PT_patch,
 )
 

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/patch/operator.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, cast
 import bpy
 import ifcopenshell
 import ifcpatch
+from bl_operators.presets import AddPresetBase
 from bpy_extras.io_utils import ExportHelper, ImportHelper
 
 import bonsai.bim.handler
@@ -77,6 +78,27 @@ class ExecuteIfcPatch(bpy.types.Operator):
             return False
         return True
 
+    def invoke(self, context, event):
+        # Migrating IFC4 → IFC2X3 is lossy (enum drops, IFC4-only classes
+        # become IfcBuildingElementProxy, tessellated meshes get rebuilt as
+        # IfcFacetedBrep). Confirm before running so the user knows.
+        if tool.Patch.migration_is_lossy_downgrade():
+            return context.window_manager.invoke_props_dialog(self, width=480)
+        return self.execute(context)
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        layout = self.layout
+        layout.label(text="Downgrading to IFC2X3 is lossy.", icon="ERROR")
+        column = layout.column(align=True)
+        column.label(text="Geometry will be preserved as faithfully as possible:")
+        column.label(text="• IfcIndexedPolyCurve → IfcPolyline (arcs approximated by chords)")
+        column.label(text="• IfcPolygonalFaceSet / IfcTriangulatedFaceSet → IfcFacetedBrep")
+        column.separator()
+        column.label(text="The following information is lost:")
+        column.label(text="• IFC4-only classes (IfcLamp, IfcPipeSegment, …) → IfcBuildingElementProxy")
+        column.label(text="• PredefinedType enum values absent from IFC2X3 are dropped")
+        column.label(text="  (original class + enum saved as ObjectType, e.g. 'IfcLamp/COMPACTFLUORESCENT')")
+
     def execute(self, context):
         props = tool.Patch.get_patch_props()
         recipe_name = props.ifc_patch_recipes
@@ -224,3 +246,38 @@ class ExtractSelectedElements(bpy.types.Operator):
         query = tool.Search.get_query_for_selected_elements()
         props.ifc_patch_args_attr[0].string_value = query
         return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class AddIfcPatchPreset(AddPresetBase, bpy.types.Operator):
+    """Save / remove ifc-patch argument presets, scoped per recipe.
+
+    Presets live in the standard Blender preset directory under
+    ``bonsai/ifc_patch/<recipe>/`` so a preset created for ``ExtractElements``
+    does not pollute the preset list for ``Migrate``. Persistence across files
+    and sessions is inherited from Blender's preset system."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.add_ifc_patch_preset"
+    bl_label = "Add IFC Patch Preset"
+    preset_menu = "BIM_MT_ifc_patch_presets"
+    preset_defines = ["props = bpy.context.scene.BIMPatchProperties"]
+
+    @property
+    def preset_subdir(self) -> str:
+        return tool.Patch.get_preset_subdir()
+
+    @property
+    def preset_values(self) -> list[str]:
+        # `Attribute.get_value_name()` returns the storage field for the
+        # argument's data_type (string_value, bool_value, …). For file
+        # arguments it returns the wrapping PointerProperty (`filepath_value`)
+        # — the scalar path the preset needs is `.single_file` on that.
+        props = tool.Patch.get_patch_props()
+        values = []
+        for i, arg in enumerate(props.ifc_patch_args_attr):
+            field = arg.get_value_name()
+            if not field:
+                continue
+            if arg.data_type == "file":
+                field = f"{field}.single_file"
+            values.append(f"props.ifc_patch_args_attr[{i}].{field}")
+        return values

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/patch/prop.py

@@ -71,6 +71,15 @@ def get_ifcpatch_recipes(self: "BIMPatchProperties", context: bpy.types.Context)
 
 def update_ifc_patch_recipe(self: "BIMPatchProperties", context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
     bpy.ops.bim.update_ifc_patch_arguments(recipe=self.ifc_patch_recipes)
+    # Blender's script.execute_preset mutates the menu class's bl_label to
+    # the loaded preset's display name (used as a "currently selected"
+    # indicator). The label persists across recipe changes — making the new
+    # recipe's menu falsely show the previous recipe's preset name. Reset
+    # the label to the menu's canonical title so it always matches the
+    # active recipe's preset list.
+    menu_cls = getattr(bpy.types, "BIM_MT_ifc_patch_presets", None)
+    if menu_cls is not None:
+        menu_cls.bl_label = "IFC Patch Presets"
 
 
 class BIMPatchProperties(PropertyGroup):

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/patch/ui.py

@@ -29,6 +29,20 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from bonsai.bim.prop import Attribute
 
 
+class BIM_MT_ifc_patch_presets(bpy.types.Menu):
+    """Lists ifc-patch presets for the currently selected recipe.
+
+    ``preset_subdir`` is resolved per draw so switching recipes swaps the
+    preset list without re-registering the menu."""
+
+    bl_label = "IFC Patch Presets"
+    preset_operator = "script.execute_preset"
+
+    def draw(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        self.preset_subdir = tool.Patch.get_preset_subdir()
+        bpy.types.Menu.draw_preset(self, context)
+
+
 class BIM_PT_patch(bpy.types.Panel):
     bl_label = "Patch"
     bl_idname = "BIM_PT_patch"
@@ -66,6 +80,11 @@ class BIM_PT_patch(bpy.types.Panel):
                 row.operator("bim.patch_query_from_selected", text="", icon="EYEDROPPER")
 
         if props.ifc_patch_args_attr:
+            preset_row = layout.row(heading="Preset", align=True)
+            preset_row.menu("BIM_MT_ifc_patch_presets", text=BIM_MT_ifc_patch_presets.bl_label)
+            preset_row.operator("bim.add_ifc_patch_preset", text="", icon="ADD")
+            preset_row.operator("bim.add_ifc_patch_preset", text="", icon="REMOVE").remove_active = True
+
             draw_callback = draw_callback_ if props.ifc_patch_recipes == "ExtractElements" else None
             draw_attributes(props.ifc_patch_args_attr, layout, callback=draw_callback)
 

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/project/__init__.py

@@ -28,6 +28,12 @@ classes = (
     operator.AppendLibraryElementByQuery,
     operator.AssignLibraryDeclaration,
     operator.BIM_FH_import_ifc,
+    operator.BIM_OT_apply_pending_opening_cuts,
+    operator.BIM_OT_dismiss_multi_instance_warning,
+    operator.BIM_OT_dismiss_pending_array_repair,
+    operator.BIM_OT_dismiss_pending_opening_cuts,
+    operator.BIM_OT_select_pending_array_repair,
+    operator.BIM_OT_select_pending_opening_cuts,
     operator.BIM_OT_load_clipping_planes,
     operator.BIM_OT_save_clipping_planes,
     operator.ChangeLibraryElement,
@@ -82,6 +88,8 @@ classes = (
     prop.FilterCategory,
     prop.Link,
     prop.EditedObj,
+    prop.PendingArrayRepair,
+    prop.PendingOpeningRecut,
     prop.BIMProjectProperties,
     prop.MeasureToolSettings,
     ui.BIM_MT_new_project,

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/project/data.py

@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@ class ProjectLibraryData:
         library_file = IfcStore.library_file
         if library_file is None or library_file.schema == "IFC2X3":
             return results
-        project = library_file.by_type("IfcProject")[0]
-        results.append((str(project.id()), f"IfcProject {project.Name or 'Unnamed'}", project.Description or ""))
+        root = tool.Project.get_root_context(library_file)
+        results.append((str(root.id()), f"{root.is_a()} {root.Name or 'Unnamed'}", root.Description or ""))
         for library_id, data in cls.data["project_libraries"].items():
             results.append((str(library_id), data["Name"] or "Unnamed", data["Description"] or ""))
         return results

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/project/operator.py

@@ -281,9 +281,9 @@ class RefreshLibrary(bpy.types.Operator):
         elements = {e for e in elements if not tool.Project.is_element_assigned_to_project_library(e, rels)}
         self.props.add_library_project_library("Unassigned", len(elements), 0, False)
 
-        ifc_project = library_file.by_type("IfcProject")[0]
+        root_context = tool.Project.get_root_context(library_file)
         hierarchy = tool.Project.get_project_hierarchy(library_file)
-        tool.Project.load_project_libraries_to_ui(ifc_project, hierarchy)
+        tool.Project.load_project_libraries_to_ui(root_context, hierarchy)
         return {"FINISHED"}
 
 
@@ -763,7 +763,10 @@ class EditProjectLibrary(bpy.types.Operator):
         previous_parent_library = tool.Project.get_parent_library(project_library)
         new_parent_library = library_file.by_id(int(props.parent_library))
         if previous_parent_library != new_parent_library:
-            if previous_parent_library.is_a("IfcProject"):
+            if previous_parent_library is None:
+                # Edited library was a root in a library-only file; nest it under the new parent.
+                ifcopenshell.api.nest.assign_object(library_file, [project_library], new_parent_library)
+            elif previous_parent_library.is_a("IfcProject"):
                 # Then new one is IfcProjectLibrary.
                 ifcopenshell.api.nest.assign_object(library_file, [project_library], new_parent_library)
             else:  # Previous is IfcProjectLibrary.
@@ -804,9 +807,12 @@ class AddProjectLibrary(bpy.types.Operator):
         props = tool.Project.get_project_props()
         library_file = IfcStore.library_file
         assert library_file
-        project = library_file.by_type("IfcProject")[0]
+        root_context = tool.Project.get_root_context(library_file)
         project_library = ifcopenshell.api.root.create_entity(library_file, "IfcProjectLibrary")
-        ifcopenshell.api.project.assign_declaration(library_file, [project_library], project)
+        if root_context.is_a("IfcProject"):
+            ifcopenshell.api.project.assign_declaration(library_file, [project_library], root_context)
+        else:
+            ifcopenshell.api.nest.assign_object(library_file, [project_library], root_context)
         ProjectLibraryData.load()  # Update enum.
         props.selected_project_library = str(project_library.id())
         props.is_editing_project_library = True
@@ -1113,6 +1119,14 @@ class LoadProject(bpy.types.Operator, IFCFileSelector, ImportHelper):
                     f"Error loading IFC file from filepath '{filepath}'. See logs above in the system console for the details.",
                 )
                 return {"CANCELLED"}
+            if not tool.Ifc.get().by_type("IfcProject"):
+                self.report(
+                    {"ERROR"},
+                    "This file contains no IfcProject. It is likely an IFC project library — "
+                    "load it via Project Setup → Project Library → Select Library File instead.",
+                )
+                IfcStore.purge()
+                return {"CANCELLED"}
             props = tool.Project.get_project_props()
             props.is_loading = True
             props.total_elements = len(tool.Ifc.get().by_type("IfcElement"))
@@ -1223,6 +1237,30 @@ class LoadProjectElements(bpy.types.Operator):
         props = tool.Project.get_project_props()
         props.is_loading = False
 
+        # Stash elements the kernel skipped opening cuts on (HasOpenings > void_limit).
+        # The Project panel banner offers the user a one-click recut.
+        props.pending_opening_recut.clear()
+        if ifc_importer.gross_elements:
+            for element in ifc_importer.gross_elements:
+                item = props.pending_opening_recut.add()
+                item.ifc_definition_id = element.id()
+            self.report(
+                {"WARNING"},
+                f"{len(ifc_importer.gross_elements)} element(s) had too many openings and were loaded without cuts. "
+                f"Apply manually from the Project panel.",
+            )
+
+        props.pending_array_repair.clear()
+        if ifc_importer.broken_arrays:
+            for element in ifc_importer.broken_arrays:
+                item = props.pending_array_repair.add()
+                item.ifc_definition_id = element.id()
+            self.report(
+                {"WARNING"},
+                f"{len(ifc_importer.broken_arrays)} array parent(s) reference missing child GUIDs. "
+                f"Inspect from the Project panel.",
+            )
+
         tool.Project.load_default_thumbnails()
         tool.Project.set_default_context()
         tool.Project.set_default_modeling_dimensions()
@@ -3421,3 +3459,149 @@ class GenerateUVMap(bpy.types.Operator):
         tool.Loader.load_generated_uv_map(obj.data)
         self.report({"INFO"}, "Generated UV map for selected mesh.")
         return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_apply_pending_opening_cuts(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
+    """Recompute the wall mesh including opening subtractions for every host
+    that the load-time ``void_limit`` filter skipped. Clears the deferred
+    list on completion so the panel banner disappears."""
+
+    bl_idname = "bim.apply_pending_opening_cuts"
+    bl_label = "Apply Pending Opening Cuts"
+    bl_description = (
+        "Recompute meshes for elements whose openings were skipped at load because they had too many openings"
+    )
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def _execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        pending = tool.Project.get_project_props().pending_opening_recut
+        applied = 0
+        skipped = 0
+        failed = 0
+        for item in pending:
+            try:
+                element = tool.Ifc.get().by_id(item.ifc_definition_id)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                skipped += 1
+                continue
+            obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(element)
+            if obj is None:
+                skipped += 1
+                continue
+            body = ifcopenshell.util.representation.get_representation(element, "Model", "Body", "MODEL_VIEW")
+            if body is None:
+                skipped += 1
+                continue
+            try:
+                tool.Geometry.reimport_element_representations(obj, body, apply_openings=True)
+                applied += 1
+            except (RuntimeError, OSError, AttributeError) as exc:
+                # Programmer errors (TypeError, ValueError, etc.) must surface — don't swallow them.
+                failed += 1
+                print(f"apply_pending_opening_cuts: failed to recompute {element} ({exc})")
+
+        pending.clear()
+        message = f"Applied opening cuts to {applied} element(s)."
+        if skipped:
+            message += f" {skipped} entry/entries skipped (entity or object no longer available)."
+        if failed:
+            message += f" {failed} entry/entries failed (see system console)."
+            self.report({"WARNING"}, message)
+        else:
+            self.report({"INFO"}, message)
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_dismiss_pending_opening_cuts(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.dismiss_pending_opening_cuts"
+    bl_label = "Dismiss Pending Opening Cuts"
+    bl_description = "Clear the pending opening-cut list without applying it. Walls stay solid where openings would have been subtracted."
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        tool.Project.get_project_props().pending_opening_recut.clear()
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_dismiss_multi_instance_warning(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.dismiss_multi_instance_warning"
+    bl_label = "Dismiss Multi-Instance Warning"
+    bl_description = (
+        "Hide the warning that another Blender instance has this IFC file open. Sticky for the current session."
+    )
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER"}
+
+    def execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        from bonsai.bim.ifc import dismiss_multi_instance_warning
+
+        dismiss_multi_instance_warning()
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_select_pending_opening_cuts(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.select_pending_opening_cuts"
+    bl_label = "Select Elements With Skipped Opening Cuts"
+    bl_description = "Select the Blender objects whose openings were skipped at load. Useful for locating which elements need attention."
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+        if ifc_file is None:
+            self.report({"INFO"}, "No IFC file loaded.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        objects: list[bpy.types.Object] = []
+        for item in tool.Project.get_project_props().pending_opening_recut:
+            try:
+                element = ifc_file.by_id(item.ifc_definition_id)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                continue
+            obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(element)
+            if obj is not None:
+                objects.append(obj)
+        if not objects:
+            self.report({"INFO"}, "No matching Blender objects found for the pending list.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        tool.Blender.set_objects_selection(context, active_object=objects[0], selected_objects=objects)
+        self.report({"INFO"}, f"Selected {len(objects)} element(s).")
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_select_pending_array_repair(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.select_pending_array_repair"
+    bl_label = "Select Array Parents With Missing Children"
+    bl_description = "Select the Blender objects of array parents whose BBIM_Array.Data references children that don't resolve in the file."
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+        if ifc_file is None:
+            self.report({"INFO"}, "No IFC file loaded.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        objects: list[bpy.types.Object] = []
+        for item in tool.Project.get_project_props().pending_array_repair:
+            try:
+                element = ifc_file.by_id(item.ifc_definition_id)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                continue
+            obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(element)
+            if obj is not None:
+                objects.append(obj)
+        if not objects:
+            self.report({"INFO"}, "No matching Blender objects found for the pending list.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+        tool.Blender.set_objects_selection(context, active_object=objects[0], selected_objects=objects)
+        self.report({"INFO"}, f"Selected {len(objects)} array parent(s).")
+        return {"FINISHED"}
+
+
+class BIM_OT_dismiss_pending_array_repair(bpy.types.Operator):
+    bl_idname = "bim.dismiss_pending_array_repair"
+    bl_label = "Dismiss Pending Array Repair"
+    bl_description = (
+        "Clear the pending array-repair list without acting on it. The underlying BBIM_Array.Data stays unchanged."
+    )
+    bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+    def execute(self, context: bpy.types.Context) -> set[str]:
+        tool.Project.get_project_props().pending_array_repair.clear()
+        return {"FINISHED"}

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/project/prop.py

@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ def is_editing_project_library_update(self: "BIMProjectProperties", context: bpy
         project_library = library_file.by_id(int(self.selected_project_library))
         self.project_library_attributes.clear()
         bonsai.bim.helper.import_attributes(project_library, self.project_library_attributes)
-        self.parent_library = str(tool.Project.get_parent_library(project_library).id())
+        if parent_library := tool.Project.get_parent_library(project_library):
+            self.parent_library = str(parent_library.id())
         ProjectLibraryData.load()  # Show edit icon in enum.
         return
 
@@ -295,6 +296,28 @@ class LibraryBreadcrumb(PropertyGroup):
         library_id: int
 
 
+class PendingOpeningRecut(PropertyGroup):
+    """One element whose ``HasOpenings`` exceeded ``void_limit`` at load time
+    and was imported without opening subtractions. The user can later apply
+    them on demand from the Project panel banner."""
+
+    ifc_definition_id: IntProperty(name="IFC Definition ID")
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        ifc_definition_id: int
+
+
+class PendingArrayRepair(PropertyGroup):
+    """One array parent whose ``BBIM_Array.Data`` references at least one
+    child GUID that does not resolve in the current IFC file. The user can
+    select these parents from the Project panel banner to inspect them."""
+
+    ifc_definition_id: IntProperty(name="IFC Definition ID")
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        ifc_definition_id: int
+
+
 class BIMProjectProperties(PropertyGroup):
     is_editing: BoolProperty(name="Is Editing", default=False)
     is_loading: BoolProperty(name="Is Loading", default=False)
@@ -360,6 +383,8 @@ class BIMProjectProperties(PropertyGroup):
         default=30,
         description="Maxium number of openings that object can have. If object has more openings, it will be loaded without openings",
     )
+    pending_opening_recut: CollectionProperty(name="Pending Opening Recut", type=PendingOpeningRecut)
+    pending_array_repair: CollectionProperty(name="Pending Array Repair", type=PendingArrayRepair)
     style_limit: IntProperty(
         name="Style Limit",
         default=300,
@@ -525,6 +550,8 @@ class BIMProjectProperties(PropertyGroup):
         deflection_tolerance: float
         angular_tolerance: float
         void_limit: int
+        pending_opening_recut: bpy.types.bpy_prop_collection_idprop[PendingOpeningRecut]
+        pending_array_repair: bpy.types.bpy_prop_collection_idprop[PendingArrayRepair]
         style_limit: int
         distance_limit: float
         false_origin_mode: Literal["AUTOMATIC", "MANUAL", "DISABLED"]

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/system/decorator.py

@@ -15,9 +15,10 @@
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was modified with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
 
 
-import bmesh
 import bpy
 import gpu
 from bpy.app.handlers import persistent
@@ -78,15 +79,9 @@ class SystemDecorator:
         batch.draw(shader)
 
     def draw_faces(self, bm, vertices_coords):
-        """mutates original bm (triangulates it)
-        so the triangulation edges will be shown too
-        """
-        traingulated_bm = bm
-        bmesh.ops.triangulate(traingulated_bm, faces=traingulated_bm.faces)
-
-        face_indices = [[v.index for v in f.verts] for f in traingulated_bm.faces]
+        """Submit a non-mutating beauty-triangulated TRIS batch over ``bm``'s faces."""
         faces_color = transparent_color(self.addon_prefs.decorator_color_special)
-        self.draw_batch("TRIS", vertices_coords, faces_color, face_indices)
+        tool.Blender.draw_bmesh_face_tris(bm, vertices_coords, faces_color, self.draw_batch)
 
     def __call__(self, context, get_custom_bmesh=None, draw_faces=False, exit_edit_mode_callback=None):
         self.addon_prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/system/operator.py

@@ -317,13 +317,23 @@ class MEPConnectElements(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
     bl_label = "Connect MEP Elements"
     bl_description = "Connects two selected elements by their closest located ports and adjusts them"
     bl_options = {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
-    obj1_name: bpy.props.StringProperty(name="Object 1")
-    obj2_name: bpy.props.StringProperty(name="Object 2")
+    obj1_guid: bpy.props.StringProperty(name="Object 1 GlobalId")
+    obj2_guid: bpy.props.StringProperty(name="Object 2 GlobalId")
 
     def _execute(self, context):
-        if self.obj1_name and self.obj2_name:
-            obj1 = bpy.data.objects.get(self.obj1_name)
-            obj2 = bpy.data.objects.get(self.obj2_name)
+        if self.obj1_guid and self.obj2_guid:
+            ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+            try:
+                el1_lookup = ifc_file.by_guid(self.obj1_guid)
+                el2_lookup = ifc_file.by_guid(self.obj2_guid)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                self.report({"ERROR"}, "Could not resolve MEP elements from supplied GlobalIds.")
+                return {"CANCELLED"}
+            obj1 = tool.Ifc.get_object(el1_lookup)
+            obj2 = tool.Ifc.get_object(el2_lookup)
+            if not obj1 or not obj2:
+                self.report({"ERROR"}, "Supplied MEP elements have no Blender object bound.")
+                return {"CANCELLED"}
         else:
             if not context.selected_objects or len(context.selected_objects) != 2:
                 self.report({"ERROR"}, "Need to select 2 objects.")

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/module/type/operator.py

@@ -65,10 +65,28 @@ class AssignType(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
             if active_drawing:
                 active_target_view = tool.Drawing.get_drawing_target_view(active_drawing)
 
+        compatible: list[tuple[bpy.types.Object, ifcopenshell.entity_instance]] = []
+        skipped_classes: set[str] = set()
         for obj in related_objects:
             element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
             if not element or not element.is_a("IfcObject"):
                 continue
+            if not tool.Type.is_relating_type_compatible(element, relating_type):
+                skipped_classes.add(element.is_a())
+                continue
+            compatible.append((obj, element))
+
+        if skipped_classes:
+            self.report(
+                {"WARNING"},
+                f"Skipped {', '.join(sorted(skipped_classes))}: not a valid occurrence for " f"{relating_type.is_a()}.",
+            )
+
+        if not compatible:
+            self.report({"ERROR"}, f"No selected object can be typed by {relating_type.is_a()}.")
+            return {"CANCELLED"}
+
+        for obj, element in compatible:
             core.assign_type(tool.Ifc, tool.Model, tool.Type, element=element, type=relating_type)
 
             # Switch to the drawing's target view if available
@@ -376,12 +394,22 @@ class DuplicateType(bpy.types.Operator, tool.Ifc.Operator):
         if self.assign_selected_objects:
             selected_objects = tool.Blender.get_selected_objects()
             prefs = tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences()
+            skipped_classes: set[str] = set()
             for selected_obj in selected_objects:
                 selected_element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(selected_obj)
-                if selected_element and selected_element.is_a("IfcObject"):
-                    core.assign_type(tool.Ifc, tool.Model, tool.Type, element=selected_element, type=new)
-                    if prefs.occurrence_name_style == "TYPE":
-                        selected_obj.name = tool.Model.generate_occurrence_name(new, selected_element.is_a())
+                if not selected_element or not selected_element.is_a("IfcObject"):
+                    continue
+                if not tool.Type.is_relating_type_compatible(selected_element, new):
+                    skipped_classes.add(selected_element.is_a())
+                    continue
+                core.assign_type(tool.Ifc, tool.Model, tool.Type, element=selected_element, type=new)
+                if prefs.occurrence_name_style == "TYPE":
+                    selected_obj.name = tool.Model.generate_occurrence_name(new, selected_element.is_a())
+            if skipped_classes:
+                self.report(
+                    {"WARNING"},
+                    f"Skipped {', '.join(sorted(skipped_classes))}: not a valid occurrence for " f"{new.is_a()}.",
+                )
 
         if obj in context.selectable_objects:
             tool.Blender.select_and_activate_single_object(context, new_obj)

src/bonsai/bonsai/bim/ui.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ from natsort import natsorted
 import bonsai.bim
 import bonsai.bim.helper
 import bonsai.tool as tool
+from bonsai.bim.ifc import is_cache_locked_by_other_process
 from bonsai.bim.module.bsdd.prop import BIMBSDDProperties, BSDDProperty
 from bonsai.bim.module.model.prop import (
     BIMDoorProperties,
@@ -291,6 +292,8 @@ class GizmoPreferences(bpy.types.PropertyGroup):
     railing: BoolProperty(name="Railing", default=True)
     roof: BoolProperty(name="Roof", default=True)
     array: BoolProperty(name="Array", default=True)
+    pipe_segment: BoolProperty(name="Pipe Segment", default=True)
+    duct_segment: BoolProperty(name="Duct Segment", default=True)
     wall: BoolProperty(name="Wall", default=True)
 
     if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -301,6 +304,8 @@ class GizmoPreferences(bpy.types.PropertyGroup):
         railing: bool
         roof: bool
         array: bool
+        pipe_segment: bool
+        duct_segment: bool
         wall: bool
 
 
@@ -513,6 +518,15 @@ class BIM_ADDON_preferences(bpy.types.AddonPreferences):
         size=4,
         description="Color of not selected verts/edges (used in profile editing mode)",
     )
+    clip_box_cap_color: bpy.props.FloatVectorProperty(
+        name="Clip Box Caps Color",
+        subtype="COLOR",
+        default=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+        min=0.0,
+        max=1.0,
+        size=4,
+        description="Fill color of clip-box cross-section caps",
+    )
     decorator_color_special: bpy.props.FloatVectorProperty(
         name="Special Elements Color",
         subtype="COLOR",
@@ -802,6 +816,15 @@ class BIM_ADDON_preferences(bpy.types.AddonPreferences):
         layout.row().prop(self, "decorator_color_special")
         layout.row().prop(self, "decorator_color_error")
         layout.row().prop(self, "decorator_color_background")
+        bonsai.bim.helper.draw_expandable_panel(
+            layout,
+            context,
+            "Clip Box",
+            self.draw_clip_box_colors,
+        )
+
+    def draw_clip_box_colors(self, layout: bpy.types.UILayout, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
+        layout.row().prop(self, "clip_box_cap_color")
 
     def draw_default_parameters(self, layout: bpy.types.UILayout, context: bpy.types.Context) -> None:
         box = layout.box()
@@ -952,6 +975,50 @@ class BIM_PT_tabs(Panel):
             op.uri = "https://docs.bonsaibim.org/guides/troubleshooting.html#saving-and-loading-blend-files"
             row.operator("bim.close_blend_warning", text="", icon="CANCEL")
 
+        if is_cache_locked_by_other_process():
+            box = self.layout.box()
+            box.alert = True
+            row = box.row(align=True)
+            row.label(text="IFC Already Open in Another Blender Instance", icon="ERROR")
+            row.operator("bim.dismiss_multi_instance_warning", text="", icon="CANCEL")
+            draw_multiline_text(
+                box.column(align=True),
+                "This file is open in another Blender instance. Editing the same "
+                "IFC from two instances at once can lose your work or display "
+                "outdated geometry. Close the other Blender instances to continue safely.",
+                context=context,
+            )
+
+        pprops = tool.Project.get_project_props()
+        if pending := pprops.pending_opening_recut:
+            box = self.layout.box()
+            box.alert = True
+            box.label(text="Opening Cuts Skipped", icon="ERROR")
+            draw_multiline_text(
+                box.column(align=True),
+                f"{len(pending)} element(s) had too many openings to cut during load. "
+                f"Apply to recompute their meshes, or dismiss to leave them as they are.",
+                context=context,
+            )
+            row = box.row(align=True)
+            row.operator("bim.select_pending_opening_cuts", text="Select Elements", icon="RESTRICT_SELECT_OFF")
+            row.operator("bim.apply_pending_opening_cuts", text="Apply Openings", icon="PLAY")
+            row.operator("bim.dismiss_pending_opening_cuts", text="", icon="CANCEL")
+
+        if pending := pprops.pending_array_repair:
+            box = self.layout.box()
+            box.alert = True
+            box.label(text="Arrays With Missing Children", icon="ERROR")
+            draw_multiline_text(
+                box.column(align=True),
+                f"{len(pending)} array parent(s) reference child GUIDs that don't exist in this file. "
+                f"The arrays loaded incomplete. Select to inspect, or dismiss.",
+                context=context,
+            )
+            row = box.row(align=True)
+            row.operator("bim.select_pending_array_repair", text="Select Elements", icon="RESTRICT_SELECT_OFF")
+            row.operator("bim.dismiss_pending_array_repair", text="", icon="CANCEL")
+
         gprops = tool.Geometry.get_geometry_props()
         # Check that Blender mode and IFC Mode do match.
         if context.mode == "OBJECT" and gprops.mode in ("OBJECT", "ITEM"):
@@ -1903,6 +1970,7 @@ class BIM_PT_decorators_overlay(Panel):
         aggregate_props = tool.Aggregate.get_aggregate_props()
         nest_props = tool.Nest.get_nest_props()
         model_props = tool.Model.get_model_props()
+        system_props = tool.System.get_system_props()
         display_all = overlay.show_overlays
 
         col = layout.column()
@@ -1920,10 +1988,20 @@ class BIM_PT_decorators_overlay(Panel):
         row = col.row(align=True)
         row.prop(model_props, "show_slab_direction", text="Slab Direction")
         row = col.row(align=True)
+        row.prop(model_props, "show_paths", text="Element Paths")
+        row.prop(system_props, "should_draw_decorations", text="System Decorations")
+        row = col.row(align=True)
         row.prop(model_props, "show_bounding_box", text="Bounding Box Dimensions")
         row = col.row(align=True)
         row.prop(model_props, "show_cut_decorator", text="Cut Decorator")
         row.prop(model_props, "show_cut_decorator_fill", text="Fill Cut Decorator")
+        clip_box_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props(context.scene)
+        row = col.row(align=True)
+        # Grey out the toggles when there is no clip box to act on, so the
+        # user can see the controls but can't flip a switch that does nothing.
+        row.enabled = bool(clip_box_props.clip_boxes)
+        row.prop(clip_box_props, "enabled", text="Enable Clipping")
+        row.prop(clip_box_props, "show_caps", text="Show Caps")
 
 
 class BIM_PT_snappping(Panel):

src/bonsai/bonsai/core/connection.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Shared post-disconnect cleanup dispatch.
+
+Used by both ``bim.disconnect_elements`` (explicit user disconnect) and the
+connection cascade in ``tool.Geometry.delete_ifc_object`` (implicit
+disconnect-on-delete). Each kind returned by
+:py:meth:`bonsai.tool.connection.Connection.find_rels` /
+:py:meth:`find_rels_for_element` maps to a single arm here, so adding a new
+kind means extending one dispatch table — both call sites benefit
+automatically and the AST forward-compat guard enforces coverage.
+
+The ``subject`` parameter is the entity whose teardown effects the
+disconnect: for ``"path"`` / ``"element"`` / ``"element-top"`` kinds it
+carries an ``IfcRel*`` relationship entity (the rel that gets removed);
+for ``"mep-pair-fitting"`` it carries an ``IfcFlowFitting`` (the fitting
+that gets deleted). The slot is uniform on intent — the dispatch decides
+the teardown mechanism by kind.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import bonsai.core.geometry
+from bonsai.core.model import regenerate_wall_to_underside
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import ifcopenshell
+
+    import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+
+def disconnect_rel(
+    ifc: type[tool.Ifc],
+    geometry: type[tool.Geometry],
+    model: type[tool.Model],
+    connection: type[tool.Connection],
+    subject: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    kind: str,
+    elem: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    partner: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    skip_elem_recreate: bool = False,
+    skip_partner_recreate: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """Run the post-disconnect cleanup for one connection.
+
+    ``elem`` and ``partner`` are the two endpoints. The ``skip_*_recreate``
+    flags suppress per-side regenerate / recreate work — used by the
+    cascade-on-delete to avoid re-extruding entities that are about to be
+    removed by ``remove_product``. For the disconnect operator (where neither
+    endpoint is being deleted), both flags stay False and the full cleanup
+    runs on both sides.
+    """
+    if kind == "path":
+        bonsai.core.geometry.remove_connection(geometry, connection=subject)
+        if not skip_elem_recreate:
+            elem_obj = ifc.get_object(elem)
+            if elem_obj is not None:
+                model.recreate_wall(elem, elem_obj)
+        if not skip_partner_recreate:
+            partner_obj = ifc.get_object(partner)
+            if partner_obj is not None:
+                model.recreate_wall(partner, partner_obj)
+    elif kind == "element-top":
+        wall, _slab = connection.orient_element_top(subject, elem, partner)
+        ifc.run(
+            "geometry.disconnect_element",
+            relating_element=subject.RelatingElement,
+            related_element=subject.RelatedElement,
+        )
+        # Skip the wall-side regenerate when the wall is itself being deleted —
+        # either it's the elem of this cascade pass, or it's the partner that
+        # was queued earlier in the same batch.
+        if (wall is elem and skip_elem_recreate) or (wall is partner and skip_partner_recreate):
+            return
+        wall_obj = ifc.get_object(wall)
+        if wall_obj is not None:
+            regenerate_wall_to_underside(ifc, geometry, model, [wall_obj])
+    elif kind == "element":
+        ifc.run(
+            "geometry.disconnect_element",
+            relating_element=subject.RelatingElement,
+            related_element=subject.RelatedElement,
+        )
+    elif kind == "mep-pair-fitting":
+        if skip_elem_recreate and subject is elem:
+            return
+        if skip_partner_recreate and subject is partner:
+            return
+        fitting_obj = ifc.get_object(subject)
+        if fitting_obj is not None:
+            geometry.delete_ifc_object(fitting_obj)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown kind: {kind!r}")

src/bonsai/bonsai/core/model.py

@@ -167,12 +167,22 @@ def regenerate_wall_to_underside(
     model: type[tool.Model],
     wall_objs: list[bpy.types.Object],
 ) -> None:
-    """Re-clip walls to their connected underside objects after the slab has moved."""
+    """Re-clip walls to their connected underside objects after the slab has moved.
+
+    When a wall has no remaining slab connections — the case reached after the
+    last TOP rel is severed (via disconnect or via cascade-on-slab-delete) — the
+    stale trim booleans are cleaned up so the wall reverts to its pre-clip
+    extrusion instead of holding orphan ``IfcBooleanResult`` items and a dead
+    ``BBIM_Boolean`` pset.
+    """
     clipped_objs = []
+    reverted_objs = []
     for obj in wall_objs:
         wall = ifc.get_entity(obj)
         slab_objs = model.get_connected_slab_objs(wall)
         if not slab_objs:
+            model.remove_wall_to_underside_booleans(wall)
+            reverted_objs.append(obj)
             continue
         if ifc.is_moved(obj):
             geometry.run_edit_object_placement(obj=obj)
@@ -185,8 +195,9 @@ def regenerate_wall_to_underside(
             if clip:
                 model.clip_wall_to_slab(wall, clip)
         clipped_objs.append(obj)
-    if clipped_objs:
-        model.reload_body_representation(clipped_objs)
+    refresh_objs = clipped_objs + reverted_objs
+    if refresh_objs:
+        model.reload_body_representation(refresh_objs)
 
 
 def extend_wall_to_slab(

src/bonsai/bonsai/core/tool.py

@@ -195,6 +195,14 @@ class Collector:
     def assign(cls, obj, should_clean_users_collection=False): pass
 
 
+@interface
+class Connection:
+    def find_rel(cls, elem_a, elem_b): pass
+    def find_rels(cls, elem_a, elem_b): pass
+    def find_rels_for_element(cls, elem): pass
+    def orient_element_top(cls, rel, elem_a, elem_b): pass
+
+
 @interface
 class Context:
     def clear_context(cls): pass
@@ -694,11 +702,13 @@ class Model:
     def load_openings(cls, openings): pass
     def purge_scene_openings(cls): pass
     def recalculate_walls(cls, objs): pass
+    def recreate_wall(cls, element, obj): pass
     def regenerate_array(cls, parent, data): pass
     def regenerate_profile(cls, obj): pass
     def regenerate_slab(cls, obj): pass
     def reload_body_representation(cls, obj_or_objects): pass
     def remove_wall_to_underside_booleans(cls, wall): pass
+    def strip_underside_booleans(cls, wall): pass
     def replace_object_ifc_representation(cls, ifc_file, ifc_context, obj, new_representation): pass
 
 
@@ -1198,6 +1208,7 @@ class Type:
     def get_representation_context(cls, representation): pass
     def get_type_occurrences(cls, element_type): pass
     def has_material_usage(cls, element): pass
+    def is_relating_type_compatible(cls, occurrence, relating_type): pass
     def record_material_usage_attributes(cls, element): pass
     def restore_material_usage_attributes(cls, element, usage_attributes): pass
     def run_geometry_add_representation(cls, obj=None, context=None, ifc_representation_class=None, profile_set_usage=None): pass

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/__init__.py

@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ from bonsai.tool.bsdd import Bsdd
 from bonsai.tool.cad import Cad
 from bonsai.tool.clash import Clash
 from bonsai.tool.classification import Classification
+from bonsai.tool.clip_box import ClipBox
 from bonsai.tool.collector import Collector
+from bonsai.tool.connection import Connection
 from bonsai.tool.context import Context
 from bonsai.tool.cost import Cost
 from bonsai.tool.covering import Covering

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/blender.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import contextlib
 import importlib
+import math
 import os
 import platform
 import subprocess
@@ -29,7 +30,15 @@ import sys
 import tempfile
 import traceback
 import types
-from collections.abc import Callable, Generator, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence, Sized
+from collections.abc import (
+    Callable,
+    Generator,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    Mapping,
+    Sequence,
+    Sized,
+)
 from datetime import datetime
 from functools import cache, lru_cache
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -46,9 +55,11 @@ from typing import (
 
 import bmesh
 import bpy
+import gpu
 import ifcopenshell.util.element
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.typing as npt
+from gpu_extras.batch import batch_for_shader
 from ifcopenshell import entity_instance
 from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
 
@@ -574,6 +585,120 @@ class Blender(bonsai.core.tool.Blender):
                 else:
                     decorator_cls.uninstall()
 
+    # Bonsai overrides Blender's default move/duplicate keymaps with macros
+    # that wrap TRANSFORM_OT_translate. While a macro is the outer modal
+    # entry, the inner TRANSFORM_OT_translate does not surface in
+    # window.modal_operators — the macro's own idname does. The ``BIM_OT_``
+    # prefix is what Blender returns from ``bl_idname`` at runtime (the
+    # class declaration uses the dotted ``bim.`` form).
+    BONSAI_TRANSFORM_MACROS: frozenset[str] = frozenset(
+        {
+            "BIM_OT_override_move_macro",  # G key
+            "BIM_OT_override_object_duplicate_move_macro",  # Shift+D
+            "BIM_OT_override_object_duplicate_move_linked_macro",  # Alt+D
+            "BIM_OT_object_duplicate_move_linked_aggregate_macro",  # Ctrl+Shift+D
+        }
+    )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_transform_modal_active(cls, context: bpy.types.Context) -> bool:
+        """True iff a Blender transform modal (G/R/S and siblings, including
+        Bonsai's macro overrides) is currently driving per-frame
+        ``matrix_world`` updates. Reads ``window.modal_operators`` — the
+        Blender 4.2+ collection of running modal operators. Callers gate
+        per-frame side effects (gizmo positioning, IFC persistence, etc.)
+        on this so they don't fire during the drag.
+
+        Falls back to scanning every window in the window manager when
+        ``context.window`` is ``None`` — depsgraph callbacks run with a
+        limited context where ``context.window`` is typically missing,
+        but the modal is still active on one of the WM's windows.
+        """
+        window = getattr(context, "window", None)
+        if window is not None and getattr(window, "modal_operators", None):
+            windows = [window]
+        else:
+            wm = getattr(context, "window_manager", None) or bpy.context.window_manager
+            if wm is None:
+                return False
+            windows = list(wm.windows)
+        for w in windows:
+            modal_ops = getattr(w, "modal_operators", None)
+            if not modal_ops:
+                continue
+            for op in modal_ops:
+                idname = op.bl_idname
+                if idname.startswith("TRANSFORM_OT_") or idname in cls.BONSAI_TRANSFORM_MACROS:
+                    return True
+        return False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_in_edit_mode(cls, context: Optional[bpy.types.Context] = None) -> bool:
+        """True iff the active object is in any edit-style mode.
+
+        Catches every ``EDIT_*`` variant (mesh, curve, armature,
+        metaball, lattice, surface, text, grease pencil). Defaults to
+        ``OBJECT`` when the mode attribute is missing so background-mode
+        callers (no UI context) don't false-positive.
+        """
+        ctx = context if context is not None else bpy.context
+        mode = getattr(ctx, "mode", "OBJECT")
+        return mode.startswith("EDIT_")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def iter_view3d_regions(cls) -> Iterator[tuple[bpy.types.Area, bpy.types.Region, bpy.types.RegionView3D]]:
+        """Yield ``(area, region, region_3d)`` for every WINDOW region in every 3D viewport.
+
+        Useful for features that need to act on every visible 3D viewport
+        (clip planes, draw handlers, region redraw fanout). Empty
+        generator when ``bpy.context.screen`` is unavailable (shutdown,
+        background mode without a screen).
+        """
+        screen = getattr(getattr(bpy, "context", None), "screen", None)
+        if screen is None:
+            return
+        for area in screen.areas:
+            if area.type != "VIEW_3D":
+                continue
+            for region in area.regions:
+                if region.type != "WINDOW":
+                    continue
+                region_3d = getattr(region, "data", None)
+                if region_3d is None:
+                    continue
+                yield area, region, region_3d
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_or_create_collection(cls, scene: bpy.types.Scene, name: str) -> bpy.types.Collection:
+        """Return the named collection, creating + linking it to ``scene`` if absent."""
+        collection = bpy.data.collections.get(name)
+        if collection is None:
+            collection = bpy.data.collections.new(name)
+            scene.collection.children.link(collection)
+        return collection
+
+    @classmethod
+    def serialize_matrix(cls, matrix: Matrix) -> str:
+        """Serialize a 4x4 matrix as a 16-float comma-separated string.
+
+        Round-trip pair with :meth:`deserialize_matrix`. Used for storing
+        a matrix in an IFC pset string property without losing precision
+        (``%.9g`` carries ~9 significant digits, enough for ``float32``
+        round-trip).
+        """
+        return ",".join(f"{matrix[r][c]:.9g}" for r in range(4) for c in range(4))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def deserialize_matrix(cls, text: str) -> Matrix:
+        """Inverse of :meth:`serialize_matrix`."""
+        floats = [float(v) for v in text.split(",")]
+        return Matrix([tuple(floats[r * 4 : r * 4 + 4]) for r in range(4)])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def hash_matrix(cls, matrix: Matrix) -> int:
+        """Hash a 4x4 matrix by its 16 floats. Useful as a cache key."""
+        return hash(tuple(matrix[r][c] for r in range(4) for c in range(4)))
+
     @classmethod
     def is_view_top_down(cls, context: bpy.types.Context, threshold: float = 0.9659) -> bool:
         """True when the viewport camera is looking ~straight down (or up) the world Z axis.
@@ -1273,7 +1398,10 @@ class Blender(bonsai.core.tool.Blender):
 
     @classmethod
     def get_object_from_guid(cls, guid: str) -> Union[bpy.types.Object, None]:
-        element = tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(guid)
+        try:
+            element = tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(guid)
+        except RuntimeError:
+            return None
         obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(element)
         if obj:
             return obj
@@ -1458,6 +1586,38 @@ class Blender(bonsai.core.tool.Blender):
             parent_guid = pset.get("Parent")
             return parent_guid is not None and parent_guid != element.GlobalId
 
+        @classmethod
+        def any_selected_is_array_child(cls) -> bool:
+            """True if any selected IFC-linked object is a Bonsai array child.
+
+            Multi-object wall topology gizmos (merge / join / extend / unjoin
+            / fillet) and their bound operators gate on this: any mutation
+            applied to a child is overwritten on the next
+            ``regenerate_array``, and merge specifically would leave the
+            parent's ``BBIM_Array.Data`` list pointing at a deleted GUID.
+
+            Memoised against (selection signature, IFC geometry generation)
+            so gizmo polls that fire per input event don't re-walk the pset
+            for every selected object every frame. Identity-keyed so plain
+            Python objects (used by tests) work alongside real Blender
+            ``bpy_struct`` wrappers."""
+            selected = tool.Blender.get_selected_objects()
+            selection_sig = frozenset(id(obj) for obj in selected)
+            current_gen = tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation()
+            cached = cls._any_selected_array_child_memo
+            if cached is not None and cached[0] == selection_sig and cached[1] == current_gen:
+                return cached[2]
+            result = False
+            for obj in selected:
+                element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+                if element is not None and cls.is_array_child(element):
+                    result = True
+                    break
+            cls._any_selected_array_child_memo = (selection_sig, current_gen, result)
+            return result
+
+        _any_selected_array_child_memo: tuple[frozenset[int], int, bool] | None = None
+
         @classmethod
         def is_slab(cls, element: entity_instance) -> bool:
             """A slab is host-eligible for the parametric add-opening gizmo if
@@ -2227,6 +2387,142 @@ class Blender(bonsai.core.tool.Blender):
             return False
         return True
 
+    @classmethod
+    def draw_bmesh_face_tris(
+        cls,
+        bm: bmesh.types.BMesh,
+        world_vert_coords: list,
+        color: Any,
+        draw_batch: Callable[[str, list, Any, list], None],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Submit a non-mutating beauty-triangulated TRIS batch for ``bm``'s faces.
+
+        ``world_vert_coords`` must be indexed by ``bm.verts`` index. Never call
+        ``bmesh.ops.triangulate`` on a live bmesh to compute draw indices — it
+        mutates the input and produces ear-clip fans that render as visible
+        streaks at low alpha.
+        """
+        tris = [[loop.vert.index for loop in tri] for tri in bm.calc_loop_triangles()]
+        draw_batch("TRIS", world_vert_coords, color, tris)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def draw_quads(
+        cls,
+        context: bpy.types.Context,
+        quads: Sequence[
+            tuple[
+                tuple[float, float, float],
+                tuple[float, float, float],
+                tuple[float, float, float],
+                tuple[float, float, float],
+            ]
+        ],
+        *,
+        fill_color: Optional[tuple[float, float, float, float]] = None,
+        outline_color: Optional[tuple[float, float, float, float]] = None,
+        outline_width: float = 1.0,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Render ``quads`` (each a 4-tuple of CCW world-space corners) as
+        a filled TRIS batch, an outline LINES batch, or both.
+
+        Both colors are RGBA 4-tuples. Pass ``fill_color=None`` to skip
+        the fill pass and ``outline_color=None`` to skip the outline.
+        Skipping both is a no-op.
+
+        Replaces the per-decorator quad-fill helpers that used to live
+        inline in each feature module.
+        """
+        if not quads or (fill_color is None and outline_color is None):
+            return
+        region = getattr(context, "region", None)
+        if region is None:
+            return
+
+        verts: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        tri_indices: list[tuple[int, int, int]] = []
+        line_indices: list[tuple[int, int]] = []
+        for quad in quads:
+            if len(quad) != 4:
+                continue
+            base = len(verts)
+            verts.extend(tuple(v) for v in quad)
+            if fill_color is not None:
+                tri_indices.append((base, base + 1, base + 2))
+                tri_indices.append((base, base + 2, base + 3))
+            if outline_color is not None:
+                line_indices.append((base, base + 1))
+                line_indices.append((base + 1, base + 2))
+                line_indices.append((base + 2, base + 3))
+                line_indices.append((base + 3, base))
+
+        if not cls.validate_shader_batch_data(verts, None):
+            return
+
+        gpu.state.blend_set("ALPHA")
+        try:
+            if fill_color is not None and tri_indices:
+                shader = gpu.shader.from_builtin("UNIFORM_COLOR")
+                shader.bind()
+                shader.uniform_float("color", fill_color)
+                batch = batch_for_shader(shader, "TRIS", {"pos": verts}, indices=tri_indices)
+                batch.draw(shader)
+            if outline_color is not None and line_indices:
+                shader = gpu.shader.from_builtin("UNIFORM_COLOR")
+                shader.bind()
+                shader.uniform_float("color", outline_color)
+                # Outline width: the UNIFORM_COLOR shader respects the
+                # GPU's current line-width state; restore on exit.
+                prev_width = gpu.state.line_width_get()
+                gpu.state.line_width_set(outline_width)
+                try:
+                    batch = batch_for_shader(shader, "LINES", {"pos": verts}, indices=line_indices)
+                    batch.draw(shader)
+                finally:
+                    gpu.state.line_width_set(prev_width)
+        finally:
+            gpu.state.blend_set("NONE")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def build_dashed_line_segments(
+        cls,
+        world_verts: Sequence[Sequence[float]],
+        edges_indices: Sequence[Sequence[int]],
+        dash_period: float,
+        dash_width: float,
+    ) -> tuple[list[tuple[float, float, float]], list[tuple[int, int]]]:
+        """Pre-segment edges into world-space dash chunks for a vanilla LINES batch.
+
+        Each input edge is sliced into segments of length ``dash_width`` spaced
+        ``dash_period`` apart (dash phase resets per-edge). The result is a fresh
+        ``(verts, edges)`` pair that draws as dashes through any standard line
+        shader — letting both passes of a visible/occluded outline reuse the
+        same shader so depth values match exactly across passes.
+        """
+        new_verts: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
+        new_edges: list[tuple[int, int]] = []
+        if dash_period <= 0 or dash_width <= 0:
+            return new_verts, new_edges
+        n = len(world_verts)
+        for i, j in edges_indices:
+            if not (0 <= i < n and 0 <= j < n) or i == j:
+                continue
+            v0 = world_verts[i]
+            v1 = world_verts[j]
+            dx, dy, dz = v1[0] - v0[0], v1[1] - v0[1], v1[2] - v0[2]
+            edge_length = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz)
+            if edge_length == 0.0:
+                continue
+            ux, uy, uz = dx / edge_length, dy / edge_length, dz / edge_length
+            t = 0.0
+            while t < edge_length:
+                t_end = min(t + dash_width, edge_length)
+                idx = len(new_verts)
+                new_verts.append((v0[0] + ux * t, v0[1] + uy * t, v0[2] + uz * t))
+                new_verts.append((v0[0] + ux * t_end, v0[1] + uy * t_end, v0[2] + uz * t_end))
+                new_edges.append((idx, idx + 1))
+                t += dash_period
+        return new_verts, new_edges
+
     @classmethod
     def extract_error_reports(cls, exception: RuntimeError) -> list[str]:
         """Extracts error report lines from a runtime exception during operator execution.
@@ -2377,7 +2673,7 @@ class Blender(bonsai.core.tool.Blender):
 
         See https://projects.blender.org/blender/blender/issues/149283
         """
-        if len(bytedata) == (n * 2):
+        if len(bytedata) == (n * 8):  # float64 has 8 bytes per element
             return np.frombuffer(bytedata, dtype=np.float64).astype(np.float32)
         return np.frombuffer(bytedata, dtype=np.float32)
 

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/cad.py

@@ -177,6 +177,14 @@ class Cad:
             return False
         return (x + tolerance) > value > (x - tolerance)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def is_multiple_of_pi(cls, value: float) -> bool:
+        """True when ``value`` is an integer multiple of π within tolerance —
+        the parallelism / anti-parallelism check rotation-difference logic
+        reaches for (segments aligned modulo a 180° flip)."""
+        n = round(value / math.pi)
+        return cls.is_x(abs(value - n * math.pi), 0)
+
     @classmethod
     def normalise_angle(cls, angle: float) -> float:
         """Normalise an angle between -179 and 180"""
@@ -198,6 +206,237 @@ class Cad:
         """
         return geometry.intersect_line_plane(v1, v2, plane_co, plane_no)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def obb_world_clip_planes(
+        cls,
+        center: Vector,
+        axes: tuple[Vector, Vector, Vector],
+        half_extents: Vector,
+    ) -> tuple[tuple[float, float, float, float], ...]:
+        """Return the 6 inward world clip planes of an oriented bounding box.
+
+        Each plane is a 4-tuple ``(a, b, c, d)`` for the equation
+        ``a*x + b*y + c*z + d``; a point is KEPT when the value is ``>= 0``
+        for every plane, matching ``RegionView3D.clip_planes`` semantics.
+        Return order is ``(+x, -x, +y, -y, +z, -z)`` where ``+x`` is the face
+        on the positive side of ``axes[0]``. ``axes`` are assumed orthonormal.
+        """
+        cx, cy, cz = center.x, center.y, center.z
+        planes: list[tuple[float, float, float, float]] = []
+        for i in range(3):
+            ux, uy, uz = axes[i].x, axes[i].y, axes[i].z
+            h = float(half_extents[i])
+            px, py, pz = cx + h * ux, cy + h * uy, cz + h * uz
+            nx, ny, nz = -ux, -uy, -uz
+            planes.append((nx, ny, nz, -(nx * px + ny * py + nz * pz)))
+            px, py, pz = cx - h * ux, cy - h * uy, cz - h * uz
+            planes.append((ux, uy, uz, -(ux * px + uy * py + uz * pz)))
+        return tuple(planes)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def obb_clip_planes_from_matrix(
+        cls,
+        matrix_world: Matrix,
+        expand: float = 0.0,
+        expand_rel: float = 0.0,
+    ) -> tuple[tuple[float, float, float, float], ...]:
+        """Return the 6 inward world clip planes for the unit cube under ``matrix_world``.
+
+        The implicit box is ``[-1, +1]^3`` in object-local space, so the
+        host's ``matrix_world`` translation is the world centre, its
+        rotation orients the box axes, and each column's magnitude is the
+        world half-extent along that local axis. ``expand`` (absolute
+        world units) and ``expand_rel`` (fraction of each axis's
+        half-extent) both add an outward margin — callers that visualise
+        the box with overlapping geometry (e.g. an empty CUBE display
+        sharing edges with the clip planes) pass non-zero values so the
+        box's own wireframe sits safely INSIDE the clip volume. Use the
+        relative form when the box is rendered at varying scales, since
+        the depth-buffer precision needed to keep an edge unclipped grows
+        with world-coordinate magnitude.
+        """
+        world_center = matrix_world.col[3].xyz
+        linear = matrix_world.to_3x3()
+        world_axes = []
+        world_half_list = []
+        for i in range(3):
+            v = linear.col[i].copy()
+            length = v.length
+            if length > 0.0:
+                world_axes.append(v / length)
+            else:
+                world_axes.append(Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0)))
+            world_half_list.append(length + expand + length * expand_rel)
+        return cls.obb_world_clip_planes(
+            world_center,
+            (world_axes[0], world_axes[1], world_axes[2]),
+            Vector(world_half_list),
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def point_is_inside_clip_planes(
+        cls,
+        planes: tuple[tuple[float, float, float, float], ...],
+        point: Vector,
+        eps: float = 1e-6,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """True iff ``point`` is on the kept side of every plane (inclusive)."""
+        x, y, z = point.x, point.y, point.z
+        for a, b, c, d in planes:
+            if a * x + b * y + c * z + d < -eps:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def newell_normal(cls, points: Sequence) -> Vector:
+        """Newell's-method normal for a (possibly non-planar) 3D polygon ring.
+
+        Robust for thin / near-degenerate rings where a two-edge cross
+        product would be unstable.
+        """
+        nx = ny = nz = 0.0
+        n = len(points)
+        for i in range(n):
+            cur = points[i]
+            nxt = points[(i + 1) % n]
+            nx += (cur[1] - nxt[1]) * (cur[2] + nxt[2])
+            ny += (cur[2] - nxt[2]) * (cur[0] + nxt[0])
+            nz += (cur[0] - nxt[0]) * (cur[1] + nxt[1])
+        return Vector((nx, ny, nz))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def plane_basis(cls, points: Sequence) -> tuple[Vector, Vector]:
+        """Return an orthonormal ``(u, v)`` basis for the ring's best-fit plane."""
+        normal = cls.newell_normal(points)
+        if normal.length < 1e-12:
+            normal = Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
+        normal = normal.normalized()
+        ref = Vector((1.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        if abs(normal.x) > 0.9:
+            ref = Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
+        u = normal.cross(ref)
+        if u.length < 1e-12:
+            ref = Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
+            u = normal.cross(ref)
+        u = u.normalized()
+        v = normal.cross(u).normalized()
+        return u, v
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tessellate_ring_planar(cls, polyline_list: list[list]) -> list[tuple[int, int, int]]:
+        """Triangulate ``[outer, *inners]`` 3D coord rings in their own plane.
+
+        Projects every ring onto the outer ring's best-fit plane and
+        returns ``(i, j, k)`` index triples into the flat
+        ``outer + inners[0] + inners[1] + ...`` vertex list. Falls
+        back to a shapely constrained Delaunay triangulation when
+        ``mathutils.geometry.tessellate_polygon`` silently leaves ring
+        vertices unused (its known failure mode on complex concave
+        polygons-with-holes).
+        """
+        from mathutils.geometry import tessellate_polygon
+
+        if not polyline_list or not polyline_list[0]:
+            return []
+        outer = polyline_list[0]
+        u, v = cls.plane_basis(outer)
+        origin = Vector(outer[0])
+
+        def _project_xy(ring):
+            return [((Vector(co) - origin).dot(u), (Vector(co) - origin).dot(v)) for co in ring]
+
+        projected_xy = [_project_xy(ring) for ring in polyline_list]
+        projected = [[Vector((x, y, 0.0)) for x, y in ring] for ring in projected_xy]
+        triangles = tessellate_polygon(projected)
+
+        n_total = sum(len(r) for r in projected_xy)
+        used = {i for tri in triangles for i in tri}
+        if triangles and len(used) >= n_total:
+            return triangles
+
+        fallback = cls._tessellate_via_shapely(projected_xy)
+        return fallback if fallback else triangles
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _tessellate_via_shapely(cls, projected_xy: list[list[tuple[float, float]]]) -> list[tuple[int, int, int]]:
+        """Constrained-Delaunay fallback for :meth:`tessellate_ring_planar`.
+
+        Honours the polygon's boundary AND holes. Returns ``[]`` when
+        shapely is unavailable or the polygon can't be cleaned via
+        ``buffer(0)``.
+        """
+        try:
+            from shapely.geometry import Polygon
+        except Exception:
+            return []
+        outer = projected_xy[0]
+        inners = projected_xy[1:]
+        if len(outer) < 3:
+            return []
+        try:
+            poly = Polygon(outer, inners)
+            poly = poly if poly.is_valid else poly.buffer(0)
+            if poly.is_empty:
+                return []
+        except Exception:
+            return []
+
+        flat = list(outer)
+        for r in inners:
+            flat.extend(r)
+
+        def _key(x, y):
+            return (round(x, 6), round(y, 6))
+
+        index_of: dict[tuple[float, float], int] = {}
+        for idx, (x, y) in enumerate(flat):
+            index_of.setdefault(_key(x, y), idx)
+
+        try:
+            from shapely import constrained_delaunay_triangles
+
+            res = constrained_delaunay_triangles(poly)
+            tri_geoms = list(getattr(res, "geoms", []) or [])
+        except Exception:
+            try:
+                from shapely.ops import triangulate
+
+                tri_geoms = [t for t in triangulate(poly) if poly.contains(t.representative_point())]
+            except Exception:
+                return []
+
+        out: list[tuple[int, int, int]] = []
+        for t in tri_geoms:
+            coords = list(t.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+            if len(coords) != 3:
+                continue
+            idxs = [index_of.get(_key(x, y)) for x, y in coords]
+            if any(i is None for i in idxs):
+                continue
+            out.append(tuple(idxs))
+        return out
+
+    @classmethod
+    def corners_might_cross_clip_planes(
+        cls,
+        planes: tuple[tuple[float, float, float, float], ...],
+        corners: Sequence[Vector],
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Conservative reject test: True if ``corners`` might cross the clip volume.
+
+        Returns False only when at least one plane has ALL corners on its
+        rejected side — meaning the convex hull of ``corners`` is fully
+        outside the clip volume and a per-mesh bisect can be skipped.
+        Returns True otherwise (possibly with false positives — never
+        false negatives), so callers always cap any object that actually
+        crosses the box. ``corners`` is typically the 8 world-space corners
+        of an object's bound box.
+        """
+        for a, b, c, d in planes:
+            if all(a * v.x + b * v.y + c * v.z + d < 0.0 for v in corners):
+                return False
+        return True
+
     def intersect_edge_plane_v2(v1, v2, plane_co, plane_no, eps=1e-9):
         """
         Numpy version of intersect_edge_plane

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/connection.py

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Generic discovery of the connection linking two IFC elements.
+
+Used by ``bim.disconnect_elements`` so the operator surface is one operator
+per disconnect intent (active vs. partner, identified by GlobalId) rather
+than one per rel class. Each lookup returns ``(subject, kind)`` tuples where
+``subject`` is the entity whose teardown effects the disconnect:
+
+- ``"path"`` — ``IfcRelConnectsPathElements`` (wall-wall, wall-roof, etc.).
+  ``subject`` is the rel; removing it disconnects.
+- ``"element-top"`` — ``IfcRelConnectsElements`` with ``Description=="TOP"``
+  (created by ``extend_walls_to_underside``). ``subject`` is the rel.
+- ``"element"`` — any other ``IfcRelConnectsElements``. ``subject`` is the rel.
+- ``"mep-pair-fitting"`` — two MEP elements joined via ``IfcRelConnectsPorts``
+  through a single bridging ``IfcFlowFitting``. ``subject`` is the fitting
+  itself; removing it disconnects. ``OBSTRUCTION`` fittings are excluded
+  here; those go through ``bim.mep_add_obstruction(mode=REMOVE)``.
+
+Add new kinds by extending :py:meth:`Connection.find_rels`. The dispatch in
+``bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel`` maps each kind to the right
+post-mutation cleanup; the AST forward-compat guard enforces coverage."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import ifcopenshell
+
+
+class Connection:
+    @classmethod
+    def find_rels(
+        cls,
+        elem_a: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+        elem_b: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    ) -> list[tuple[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, str]]:
+        """Return every supported connection linking ``elem_a`` to ``elem_b``
+        as a list of ``(subject, kind)`` tuples — ``subject`` is the entity
+        whose teardown effects the disconnect (the rel itself for
+        relationship-kinds, the bridging fitting for ``"mep-pair-fitting"``).
+        Walks both ``ConnectedTo`` and ``ConnectedFrom`` because either side
+        of a rel can be the relating element, and the same pair may carry
+        rels authored with opposite orientations."""
+        rels: list[tuple[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, str]] = []
+        seen: set[int] = set()
+
+        def _record(rel, kind):
+            if rel.id() not in seen:
+                seen.add(rel.id())
+                rels.append((rel, kind))
+
+        for rel in getattr(elem_a, "ConnectedTo", []) or ():
+            if rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsPathElements") and getattr(rel, "RelatedElement", None) == elem_b:
+                _record(rel, "path")
+        for rel in getattr(elem_a, "ConnectedFrom", []) or ():
+            if rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsPathElements") and getattr(rel, "RelatingElement", None) == elem_b:
+                _record(rel, "path")
+
+        for rel in getattr(elem_a, "ConnectedFrom", []) or ():
+            if rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsElements") and getattr(rel, "RelatingElement", None) == elem_b:
+                kind = "element-top" if getattr(rel, "Description", None) == "TOP" else "element"
+                _record(rel, kind)
+        for rel in getattr(elem_a, "ConnectedTo", []) or ():
+            if rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsElements") and getattr(rel, "RelatedElement", None) == elem_b:
+                kind = "element-top" if getattr(rel, "Description", None) == "TOP" else "element"
+                _record(rel, kind)
+
+        fitting = tool.System.find_bridging_fitting(elem_a, elem_b)
+        if fitting is not None:
+            _record(fitting, "mep-pair-fitting")
+
+        return rels
+
+    @classmethod
+    def find_rel(
+        cls,
+        elem_a: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+        elem_b: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    ) -> tuple[ifcopenshell.entity_instance | None, str | None]:
+        """Return the first ``(subject, kind)`` or ``(None, None)``. Cheaper
+        than ``find_rels`` when callers only need to know whether a connection
+        exists or what kind it is."""
+        rels = cls.find_rels(elem_a, elem_b)
+        return rels[0] if rels else (None, None)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def find_rels_for_element(
+        cls,
+        elem: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    ) -> list[tuple[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, str, ifcopenshell.entity_instance]]:
+        """Return every supported connection touching ``elem`` as
+        ``(subject, kind, partner)`` triples. ``partner`` is the *other*
+        element on the connection — the side cascade cleanup must operate on
+        when ``elem`` is being deleted.
+
+        Mirrors :py:meth:`find_rels`'s relationship-kind taxonomy. Notably
+        does NOT emit ``"mep-pair-fitting"`` triples: ``IfcRelConnectsPorts``
+        cleanup is owned by ``tool.Geometry.delete_ifc_object``'s
+        ``remove_port`` loop, which runs unconditionally on any IFC root
+        deletion. Including MEP here would cause the cascade to also remove
+        the bridging fitting when one of its connected segments is deleted —
+        a policy choice (fitting may still join other live segments) that's
+        better left to the user via the explicit disconnect operator.
+        """
+        result: list[tuple[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, str, ifcopenshell.entity_instance]] = []
+        seen: set[int] = set()
+
+        def _record(rel, kind, partner):
+            if partner is None or rel.id() in seen:
+                return
+            seen.add(rel.id())
+            result.append((rel, kind, partner))
+
+        for rel in getattr(elem, "ConnectedTo", []) or ():
+            if rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsPathElements"):
+                _record(rel, "path", getattr(rel, "RelatedElement", None))
+            elif rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsElements"):
+                kind = "element-top" if getattr(rel, "Description", None) == "TOP" else "element"
+                _record(rel, kind, getattr(rel, "RelatedElement", None))
+        for rel in getattr(elem, "ConnectedFrom", []) or ():
+            if rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsPathElements"):
+                _record(rel, "path", getattr(rel, "RelatingElement", None))
+            elif rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsElements"):
+                kind = "element-top" if getattr(rel, "Description", None) == "TOP" else "element"
+                _record(rel, kind, getattr(rel, "RelatingElement", None))
+
+        return result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def orient_element_top(
+        cls,
+        rel: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+        elem_a: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+        elem_b: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    ) -> tuple[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, ifcopenshell.entity_instance]:
+        """Return ``(wall, slab)`` for an ``IfcRelConnectsElements(TOP)`` rel.
+
+        The ``extend_walls_to_underside`` flow stores slab as the relating
+        side and wall as related — orientation is recovered by checking
+        which input matches which rel attribute. Callers pass any two
+        elements; this resolves which is the wall and which is the slab so
+        post-disconnect cleanup (regenerate-wall-to-underside) targets the
+        right object."""
+        if getattr(rel, "RelatingElement", None) == elem_a:
+            return elem_b, elem_a
+        return elem_a, elem_b

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/geometry.py

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ from typing_extensions import TypeIs
 
 import bonsai.bim.helper
 import bonsai.bim.import_ifc
+import bonsai.core.connection
 import bonsai.core.drawing
 import bonsai.core.geometry
 import bonsai.core.root
@@ -156,6 +157,112 @@ class Geometry(bonsai.core.tool.Geometry):
         for modifier in obj.modifiers:
             obj.modifiers.remove(modifier)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _group_edges_into_loops(cls, edges) -> list[list]:
+        """Group an edge set into connected components by shared vertices.
+
+        Each returned group is a list of edges that share at least one
+        vertex chain. A hollow profile's bisect produces two disjoint
+        loops (outer ring + inner ring) — grouping splits them so each
+        can be filled independently as a separate cap face, rather than
+        ``contextual_create`` welding them into one solid outer face
+        with the inner loop demoted to interior decoration.
+        """
+        edge_set = set(edges)
+        visited: set = set()
+        groups: list[list] = []
+        for start in edges:
+            if start in visited:
+                continue
+            group: list = []
+            stack: list = [start]
+            while stack:
+                e = stack.pop()
+                if e in visited:
+                    continue
+                visited.add(e)
+                group.append(e)
+                for v in e.verts:
+                    for adj in v.link_edges:
+                        if adj in edge_set and adj not in visited:
+                            stack.append(adj)
+            groups.append(group)
+        return groups
+
+    @classmethod
+    def bisect_and_cap(
+        cls,
+        bm,
+        planes_local,
+        *,
+        tag_layer_name: str = "bbim_cap",
+        dist: float = 1e-4,
+        weld_dist: float = 1e-5,
+    ):
+        """Clip ``bm`` against each ``(plane_co, plane_no)`` and fill the cuts.
+
+        Per plane, ``bmesh.ops.bisect_plane(clear_outer=True)`` discards
+        the outside half-space and ``bmesh.ops.contextual_create`` fills
+        the resulting cut edges with cap faces tagged via a BMesh int
+        layer so the tag propagates to any split-children from subsequent
+        planes. After all planes, near-coincident vertices are welded
+        (``weld_dist``) so adjacent caps from the same cross-section
+        merge cleanly.
+
+        Callers are responsible for input mesh quality. Non-watertight
+        inputs (terrain, single-shell surfaces) may produce degenerate
+        cap faces; that's an accepted user-supplied data limitation.
+
+        Returns the cap-tag BMLayerItem, or ``None`` if ``bm`` is empty.
+        """
+        import bmesh
+
+        if not bm.faces:
+            return None
+
+        # Pre-weld nearby verts: T-junctions in messy IFC meshes (a third
+        # vertex sitting in the middle of an edge from a Boolean
+        # operation) make the bisect cut terminate early, leaving open
+        # loops that no fill op can close. Welding the T-junction's
+        # near-coincident vertex into the host edge before bisecting
+        # turns the cut into a closed loop.
+        bmesh.ops.remove_doubles(bm, verts=bm.verts[:], dist=max(weld_dist, 1e-4))
+
+        cap_layer = bm.faces.layers.int.new(tag_layer_name)
+        for plane_co, plane_no in planes_local:
+            geom = bm.verts[:] + bm.edges[:] + bm.faces[:]
+            if not geom:
+                break
+            results = bmesh.ops.bisect_plane(
+                bm,
+                geom=geom,
+                dist=dist,
+                plane_co=plane_co,
+                plane_no=plane_no,
+                clear_outer=True,
+            )
+            cut_edges = [e for e in results["geom_cut"] if isinstance(e, bmesh.types.BMEdge)]
+            if not cut_edges:
+                continue
+            # Group cut edges into connected components BEFORE filling.
+            # Feeding ``contextual_create`` all edges at once (outer +
+            # inner of a hollow profile) makes it create a SINGLE outer
+            # face and treat inner edges as decoration — collapsing the
+            # hole. Filling each connected loop separately produces one
+            # cap face per ring.
+            for loop_edges in cls._group_edges_into_loops(cut_edges):
+                try:
+                    fill = bmesh.ops.contextual_create(bm, geom=loop_edges)
+                except (RuntimeError, TypeError):
+                    continue
+                for f in fill.get("faces", []):
+                    if isinstance(f, bmesh.types.BMFace) and f.is_valid:
+                        f[cap_layer] = 1
+
+        if weld_dist > 0.0:
+            bmesh.ops.remove_doubles(bm, verts=bm.verts[:], dist=weld_dist)
+        return cap_layer
+
     @classmethod
     def clear_scale(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> None:
         """Apply and clear object scale.
@@ -271,12 +378,38 @@ class Geometry(bonsai.core.tool.Geometry):
         bpy.data.objects.remove(obj)
 
     @classmethod
-    def delete_ifc_object(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> None:
+    def delete_ifc_object(
+        cls,
+        obj: bpy.types.Object,
+        batch_being_deleted_ids: Optional[set[int]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
         ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
         element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
         if not element:
             return
-        elif element.is_a("IfcAnnotation"):
+        # Cascade connection-rel teardown — symmetric to bim.disconnect_elements.
+        # When a slab connected to a wall via IfcRelConnectsElements(TOP) is deleted,
+        # the wall's trim booleans + BBIM_Boolean pset would otherwise be orphaned.
+        # skip_elem_recreate is always True here because we're inside delete: the
+        # element is about to vanish, so re-extruding it would be wasted work.
+        # skip_partner_recreate fires only when the partner is also queued in the
+        # same OverrideDelete batch.
+        if element.is_a("IfcRoot"):
+            skip_ids = batch_being_deleted_ids or set()
+            for subject, kind, partner in tool.Connection.find_rels_for_element(element):
+                bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel(
+                    tool.Ifc,
+                    tool.Geometry,
+                    tool.Model,
+                    tool.Connection,
+                    subject=subject,
+                    kind=kind,
+                    elem=element,
+                    partner=partner,
+                    skip_elem_recreate=True,
+                    skip_partner_recreate=(partner.id() in skip_ids),
+                )
+        if element.is_a("IfcAnnotation"):
             if element.ObjectType == "DRAWING":
                 return bonsai.core.drawing.remove_drawing(tool.Ifc, tool.Drawing, drawing=element)
             elif tool.Drawing.is_auto_annotation(element):
@@ -641,7 +774,13 @@ class Geometry(bonsai.core.tool.Geometry):
             and isinstance(data, Geometry.TYPES_WITH_MESH_PROPERTIES)
             and (ifc_id := tool.Geometry.get_mesh_props(data).ifc_definition_id)
         ):
-            return tool.Ifc.get().by_id(ifc_id)
+            try:
+                return tool.Ifc.get().by_id(ifc_id)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                # Stale id: a representation rebuild freed the old entity
+                # while obj.data still tracks its id. Treated as "no active
+                # representation" — same contract as a mesh with id 0.
+                return None
 
     @classmethod
     def get_data_representation(cls, data: bpy.types.ID) -> ifcopenshell.entity_instance | None:
@@ -2348,6 +2487,21 @@ class Geometry(bonsai.core.tool.Geometry):
                 old_to_new[element] = [new]
                 if new.is_a("IfcRelSpaceBoundary"):
                     tool.Boundary.decorate_boundary(new_obj)
+                # Slab-trim booleans (from extend_walls_to_underside) belong to
+                # the source wall's connection, not the copy. Strip them so the
+                # duplicate reverts to its pre-clip extrusion — mirrors the way
+                # filling rels are dropped while manual booleans persist on copy.
+                # Reload the body when something was stripped so the viewport
+                # immediately shows the unclipped geometry; otherwise the user
+                # sees a stale mesh until they Shift+G, which is easy to miss.
+                if new.is_a("IfcWall"):
+                    if tool.Model.strip_underside_booleans(new):
+                        tool.Model.reload_body_representation(new_obj)
+                    # HasOpenings rels don't follow object duplication, so
+                    # the duplicate's body must rebuild to match its current
+                    # opening set.
+                    else:
+                        tool.Model.regenerate_wall(new_obj)
 
         # Remap Blender parent relationships for duplicated objects
         for old_obj_name, new_obj_name in old_obj_name_to_new_obj_name.items():
@@ -2430,7 +2584,10 @@ class Geometry(bonsai.core.tool.Geometry):
             pset = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_pset(element, "BBIM_Array")
             if not pset:
                 continue
-            array_parents.add(tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(pset["Parent"]))
+            try:
+                array_parents.add(tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(pset["Parent"]))
+            except RuntimeError:
+                continue
 
         for array_parent in array_parents:
             array_parent_obj = tool.Ifc.get_object(array_parent)

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/model.py

@@ -75,11 +75,14 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from bonsai.bim.module.model.prop import (
         BIMArrayProperties,
         BIMDoorProperties,
+        BIMDuctSegmentProperties,
         BIMExternalParametricGeometryProperties,
         BIMModelProperties,
+        BIMPipeSegmentProperties,
         BIMPolylineProperties,
         BIMRailingProperties,
         BIMRoofProperties,
+        BIMSlabProperties,
         BIMStairProperties,
         BIMSverchokProperties,
         BIMWallProperties,
@@ -116,6 +119,18 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
     def get_railing_props(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> BIMRailingProperties:
         return obj.BIMRailingProperties  # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
 
+    @classmethod
+    def get_slab_props(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> BIMSlabProperties:
+        return obj.BIMSlabProperties  # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_pipe_segment_props(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> BIMPipeSegmentProperties:
+        return obj.BIMPipeSegmentProperties  # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_duct_segment_props(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> BIMDuctSegmentProperties:
+        return obj.BIMDuctSegmentProperties  # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
+
     @classmethod
     def get_sverchok_props(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> BIMSverchokProperties:
         return obj.BIMSverchokProperties  # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
@@ -362,6 +377,28 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
             else:
                 break
 
+    @classmethod
+    def get_sibling_occurrence_count(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> int:
+        """Number of *other* products sharing this element's body representation.
+
+        Returns the count of products bound to the same resolved body rep, minus
+        ``element`` itself and minus its type (if any). Zero when the element has
+        no body rep, no resolved rep, or no siblings. A non-zero result means a
+        parametric edit on ``element`` will silently mutate other instances'
+        geometry."""
+        body_rep = tool.Geometry.get_body_representation(element)
+        if not body_rep:
+            return 0
+        resolved = ifcopenshell.util.representation.resolve_representation(body_rep)
+        if not resolved:
+            return 0
+        elements = tool.Geometry.get_elements_by_representation(resolved)
+        elements.discard(element)
+        element_type = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_type(element)
+        if element_type is not None:
+            elements.discard(element_type)
+        return len(elements)
+
     unit_scale: float
     vertices: list[Vector]
     edges: list[Sequence[int]]
@@ -777,7 +814,7 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
         unit_scale = ifcopenshell.util.unit.calculate_unit_scale(tool.Ifc.get())
         layer_params = tool.Model.get_material_layer_parameters(element)
         layer_offset = layer_params["offset"]
-        thickness = layer_params["thickness"] / unit_scale
+        thickness = layer_params["thickness"]
         props = tool.Material.get_object_material_props(obj)
 
         # Try to load from pset if not already in props
@@ -785,7 +822,7 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
             pset = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_pset(element, "BBIM_MaterialLayer")
             if pset and pset.get("UseCustomOffset", False):
                 # Load from pset
-                custom_offset = pset.get("CustomOffset", 0.0)
+                custom_offset = pset.get("CustomOffset", 0.0) * unit_scale
                 usage_type = tool.Model.get_usage_type(element)
 
                 if usage_type == "LAYER2":
@@ -798,7 +835,7 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
                 return None
         else:
             # Use current props
-            custom_offset = props.custom_offset / unit_scale
+            custom_offset = props.custom_offset
             if tool.Model.get_usage_type(element) == "LAYER2":
                 custom_offset_reference = props.custom_wall_reference
             elif tool.Model.get_usage_type(element) == "LAYER3":
@@ -809,17 +846,17 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
         direction_sense = layer_params["direction_sense"]
 
         if direction_sense == "POSITIVE" and custom_offset_reference in {"INTERIOR", "TOP"}:
-            layer_offset = custom_offset - thickness * unit_scale
+            layer_offset = custom_offset - thickness
         if direction_sense == "POSITIVE" and custom_offset_reference in {"CENTER", "MIDDLE"}:
-            layer_offset = custom_offset - (thickness / 2) * unit_scale
+            layer_offset = custom_offset - (thickness / 2)
         if (direction_sense == "POSITIVE" and custom_offset_reference in {"EXTERIOR", "BOTTOM"}) or (
             direction_sense == "NEGATIVE" and custom_offset_reference in {"EXTERIOR", "TOP"}
         ):
             layer_offset = custom_offset
         if direction_sense == "NEGATIVE" and custom_offset_reference in {"CENTER", "MIDDLE"}:
-            layer_offset = custom_offset + (thickness / 2) * unit_scale
+            layer_offset = custom_offset + (thickness / 2)
         if direction_sense == "NEGATIVE" and custom_offset_reference in {"INTERIOR", "BOTTOM"}:
-            layer_offset = custom_offset + thickness * unit_scale
+            layer_offset = custom_offset + thickness
 
         return layer_offset / unit_scale
 
@@ -872,6 +909,46 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
         """Return True if element has an IfcRelConnectsElements(TOP) relationship."""
         return any(rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsElements") and rel.Description == "TOP" for rel in element.ConnectedFrom)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def strip_underside_booleans(cls, wall: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> bool:
+        """Remove slab-trim ``IfcBooleanResult`` items from a wall's body chain.
+
+        Returns ``True`` if any boolean was removed, so the caller knows whether
+        a Blender-side body reload is needed to surface the geometry change.
+
+        Hook for the duplicate path (Shift+D): the source wall's clip booleans
+        don't make sense on a copy pulled away from the slab. Booleans whose
+        ``SecondOperand.is_a("IfcTessellatedFaceSet")`` are removed — same
+        imprecise discriminator the rest of the wall-to-underside machinery
+        uses (manual cuts authored from tessellated meshes would also be
+        stripped, but most manual cuts use ``IfcExtrudedAreaSolid`` / CSG
+        primitives and are unaffected).
+
+        Cannot reuse ``remove_wall_to_underside_booleans`` here because the
+        duplicate's ``BBIM_Boolean.Data`` holds the source wall's stale ids —
+        ``get_manual_booleans`` returns empty on the copy and the helper
+        early-returns. The duplicate hook works directly off the chain.
+        """
+        representation = tool.Geometry.get_body_representation(wall)
+        if not representation:
+            return False
+        chain = cls.get_booleans(wall, representation)
+        to_remove = [b for b in chain if (sec := b.SecondOperand) is not None and sec.is_a("IfcTessellatedFaceSet")]
+        for b in to_remove:
+            tool.Geometry.remove_representation_item(b.SecondOperand, wall)
+        # Sweep the now-stale BBIM_Boolean entries on the copy (their ids point
+        # at booleans that were never in this wall's chain — they survived the
+        # ifcopenshell deep copy as JSON text in the pset payload).
+        pset_data = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_pset(wall, "BBIM_Boolean")
+        if pset_data:
+            representation = tool.Geometry.get_body_representation(wall)
+            chain_ids = {b.id() for b in cls.get_booleans(wall, representation)} if representation else set()
+            stored_ids = set(json.loads(pset_data["Data"]))
+            stale_ids = stored_ids - chain_ids
+            if stale_ids:
+                cls.unmark_manual_booleans(wall, list(stale_ids))
+        return bool(to_remove)
+
     @classmethod
     def remove_wall_to_underside_booleans(cls, wall: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> None:
         """Remove all IfcBooleanResult items previously added by extend_walls_to_underside."""
@@ -1243,7 +1320,10 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
             # handle elements unused in the array after regeneration
             removed_children = set(existing_children) - set(array["children"])
             for removed_child in removed_children:
-                element = tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(removed_child)
+                try:
+                    element = tool.Ifc.get().by_guid(removed_child)
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    continue
                 # Strip any wall/slab opening cut by this child before deletion,
                 # so the host's HasOpenings shrinks symmetrically with count.
                 if getattr(element, "FillsVoids", None):
@@ -1556,8 +1636,7 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
         element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(object)
         if not element:
             return
-        psets = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_psets(element)
-        pset_data = psets.get(pset_name, None)
+        pset_data = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_pset(element, pset_name)
         if not pset_data:
             return
         pset_data["data_dict"] = json.loads(pset_data.get("Data", "[]") or "[]")
@@ -2979,6 +3058,9 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
             regenerate_fillet_corner_wall(element, obj)
             return
         rep = ifcopenshell.api.geometry.regenerate_wall_representation(tool.Ifc.get(), element)
+        if rep is None:
+            # Wall has no IfcMaterialLayerSet — layer-set rebuild not applicable.
+            return
         bonsai.core.geometry.switch_representation(
             tool.Ifc,
             tool.Geometry,
@@ -2993,6 +3075,19 @@ class Model(bonsai.core.tool.Model):
         obj.matrix_world = tool.Loader.apply_blender_offset_to_matrix_world(obj, matrix)
         tool.Geometry.record_object_position(obj)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def regenerate_wall(cls, obj: bpy.types.Object) -> None:
+        """Rebuild a wall's body from current IFC state: extrusion + openings
+        first, then re-clip to any surviving ``IfcRelConnectsElements(TOP)``
+        slab. Safe on walls with no openings and no slab connection — both
+        steps no-op against their preconditions."""
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        if element is None:
+            return
+        cls.recreate_wall(element, obj)
+        if cls.has_underside_connection(element):
+            bonsai.core.model.regenerate_wall_to_underside(tool.Ifc, tool.Geometry, cls, [obj])
+
     @classmethod
     def recalculate_walls(cls, walls: list[bpy.types.Object]) -> None:
         queue: set[tuple[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, bpy.types.Object]] = set()

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/parametric.py

@@ -147,10 +147,6 @@ class Parametric(bonsai.core.tool.Parametric):
             self._data.clear()
             self._gen = None
 
-    # FIXME(PR5): pipe_segment / duct_segment land with their finish/cancel
-    # operators in the MEP slice of PR5 (PR5d). Until then they stay out of
-    # EDIT_TYPES so auto-commit-on-save doesn't try to dispatch a
-    # non-existent operator.
     EDIT_TYPES: list[ParametricObject] = [
         ParametricObject("door", has_non_editable_path=True, supports_build_edit_lifecycle=True),
         ParametricObject("window", has_non_editable_path=True, supports_build_edit_lifecycle=True),
@@ -158,7 +154,10 @@ class Parametric(bonsai.core.tool.Parametric):
         ParametricObject("railing", supports_build_edit_lifecycle=True),
         ParametricObject("roof", supports_build_edit_lifecycle=True),
         ParametricObject("array", supports_build_edit_lifecycle=True),
+        ParametricObject("pipe_segment", supports_build_edit_lifecycle=True),
+        ParametricObject("duct_segment", supports_build_edit_lifecycle=True),
         ParametricObject("wall"),
+        ParametricObject("slab"),
     ]
 
     # Annotations for the uppercase constants populated from ``EDIT_TYPES`` by
@@ -170,7 +169,10 @@ class Parametric(bonsai.core.tool.Parametric):
     RAILING: ClassVar[ParametricObject]
     ROOF: ClassVar[ParametricObject]
     ARRAY: ClassVar[ParametricObject]
+    PIPE_SEGMENT: ClassVar[ParametricObject]
+    DUCT_SEGMENT: ClassVar[ParametricObject]
     WALL: ClassVar[ParametricObject]
+    SLAB: ClassVar[ParametricObject]
 
     _geom_generation: int = 0
 
@@ -459,6 +461,15 @@ class Parametric(bonsai.core.tool.Parametric):
             return False
         return tool.Pset.get_element_pset(element, "BBIM_Stair") is not None
 
+    @classmethod
+    def is_slab(cls, element: entity_instance) -> bool:
+        """``True`` for any ``IfcSlab``. The slab edit lifecycle only gates
+        the connection-disconnect UI — no IFC mutation — so we don't narrow
+        further (e.g. by checking for wall connections). Per-gizmo polls
+        layer the "has wall connections" check on top via
+        ``tool.Wall.iter_slab_wall_connections``."""
+        return element is not None and element.is_a("IfcSlab")
+
     @classmethod
     def is_wall(cls, element: entity_instance) -> bool:
         """A wall is editable by the parametric gizmo if it is an IfcWall with LAYER2 usage.

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/patch.py

@@ -18,18 +18,33 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import re
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 import bpy
 import ifcopenshell
+import ifcopenshell.util.schema
 import ifcpatch
 
 import bonsai.core.tool
+import bonsai.tool
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from bonsai.bim.module.patch.prop import BIMPatchProperties
 
 
+# Lower index = older schema. Used to detect downgrades vs upgrades.
+_SCHEMA_AGE = {"IFC2X3": 0, "IFC4": 1, "IFC4X3": 2}
+
+# Pretty-printed argument name for the ``Migrate`` recipe's schema parameter
+# (see UpdateIfcPatchArguments.pretty_arg_name in bim/module/patch/operator.py).
+_MIGRATE_SCHEMA_ARG_NAME = "Schema"
+
+# Match a STEP-encoded FILE_SCHEMA header: ``FILE_SCHEMA(('IFC4'));`` and the
+# IFC4X3_ADD2 / IFC2X3_TC1 variants. Captures the bare schema identifier.
+_IFC_FILE_SCHEMA_RE = re.compile(r"FILE_SCHEMA\s*\(\s*\(\s*'([^']+)'", re.IGNORECASE)
+
+
 class Patch(bonsai.core.tool.Patch):
     @classmethod
     def get_patch_props(cls) -> BIMPatchProperties:
@@ -54,6 +69,63 @@ class Patch(bonsai.core.tool.Patch):
             "SplitByBuildingStorey",
         )
 
+    @classmethod
+    def get_preset_subdir(cls) -> str:
+        """Resolve the preset subdirectory for the currently selected recipe.
+
+        Returns a stable string for the ``-`` placeholder so the menu and save
+        operator remain usable when no real recipe has been picked yet."""
+        recipe = cls.get_patch_props().ifc_patch_recipes or "-"
+        return f"bonsai/ifc_patch/{recipe}"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def migration_is_lossy_downgrade(cls) -> bool:
+        """``True`` when the currently configured patch is the ``Migrate``
+        recipe targeting an older schema than the input file. Used to gate
+        the destructive-migration confirmation dialog."""
+        props = cls.get_patch_props()
+        if props.ifc_patch_recipes != "Migrate":
+            return False
+        target_schema = next(
+            (arg.get_value() for arg in props.ifc_patch_args_attr if arg.name == _MIGRATE_SCHEMA_ARG_NAME),
+            None,
+        )
+        if not target_schema:
+            return False
+        source_schema = cls._patch_source_schema()
+        if not source_schema:
+            return False
+        return _SCHEMA_AGE.get(target_schema, -1) < _SCHEMA_AGE.get(source_schema, -1)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _patch_source_schema(cls) -> str:
+        """Resolve the IFC schema of the configured input without parsing the
+        full file. For loaded-from-memory the schema is in the entity_instance
+        wrapper; for disk paths we read only the STEP file header (first ~2KB)
+        rather than ``ifcopenshell.open`` which parses the whole file."""
+        props = cls.get_patch_props()
+        if props.should_load_from_memory:
+            ifc_file = bonsai.tool.Ifc.get()
+            return ifc_file.schema if ifc_file else ""
+        if not props.ifc_patch_input:
+            return ""
+        try:
+            with open(props.ifc_patch_input, "rb") as f:
+                header = f.read(2048).decode("utf-8", errors="ignore")
+        except OSError:
+            return ""
+        match = _IFC_FILE_SCHEMA_RE.search(header)
+        if not match:
+            return ""
+        # Collapse IFC4X3_ADD2 / IFC2X3_TC1 / IFC4_ADD2 / IFC4X1 etc. to their
+        # base via the canonical normaliser — handles longest-prefix-first
+        # ordering correctly (IFC4X3 before IFC4) so we don't misclassify
+        # IFC4X3 files as IFC4.
+        try:
+            return ifcopenshell.util.schema.get_fallback_schema(match.group(1).upper())
+        except AssertionError:
+            return ""
+
     @classmethod
     def post_process_patch_arguments(cls, recipe: str, args: list[Any]) -> list[Any]:
         if recipe == "ExtractElements":

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/project.py

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ from typing import (
     NotRequired,
     Optional,
     TypedDict,
+    Union,
 )
 
 import bpy
@@ -376,12 +377,31 @@ class Project(bonsai.core.tool.Project):
             )
 
     @classmethod
-    def get_parent_library(cls, project_library: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> ifcopenshell.entity_instance:
+    def get_parent_library(
+        cls, project_library: ifcopenshell.entity_instance
+    ) -> Union[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, None]:
+        """Return the IfcContext that declares or nests ``project_library``.
+
+        Returns ``None`` when ``project_library`` is itself the root of a
+        library-only file (no IfcRelNests, no IfcRelDeclares).
+        """
         if nests := project_library.Nests:
-            # IfcProjectLibrary.
             return nests[0].RelatingObject
-        # IfcProject.
-        return project_library.HasContext[0].RelatingContext
+        if has_context := project_library.HasContext:
+            return has_context[0].RelatingContext
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_root_context(cls, ifc_file: ifcopenshell.file) -> ifcopenshell.entity_instance:
+        """Return the file's root IfcContext.
+
+        Prefers IfcProject if present, otherwise falls back to IfcProjectLibrary —
+        library-only files are valid per IFC4+ and contain no IfcProject. Caller is
+        responsible for the IFC2X3 guard; IfcContext does not exist in that schema.
+        """
+        if projects := ifc_file.by_type("IfcProject"):
+            return projects[0]
+        return ifc_file.by_type("IfcProjectLibrary")[0]
 
     @classmethod
     def get_project_hierarchy(cls, ifc_file: ifcopenshell.file) -> HiearchyDict:
@@ -401,6 +421,8 @@ class Project(bonsai.core.tool.Project):
             return hierarchy
         for project_library in ifc_file.by_type("IfcProjectLibrary"):
             parent_library = cls.get_parent_library(project_library)
+            if parent_library is None:
+                continue
             hierarchy[parent_library][project_library] = hierarchy[project_library]
         return hierarchy
 

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/raycast.py

@@ -969,6 +969,17 @@ class Raycast(bonsai.core.tool.Raycast):
     def create_snap_obj(cls, obj):
         if obj.data is None or not isinstance(obj.data, bpy.types.Mesh):
             return None
+        # Drop cache entries whose Blender object has been deleted. Accessing any
+        # attribute on a removed object raises ReferenceError ("StructRNA ... has
+        # been removed"), so test validity before comparing names below.
+        valid_snap_objs = []
+        for snap_obj in cls.snap_objs:
+            try:
+                snap_obj.obj.name
+            except ReferenceError:
+                continue
+            valid_snap_objs.append(snap_obj)
+        cls.snap_objs[:] = valid_snap_objs
         for i, snap_obj in enumerate(cls.snap_objs):
             if obj.name == snap_obj.obj.name:
                 # Handle objects modified while a modal operator is active.

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/spatial.py

@@ -80,10 +80,7 @@ class Spatial(bonsai.core.tool.Spatial):
     def get_root_element(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> ifcopenshell.entity_instance:
         while True:
             if parent := (
-                ifcopenshell.util.element.get_aggregate(element)
-                or ifcopenshell.util.element.get_nest(element)
-                or ifcopenshell.util.element.get_filled_void(element)
-                or ifcopenshell.util.element.get_voided_element(element)
+                ifcopenshell.util.element.get_aggregate(element) or ifcopenshell.util.element.get_nest(element)
             ):
                 element = parent
             else:

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/system.py

@@ -488,6 +488,87 @@ class System(bonsai.core.tool.System):
     def is_mep_element(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> bool:
         return element.is_a("IfcFlowSegment") or element.is_a("IfcFlowFitting")
 
+    @classmethod
+    def is_disconnectable_fitting(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> bool:
+        """A fitting whose deletion is the supported teardown for one of
+        its port connections. ``OBSTRUCTION`` fittings are excluded — they
+        have a dedicated grow/shrink flow (``bim.mep_add_obstruction``
+        with ``mode=REMOVE``) that absorbs the freed segment length."""
+        if not element.is_a("IfcFlowFitting"):
+            return False
+        return getattr(element, "PredefinedType", None) != "OBSTRUCTION"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def neighbours_at_ports(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> list[ifcopenshell.entity_instance]:
+        """Entities reachable from ``element``'s ports via a single
+        ``IfcRelConnectsPorts`` hop, deduped by IFC id."""
+        neighbours: list[ifcopenshell.entity_instance] = []
+        seen: set[int] = set()
+        for port in cls.get_ports(element):
+            connected_port = cls.get_connected_port(port)
+            if connected_port is None:
+                continue
+            neighbour = ifcopenshell.util.system.get_port_element(connected_port)
+            if neighbour is None or neighbour.id() in seen:
+                continue
+            seen.add(neighbour.id())
+            neighbours.append(neighbour)
+        return neighbours
+
+    @classmethod
+    def find_bridging_fitting(
+        cls,
+        elem_a: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+        elem_b: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    ) -> Union[ifcopenshell.entity_instance, None]:
+        """Return the disconnectable ``IfcFlowFitting`` whose removal
+        disconnects ``elem_a`` from ``elem_b``, or ``None``.
+
+        Two topologies are handled. (1) Direct port-to-port between a
+        segment/fitting and a disconnectable fitting: the fitting endpoint
+        is returned. (2) Two segments joined by a single bridging
+        disconnectable fitting: the bridging fitting is returned.
+        ``OBSTRUCTION`` fittings short-circuit to ``None``."""
+        if not (cls.is_mep_element(elem_a) and cls.is_mep_element(elem_b)):
+            return None
+
+        a_neighbours = cls.neighbours_at_ports(elem_a)
+        b_neighbours = cls.neighbours_at_ports(elem_b)
+        elem_a_id = elem_a.id()
+        elem_b_id = elem_b.id()
+
+        if cls.is_disconnectable_fitting(elem_a) and any(n.id() == elem_b_id for n in a_neighbours):
+            return elem_a
+        if cls.is_disconnectable_fitting(elem_b) and any(n.id() == elem_a_id for n in b_neighbours):
+            return elem_b
+
+        a_fittings = [n for n in a_neighbours if cls.is_disconnectable_fitting(n)]
+        if not a_fittings:
+            return None
+        b_fitting_ids = {n.id() for n in b_neighbours if cls.is_disconnectable_fitting(n)}
+        for fitting in a_fittings:
+            if fitting.id() in b_fitting_ids:
+                return fitting
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def has_parametric_body(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> bool:
+        """True when the MEP element's body representation is a profile sweep
+        (``IfcExtrudedAreaSolid`` for segments, ``IfcSweptDiskSolid`` for
+        fittings) — the shape the parametric edit + MEP action gizmos can
+        actually mutate. Tessellation- or brep-imported MEP elements return
+        False so their gizmos hide rather than offer edits the geometry
+        kernel can't honour."""
+        import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+        body = tool.Geometry.get_body_representation(element)
+        if body is None:
+            return False
+        for item in tool.Ifc.get().traverse(body):
+            if item.is_a("IfcExtrudedAreaSolid") or item.is_a("IfcSweptDiskSolid"):
+                return True
+        return False
+
     @classmethod
     def walk_connected_mep_elements(
         cls, start_element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/type.py

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import bpy
 import ifcopenshell
 import ifcopenshell.util.element
 import ifcopenshell.util.representation
+import ifcopenshell.util.type
 
 import bonsai.core.geometry
 import bonsai.core.tool
@@ -96,6 +97,18 @@ class Type(bonsai.core.tool.Type):
     def get_type_occurrences(cls, element_type: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> list[ifcopenshell.entity_instance]:
         return ifcopenshell.util.element.get_types(element_type)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def is_relating_type_compatible(
+        cls,
+        occurrence: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+        relating_type: ifcopenshell.entity_instance,
+    ) -> bool:
+        # IFC's EXPRESS schema has no WHERE rule pairing IfcRelDefinesByType's
+        # RelatingType / RelatedObjects classes; the one-to-one class pairing
+        # is a buildingSMART implementer agreement, not file-validation.
+        schema = occurrence.file.schema
+        return relating_type.is_a() in ifcopenshell.util.type.get_applicable_types(occurrence.is_a(), schema=schema)
+
     @classmethod
     def has_material_usage(cls, element: ifcopenshell.entity_instance) -> bool:
         material = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_material(element)

src/bonsai/bonsai/tool/wall.py

@@ -242,6 +242,75 @@ class Wall(bonsai.core.tool.Wall):
         local_p2 = Vector((p2[0] * unit_scale, p2[1] * unit_scale, 0.0))
         return obj.matrix_world @ local_p1, obj.matrix_world @ local_p2
 
+    @classmethod
+    def iter_wall_slab_connections(cls, wall: ifcopenshell.entity_instance):
+        """Yield ``(slab, rel)`` tuples for every ``IfcRelConnectsElements(TOP)``
+        connecting a slab to this wall — the rel kind ``extend_walls_to_underside``
+        creates. Walks ``wall.ConnectedFrom`` because the slab is the relating
+        side of the TOP rel."""
+        for rel in getattr(wall, "ConnectedFrom", []) or ():
+            if not rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsElements") or rel.Description != "TOP":
+                continue
+            slab = rel.RelatingElement
+            if slab is None:
+                continue
+            yield slab, rel
+
+    @classmethod
+    def iter_slab_wall_connections(cls, slab: ifcopenshell.entity_instance):
+        """Yield ``(wall, rel)`` tuples for every wall clipped to this slab's
+        underside. Mirror of ``iter_wall_slab_connections`` from the slab side
+        — walks ``slab.ConnectedTo``."""
+        for rel in getattr(slab, "ConnectedTo", []) or ():
+            if not rel.is_a("IfcRelConnectsElements") or rel.Description != "TOP":
+                continue
+            wall = rel.RelatedElement
+            if wall is None:
+                continue
+            yield wall, rel
+
+    @classmethod
+    def find_wall_slab_rel(
+        cls, wall: ifcopenshell.entity_instance, slab: ifcopenshell.entity_instance
+    ) -> ifcopenshell.entity_instance | None:
+        """Return the single ``IfcRelConnectsElements(TOP)`` between ``wall``
+        and ``slab``, or ``None`` if none exists. Used by the disconnect
+        operator to find the specific rel to remove."""
+        for s, rel in cls.iter_wall_slab_connections(wall):
+            if s == slab:
+                return rel
+        return None
+
+    WALL_SLAB_CONNECTION_Z_CLEARANCE = 0.5
+    """Lift above the wall top so the disconnect icon sits above the
+    extend-vertical / slope gizmo and reads as "the thing above the wall =
+    the slab connection"."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def wall_slab_connection_location_world(
+        cls, wall_obj: bpy.types.Object, slab_obj: bpy.types.Object
+    ) -> Vector | None:
+        """World-space anchor for the wall-slab disconnect icon.
+
+        X / Y come from the wall axis midpoint (so the icon sits in the
+        middle of the wall horizontally); Z is the wall's top in world space
+        plus ``WALL_SLAB_CONNECTION_Z_CLEARANCE`` so the icon perches above
+        the slope gizmo. The slab-side gizmo calls this with the same
+        arguments so both sides of the same connection render a single
+        visual marker. ``slab_obj`` is kept on the signature for the
+        symmetric call shape; the helper's body no longer reads from it.
+        Returns ``None`` when the wall has no reference line."""
+        ref = cls.get_world_reference_line(wall_obj)
+        if ref is None:
+            return None
+        axis_mid_world = (ref[0] + ref[1]) * 0.5
+        if wall_obj.bound_box:
+            wall_top_local_z = max(c[2] for c in wall_obj.bound_box)
+            wall_top_world_z = (wall_obj.matrix_world @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, wall_top_local_z))).z
+        else:
+            wall_top_world_z = axis_mid_world.z
+        return Vector((axis_mid_world.x, axis_mid_world.y, wall_top_world_z + cls.WALL_SLAB_CONNECTION_Z_CLEARANCE))
+
     @classmethod
     def walk_connected_walls(
         cls,

src/bonsai/pytest.ini

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ markers =
     brick
     bsdd
     classification
+    clip_box
     context
     cost
     covering

src/bonsai/test/bim/conftest.py

@@ -1,5 +1,46 @@
 import pytest
 
+
+class _FakePropsBase:
+    """Base for parametric-edit PropertyGroup stand-ins used in lifecycle tests.
+
+    The parametric-edit lifecycle mixins read/write a common contract:
+    ``is_editing`` (bool), ``last_kwargs`` (dict | None — capture of the last
+    data written via ``set_props_kwargs_from_ifc_data``),
+    ``set_props_kwargs_from_ifc_data(data)``, and
+    ``get_general_kwargs(convert_to_project_units=True)``. Per-type stand-ins
+    (door, railing, roof) subclass this and add their own kwargs accessors
+    and per-type fields."""
+
+    def __init__(self, general: dict | None = None):
+        self.is_editing = False
+        self.last_kwargs: dict | None = None
+        self.general = dict(general) if general is not None else {}
+
+    def set_props_kwargs_from_ifc_data(self, data):
+        self.last_kwargs = dict(data)
+
+    def get_general_kwargs(self, convert_to_project_units=True):
+        return dict(self.general)
+
+
+def make_lifecycle_obj(props, *, name="obj"):
+    """Build a ``bpy.types.Object`` stand-in for parametric-lifecycle tests.
+
+    The mixin code under test reads ``obj.props`` (the PropertyGroup
+    stand-in) and ``obj.name`` (used in error reports). ``spec=bpy.types.Object``
+    catches typo'd attribute access at test time. ``bpy`` is imported inside
+    the function so this conftest stays importable when bpy is absent."""
+    from unittest import mock
+
+    import bpy
+
+    obj = mock.Mock(spec=bpy.types.Object, name=name)
+    obj.props = props
+    obj.name = name
+    return obj
+
+
 # pytest by default doesn't print steps and where it failed. Let's fix that.
 
 

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/clip_box/test_add_for_source.py

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+import bpy
+import ifcopenshell
+import ifcopenshell.api.spatial
+import pytest
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from test.bim.bootstrap import NewFile
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.clip_box
+
+
+def _make_ifc_cube(ifc, ifc_class, location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), size=2.0):
+    bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=size, location=location)
+    obj = bpy.context.active_object
+    entity = ifc.create_entity(ifc_class)
+    tool.Ifc.link(entity, obj)
+    return entity, obj
+
+
+class TestAddClipBoxForSourceSpatial(NewFile):
+    def test_spatial_creates_clip_box_sized_to_contained_walls(self):
+        ifc = ifcopenshell.file()
+        tool.Ifc.set(ifc)
+        storey = ifc.create_entity("IfcBuildingStorey")
+        wall_a, _ = _make_ifc_cube(ifc, "IfcWall", location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), size=2.0)
+        wall_b, _ = _make_ifc_cube(ifc, "IfcWall", location=(4.0, 0.0, 0.0), size=2.0)
+        ifcopenshell.api.spatial.assign_container(ifc, products=[wall_a, wall_b], relating_structure=storey)
+
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box_for_source(source_kind="SPATIAL", source_id=str(storey.id()))
+
+        assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 1
+        host = scene_props.clip_boxes[0].obj
+        assert tool.ClipBox.get_object_props(host).is_clip_box is True
+        translation, _, scale = host.matrix_world.decompose()
+        assert translation.x == pytest.approx(2.0)
+        assert scale.x == pytest.approx(3.0)
+
+
+class TestAddClipBoxForSourceClass(NewFile):
+    def test_class_creates_clip_box_for_all_walls(self):
+        ifc = ifcopenshell.file()
+        tool.Ifc.set(ifc)
+        # Two walls + one window; the IfcWall pick should cover only the walls.
+        _make_ifc_cube(ifc, "IfcWall", location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), size=2.0)
+        _make_ifc_cube(ifc, "IfcWall", location=(4.0, 0.0, 0.0), size=2.0)
+        _make_ifc_cube(ifc, "IfcWindow", location=(20.0, 0.0, 0.0), size=2.0)
+
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box_for_source(source_kind="CLASS", source_id="IfcWall")
+
+        assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        host = scene_props.clip_boxes[0].obj
+        translation, _, scale = host.matrix_world.decompose()
+        # AABB of the two walls only (x in [-1, 5]); window at x=20 must not contribute.
+        assert translation.x == pytest.approx(2.0)
+        assert scale.x == pytest.approx(3.0)
+
+
+class TestAddClipBoxForSourceEmpty(NewFile):
+    def test_no_matching_elements_reports_error(self):
+        # bpy.ops.* raises RuntimeError when an operator reports {"ERROR"},
+        # so the assertion is on the raised message rather than the return code.
+        ifc = ifcopenshell.file()
+        tool.Ifc.set(ifc)
+        walltype = ifc.create_entity("IfcWallType")
+        # No occurrences linked — TYPE source resolves to 0 elements.
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="No elements found"):
+            bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box_for_source(source_kind="TYPE", source_id=str(walltype.id()))
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 0
+
+    def test_placeholder_source_id_reports_error(self):
+        # With no IFC file loaded, data.py callbacks return the NO_OPTIONS_ID
+        # sentinel. Submitting that sentinel as the picked source must ERROR.
+        from bonsai.bim.module.clip_box import data as clip_data
+
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="No source selected"):
+            bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box_for_source(source_kind="SPATIAL", source_id=clip_data.NO_OPTIONS_ID)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 0
+
+
+class TestRemoveClipBoxOrphan(NewFile):
+    def test_remove_orphan_entry_when_host_object_deleted(self):
+        # The remove operator must work on an orphan entry — i.e. one whose
+        # host empty was deleted out from under it via the outliner.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 1
+        host = scene_props.clip_boxes[0].obj
+        assert host is not None
+
+        bpy.data.objects.remove(host, do_unlink=True)
+
+        # Entry survives but its `obj` pointer is now None.
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 1
+        assert scene_props.clip_boxes[0].obj is None
+
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.remove_clip_box(index=0)
+
+        assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 0

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/clip_box/test_clip_box.py

@@ -0,0 +1,800 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+import math
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from test.bim.bootstrap import NewFile
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.clip_box
+
+
+class TestAddClipBox(NewFile):
+    def test_creates_empty_and_registers_entry(self):
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 1
+        host = scene_props.clip_boxes[0].obj
+        assert host is not None
+        assert host.empty_display_type == "CUBE"
+        obj_props = tool.ClipBox.get_object_props(host)
+        assert obj_props.is_clip_box is True
+
+    def test_spawns_at_3d_cursor(self):
+        bpy.context.scene.cursor.location = (4.0, 0.0, 2.0)
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        assert host is not None
+        assert host.matrix_world.translation.x == pytest.approx(4.0)
+        assert host.matrix_world.translation.z == pytest.approx(2.0)
+
+    def test_spawns_in_clip_boxes_collection(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        collection_names = [c.name for c in host.users_collection]
+        assert "BBIM_ClipBoxes" in collection_names
+
+
+class TestActiveClipBoxResolution(NewFile):
+    def test_no_box_returns_none(self):
+        assert tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box() is None
+
+    def test_active_index_out_of_range_returns_none(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.active_clip_box_index = 99
+        assert tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box() is None
+
+
+class TestComputePlanes(NewFile):
+    def test_planes_match_unit_box_at_origin(self):
+        bpy.context.scene.cursor.location = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Identity(4)
+
+        planes = tool.ClipBox.compute_planes(host)
+        assert tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((0, 0, 0)))
+        assert not tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((2, 0, 0)))
+        assert not tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((0, 0, -2)))
+
+    def test_scaled_host_grows_clip_region(self):
+        bpy.context.scene.cursor.location = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Diagonal((3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0))
+
+        # Test points well clear of any reasonable expand margin so the
+        # assertion pins the OBB scaling behaviour, not the margin value.
+        planes = tool.ClipBox.compute_planes(host)
+        assert tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((2.5, 0, 0)))
+        assert not tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((4.0, 0, 0)))
+
+    def test_rotated_host_rotates_clip_region(self):
+        bpy.context.scene.cursor.location = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Rotation(math.radians(45), 4, "Z")
+
+        # Test points well clear of the expand margin so the assertion
+        # pins rotation, not the margin value.
+        planes = tool.ClipBox.compute_planes(host)
+        assert tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((0.5, 0, 0)))
+        assert not tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((2.0, 0, 0)))
+
+    def test_translated_and_rotated_host_keeps_centre_inside(self):
+        bpy.context.scene.cursor.location = (5.0, 7.0, 0.0)
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Translation((5.0, 7.0, 0.0)) @ Matrix.Rotation(math.radians(30), 4, "Z")
+
+        planes = tool.ClipBox.compute_planes(host)
+        assert tool.Cad.point_is_inside_clip_planes(planes, Vector((5, 7, 0)))
+
+    def test_margin_grows_with_scale(self):
+        # The empty's CUBE display lives at local +-1; the GPU dot
+        # product that tests each wireframe vertex against the clip
+        # planes has float error that scales with the axis's world
+        # half-extent. A fixed absolute margin gets eaten by that drift
+        # once the box is spawned at non-trivial scale, so the half-
+        # extent the planes encode must include a relative term — the
+        # margin between the wireframe edge and the plane must grow
+        # with the scale.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Identity(4)
+        planes_unit = tool.ClipBox.compute_planes(host)
+        # +X plane: normal (-1, 0, 0), d = half_x. Read half from d.
+        half_unit = planes_unit[0][3]
+        margin_unit = half_unit - 1.0
+
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Diagonal((100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.0))
+        planes_scaled = tool.ClipBox.compute_planes(host)
+        half_scaled = planes_scaled[0][3]
+        margin_scaled = half_scaled - 100.0
+
+        assert margin_scaled > margin_unit * 10, (
+            f"margin must scale with extent: unit={margin_unit:g}, " f"scale-100={margin_scaled:g}"
+        )
+
+
+class TestToggleEnabled(NewFile):
+    def test_flips_scene_enabled_flag(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        original = scene_props.enabled
+        bpy.ops.bim.toggle_clip_box_enabled()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is (not original)
+
+
+class TestSetActiveClipBox(NewFile):
+    def test_switches_active_index(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert scene_props.active_clip_box_index == 1
+        bpy.ops.bim.set_active_clip_box(index=0)
+        assert scene_props.active_clip_box_index == 0
+
+    def test_invalid_index_cancels(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.set_active_clip_box(index=99)
+        assert result == {"CANCELLED"}
+
+
+class TestRemoveClipBox(NewFile):
+    def test_drops_active_entry_when_no_index(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host_name = host.name
+        bpy.ops.bim.remove_clip_box(delete_object=True)
+        assert host_name not in bpy.data.objects
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 0
+
+    def test_drops_specified_index(self):
+        # Per-row UIList button passes index explicitly; the user can
+        # click X on any row without first selecting it as active.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        first_name = scene_props.clip_boxes[0].obj.name
+        bpy.ops.bim.remove_clip_box(index=0)
+        assert first_name not in bpy.data.objects
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 1
+
+    def test_no_active_box_cancels(self):
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.remove_clip_box()
+        assert result == {"CANCELLED"}
+
+    def test_out_of_range_index_cancels(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.remove_clip_box(index=99)
+        assert result == {"CANCELLED"}
+
+
+class TestPsetPersistence(NewFile):
+    def test_add_clip_box_writes_project_pset(self):
+        import ifcopenshell.util.element
+
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        project = tool.Ifc.get().by_type("IfcProject")[0]
+        psets = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_psets(project)
+        assert tool.ClipBox.PSET_NAME in psets
+        assert psets[tool.ClipBox.PSET_NAME]["Count"] == 1
+
+    def test_round_trip_via_pset_restores_matrix(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Translation((5.0, 7.0, 3.0)) @ Matrix.Diagonal((2.0, 1.5, 0.5, 1.0))
+        tool.ClipBox.save_to_project_pset()
+
+        # Simulate a fresh-load state: clear scene list AND delete the
+        # Blender empty so load has to recreate it.
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.clip_boxes.clear()
+        bpy.data.objects.remove(host, do_unlink=True)
+
+        tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 1
+        rehydrated = scene_props.clip_boxes[0].obj
+        assert rehydrated is not None
+        for r in range(4):
+            for c in range(4):
+                expected = (Matrix.Translation((5.0, 7.0, 3.0)) @ Matrix.Diagonal((2.0, 1.5, 0.5, 1.0)))[r][c]
+                assert rehydrated.matrix_world[r][c] == pytest.approx(expected, abs=1e-6)
+
+    def test_load_from_pset_is_idempotent(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+        tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+        assert len(tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props().clip_boxes) == 1
+
+    def test_load_from_pset_does_not_touch_enabled(self):
+        # ``enabled`` is intentionally not persisted to the pset — the
+        # default is False (fresh .blend) and Blender's own .blend
+        # session save carries the user's saved value through reload.
+        # ``load_from_project_pset`` must not stomp either.
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.enabled = True
+        tool.ClipBox.save_to_project_pset()
+
+        # Simulate the depsgraph IFC-reload branch: load runs without
+        # touching enabled; the prior True value must survive.
+        tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is True
+
+        # And the opposite: load when False must not flip it True.
+        scene_props.enabled = False
+        tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is False
+
+    def test_add_clip_box_creates_no_ifc_entity(self):
+        # The clip box is project-pset persisted; there must be no
+        # IfcRoot entity attached to the empty (which would lock its
+        # scale and strip it on export).
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        assert tool.Ifc.get_entity(host) is None
+
+    def test_show_caps_round_trips_via_pset(self):
+        # show_caps is a scene-level toggle persisted in the project pset.
+        # Per-mesh cap cost dominates the bisect, which doesn't scale with
+        # clip-box extent, so the toggle applies file-wide.
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.show_caps = False
+        tool.ClipBox.save_to_project_pset()
+
+        scene_props.clip_boxes.clear()
+        scene_props.show_caps = True  # default; load_from_project_pset must flip back to False
+        bpy.data.objects.remove(host, do_unlink=True)
+
+        tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+        assert scene_props.show_caps is False
+
+
+class TestCapGeneration(NewFile):
+    def test_cap_for_box_straddling_clip_plane_produces_triangles(self):
+        # A 2x2x2 cube centred at the origin, clipped by a unit-radius clip
+        # box also at the origin: the four faces of the cube that pierce
+        # the +/- x box faces should yield cap polygons on the two faces.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Identity(4)  # unit box at origin
+
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=4.0, location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        cube = bpy.context.active_object
+
+        world_planes = tool.Cad.obb_clip_planes_from_matrix(host.matrix_world)
+        verts = tool.ClipBox._compute_caps_for_object(cube, world_planes)
+
+        # Every cap is at least one triangle (3 verts each), and we expect
+        # 6 cap polygons (one per box face) → at minimum 18 verts.
+        assert len(verts) >= 18
+        assert len(verts) % 3 == 0
+
+    def test_cap_for_mesh_entirely_outside_box_produces_nothing(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Identity(4)
+
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=1.0, location=(10.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        cube = bpy.context.active_object
+
+        world_planes = tool.Cad.obb_clip_planes_from_matrix(host.matrix_world)
+        verts = tool.ClipBox._compute_caps_for_object(cube, world_planes)
+        assert verts == []
+
+    def test_cap_for_mesh_entirely_inside_box_produces_nothing(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Identity(4)
+
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=0.5, location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        cube = bpy.context.active_object
+
+        world_planes = tool.Cad.obb_clip_planes_from_matrix(host.matrix_world)
+        verts = tool.ClipBox._compute_caps_for_object(cube, world_planes)
+        assert verts == []
+
+    def test_non_watertight_mesh_does_not_crash(self):
+        # The cap pipeline assumes watertight input; non-watertight
+        # meshes (terrain, single-shell surfaces) may produce degenerate
+        # caps but must not raise. The user is responsible for input
+        # quality.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        host.matrix_world = Matrix.Identity(4)
+
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_grid_add(size=4.0, location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        grid = bpy.context.active_object
+
+        world_planes = tool.Cad.obb_clip_planes_from_matrix(host.matrix_world)
+        verts = tool.ClipBox._compute_caps_for_object(grid, world_planes)
+        assert isinstance(verts, list)
+
+    def test_show_caps_defaults_on_and_toggles(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert scene_props.show_caps is True
+        scene_props.show_caps = False
+        assert scene_props.show_caps is False
+
+
+class TestCapEligibility(NewFile):
+    def test_ifc_space_is_not_capped(self):
+        # IfcSpace is an IfcProduct (spatial structure) but should never
+        # cap — spaces are non-physical containers; capping them sprouts
+        # solid fills where the room boundary crosses the clip plane.
+        tool.Project.get_project_props().template_file = "IFC4 Demo Template.ifc"
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
+        space_obj = bpy.context.active_object
+        tool.Root.get_root_props().ifc_product = "IfcSpatialElement"
+        bpy.ops.bim.assign_class(ifc_class="IfcSpace")
+
+        capable = list(tool.ClipBox._iter_capable_objects(bpy.context.scene))
+        assert space_obj not in capable
+
+    def test_ifc_wall_is_capped(self):
+        tool.Project.get_project_props().template_file = "IFC4 Demo Template.ifc"
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
+        wall_obj = bpy.context.active_object
+        tool.Root.get_root_props().ifc_product = "IfcElement"
+        bpy.ops.bim.assign_class(ifc_class="IfcWall")
+
+        capable = list(tool.ClipBox._iter_capable_objects(bpy.context.scene))
+        assert wall_obj in capable
+
+    def test_pure_blender_mesh_is_not_capped(self):
+        tool.Project.get_project_props().template_file = "IFC4 Demo Template.ifc"
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
+        cube = bpy.context.active_object
+        # No assign_class — pure Blender mesh, no IFC entity attached.
+        capable = list(tool.ClipBox._iter_capable_objects(bpy.context.scene))
+        assert cube not in capable
+
+
+class TestDuplicateClipBox(NewFile):
+    def test_duplicates_active_when_no_index(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        source = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        source.matrix_world = Matrix.Translation((3.0, 4.0, 5.0)) @ Matrix.Diagonal((2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0))
+
+        bpy.ops.bim.duplicate_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 2
+        copy = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        assert copy is not source
+        for r in range(4):
+            for c in range(4):
+                assert copy.matrix_world[r][c] == pytest.approx(source.matrix_world[r][c])
+        assert tool.ClipBox.get_object_props(copy).is_clip_box is True
+
+    def test_duplicates_specified_index(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        first = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        # Active is now index 1; duplicate index 0 explicitly.
+        bpy.ops.bim.duplicate_clip_box(index=0)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 3
+        copy = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        for r in range(4):
+            for c in range(4):
+                assert copy.matrix_world[r][c] == pytest.approx(first.matrix_world[r][c])
+
+    def test_no_active_box_cancels(self):
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.duplicate_clip_box()
+        assert result == {"CANCELLED"}
+
+    def test_out_of_range_index_cancels(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        result = bpy.ops.bim.duplicate_clip_box(index=99)
+        assert result == {"CANCELLED"}
+
+    def test_duplicate_arms_clipping(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()  # arms
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.enabled = False  # user disables
+        bpy.ops.bim.duplicate_clip_box()  # re-arms
+        assert scene_props.enabled is True
+
+
+class TestCollectionSync(NewFile):
+    def test_sync_adopts_orphan_clip_box_empty(self):
+        # Simulates Bonsai's Shift+D duplicate: an empty with is_clip_box=True
+        # exists in the BBIM_ClipBoxes collection but no scene-list entry
+        # points at it. The sync must adopt it as a first-class clip box.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        source = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+
+        orphan = bpy.data.objects.new(source.name, None)
+        orphan.empty_display_type = "CUBE"
+        orphan.empty_display_size = 1.0
+        orphan.matrix_world = source.matrix_world.copy()
+        tool.ClipBox.get_object_props(orphan).is_clip_box = True
+        collection = bpy.data.collections.get("BBIM_ClipBoxes")
+        collection.objects.link(orphan)
+
+        tool.ClipBox._sync_collection_to_list(bpy.context.scene)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 2
+        assert scene_props.clip_boxes[-1].obj is orphan
+        assert scene_props.active_clip_box_index == 1
+
+    def test_sync_skips_unflagged_empties(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        collection = bpy.data.collections.get("BBIM_ClipBoxes")
+        decoy = bpy.data.objects.new("Decoy", None)
+        collection.objects.link(decoy)
+
+        tool.ClipBox._sync_collection_to_list(bpy.context.scene)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert len(scene_props.clip_boxes) == 1
+
+
+class TestEnabledIsSceneLevel(NewFile):
+    def test_default_is_false(self):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is False
+
+    def test_add_arms_clipping(self):
+        # Adding any clip box flips enabled True so the user
+        # immediately sees the cut and discovers the panel toggle
+        # by association.
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is False
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is True
+
+    def test_subsequent_adds_re_arm_after_user_disables(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()  # arms
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.enabled = False  # user disables
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()  # second add re-arms
+        assert scene_props.enabled is True
+
+    def test_selecting_clip_box_does_not_arm(self):
+        # Per design, selecting a clip box empty must NOT toggle the
+        # scene-level enabled — activation is panel-only. Otherwise a
+        # casual click in the outliner would silently hide geometry
+        # with no obvious unarm path for a user who hasn't found the
+        # panel yet.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.enabled = False  # disable after first-add auto-arm
+
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        bpy.context.view_layer.objects.active = host
+        tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update(bpy.context.scene, None)
+        assert scene_props.enabled is False
+
+    def test_toggle_operator_flips_scene_enabled(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()  # first-add arms it
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is True
+        bpy.ops.bim.toggle_clip_box_enabled()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is False
+        bpy.ops.bim.toggle_clip_box_enabled()
+        assert scene_props.enabled is True
+
+
+class TestSpawnScale(NewFile):
+    def test_default_scale_is_ten(self):
+        # Default spawn scale is 10 (=20m cube) to cover a typical
+        # storey, not the meaningless 1m unit cube.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        assert tuple(host.scale) == pytest.approx((10.0, 10.0, 10.0))
+
+
+class TestCapRebuildDebounce(NewFile):
+    """The depsgraph handler debounces cap rebuilds so a burst of
+    updates (e.g. an external-addon gizmo drag) collapses to one
+    rebuild ~250 ms after the storm subsides. Bonsai's own transform
+    modals get a fast path: an immediate rebuild on the True→False
+    transition of ``is_transform_modal_active``.
+    """
+
+    def setup_method(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+        tool.ClipBox._last_modal_state = False
+        tool.ClipBox._last_seen_object_matrices.clear()
+
+    def teardown_method(self):
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+        tool.ClipBox._last_modal_state = False
+        tool.ClipBox._last_seen_object_matrices.clear()
+
+    def test_modal_end_triggers_immediate_rebuild(self):
+        # Prime "previous tick had a modal active" then run a tick with
+        # no modal → fast path fires rebuild_cap_cache synchronously,
+        # bypassing the timer. Targets _handle_cap_tick directly to
+        # bypass the screen guard that aborts in headless test runs.
+        tool.ClipBox._last_modal_state = True
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "rebuild_cap_cache") as mock_rebuild,
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "_schedule_cap_rebuild") as mock_schedule,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox._handle_cap_tick(bpy.context.scene, None)
+        mock_rebuild.assert_called_once()
+        mock_schedule.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_burst_collapses_to_one_pending_timer(self):
+        # 5 ticks with no modal active → schedule called 5 times; each
+        # call cancels the previous pending timer and registers a fresh
+        # one, so exactly one timer is pending at the end.
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "rebuild_cap_cache"),
+        ):
+            for _ in range(5):
+                tool.ClipBox._handle_cap_tick(bpy.context.scene, None)
+        pending = tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild
+        assert pending is not None
+        assert bpy.app.timers.is_registered(pending)
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+
+    def test_pending_rebuild_hides_caps(self):
+        # While a debounce is in flight, on_post_view_caps must not
+        # draw — the cached batches reflect an earlier frame and would
+        # look stale against the geometry being mutated.
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.enabled = True
+        scene_props.show_caps = True
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "rebuild_cap_cache"),
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox._handle_cap_tick(bpy.context.scene, None)
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is not None
+
+        # Populate cap_cache to non-empty so the first-line gate
+        # "if not cls._cap_cache: return" doesn't fire — the contract
+        # we're pinning is the pending-rebuild gate specifically.
+        tool.ClipBox._cap_cache["sentinel"] = ((), None)
+        try:
+            # If pending-rebuild gate works, on_post_view_caps exits
+            # before importing gpu / building a shader. Patch
+            # gpu.shader.from_builtin to fail loudly if drawing happens.
+            with (
+                patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+                patch("gpu.shader.from_builtin", side_effect=AssertionError("should be hidden")),
+            ):
+                tool.ClipBox.on_post_view_caps()
+        finally:
+            tool.ClipBox._cap_cache.pop("sentinel", None)
+            tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+
+    def test_cancel_pending_drops_timer(self):
+        with patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False):
+            tool.ClipBox._schedule_cap_rebuild()
+        pending = tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild
+        assert pending is not None and bpy.app.timers.is_registered(pending)
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is None
+        assert not bpy.app.timers.is_registered(pending)
+
+    def test_unregister_handler_cancels_pending(self):
+        # The module's unregister() must drop any pending rebuild so a
+        # timer can't fire against a freed addon. Exercise the helper
+        # directly — full addon unregister would tear down too much for
+        # a unit test.
+        with patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False):
+            tool.ClipBox._schedule_cap_rebuild()
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is not None
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is None
+
+    def test_selection_only_tick_does_not_schedule(self):
+        # Selecting an Object raises is_updated_transform=True on the
+        # Object itself even though no actual matrix delta occurred
+        # (Blender quirk). The matrix-hash baseline must filter that
+        # out so the cache and hide-while-pending gate don't flash on
+        # every click. Also covers the Scene/ViewLayer noise.
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add()
+        cube = bpy.context.active_object
+
+        # Prime the baseline so cube's current matrix hash is "seen".
+        tool.ClipBox._last_seen_object_matrices[cube.name] = tool.Blender.hash_matrix(cube.matrix_world)
+
+        class _SceneUpdate:
+            id = bpy.context.scene
+            is_updated_geometry = False
+            is_updated_transform = True
+
+        class _CubeSelectionUpdate:
+            id = cube
+            is_updated_geometry = False
+            is_updated_transform = True  # quirk: matrix unchanged
+
+        class _FakeDepsgraph:
+            updates = (_SceneUpdate(), _CubeSelectionUpdate())
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "_schedule_cap_rebuild") as mock_schedule,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox._handle_cap_tick(bpy.context.scene, _FakeDepsgraph())
+        mock_schedule.assert_not_called()
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is None
+
+    def test_real_transform_tick_does_schedule(self):
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add()
+        cube = bpy.context.active_object
+        # Baseline hash, then mutate the matrix so the filter sees a
+        # true delta on the next tick.
+        tool.ClipBox._last_seen_object_matrices[cube.name] = tool.Blender.hash_matrix(cube.matrix_world)
+        cube.matrix_world = cube.matrix_world @ Matrix.Translation((1.0, 0, 0))
+
+        class _TransformUpdate:
+            id = cube
+            is_updated_geometry = False
+            is_updated_transform = True
+
+        class _FakeDepsgraph:
+            updates = (_TransformUpdate(),)
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "_schedule_cap_rebuild") as mock_schedule,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox._handle_cap_tick(bpy.context.scene, _FakeDepsgraph())
+        mock_schedule.assert_called_once()
+
+    def test_geometry_update_tick_does_schedule(self):
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add()
+        cube = bpy.context.active_object
+
+        class _GeometryUpdate:
+            id = cube
+            is_updated_geometry = True
+            is_updated_transform = False
+
+        class _FakeDepsgraph:
+            updates = (_GeometryUpdate(),)
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "_schedule_cap_rebuild") as mock_schedule,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox._handle_cap_tick(bpy.context.scene, _FakeDepsgraph())
+        mock_schedule.assert_called_once()
+
+    def test_edit_mode_skips_scheduling(self):
+        # In any EDIT_* mode the depsgraph fires per vert/edge nudge;
+        # the cap view isn't the focus and would flash off on every
+        # tick. The entry-point gate must short-circuit before the
+        # debounce scheduler runs.
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_in_edit_mode", return_value=True),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "_handle_cap_tick") as mock_handle,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update_caps(bpy.context.scene, None)
+        mock_handle.assert_not_called()
+
+
+class TestClipBbReArmTriggers(NewFile):
+    """The C-side clip_bb captured by view3d.clip_border for edit-mode
+    click-select is view-aligned and tied to the box pose at arm time,
+    so it goes stale on either a clip-box transform commit, an external
+    matrix mutation, or an IFC reload that rehydrates from pset. The
+    depsgraph handler schedules a full re-arm at those events; the
+    modal gate suppresses per-tick re-arms during a live drag.
+    """
+
+    def setup_method(self):
+        tool.ClipBox._persisted_matrices.clear()
+        tool.ClipBox._last_seen_ifc_id = 0
+        tool.ClipBox._refresh_pending = False
+
+    def teardown_method(self):
+        tool.ClipBox._persisted_matrices.clear()
+        tool.ClipBox._last_seen_ifc_id = 0
+        tool.ClipBox._refresh_pending = False
+
+    def test_matrix_change_outside_modal_re_arms(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        # Seed a stale baseline so prev_matrix != current_matrix.
+        stale = tuple(tuple(row) for row in Matrix.Translation((-99.0, 0.0, 0.0)))
+        tool.ClipBox._persisted_matrices[host.name] = stale
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "schedule_refresh") as mock_refresh,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update(bpy.context.scene, bpy.context.evaluated_depsgraph_get())
+        mock_refresh.assert_called_once()
+
+    def test_matrix_change_during_modal_skips_re_arm(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        stale = tuple(tuple(row) for row in Matrix.Translation((-99.0, 0.0, 0.0)))
+        tool.ClipBox._persisted_matrices[host.name] = stale
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=True),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "schedule_refresh") as mock_refresh,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update(bpy.context.scene, bpy.context.evaluated_depsgraph_get())
+        mock_refresh.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_first_matrix_sighting_does_not_re_arm(self):
+        # No prior persisted-matrix entry: the branch records the
+        # baseline and exits without re-arming. The add path already
+        # armed once; a per-tick re-arm on first sight would double-arm.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        host = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        tool.ClipBox._persisted_matrices.pop(host.name, None)
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "schedule_refresh") as mock_refresh,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update(bpy.context.scene, bpy.context.evaluated_depsgraph_get())
+        mock_refresh.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_ifc_reload_re_arms(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        # Force an ifc-id mismatch so the rehydrate-from-pset branch
+        # fires. The .blend carries the prior session's clip_bb forward;
+        # the picker is armed for the OLD view until this re-arms.
+        tool.ClipBox._last_seen_ifc_id = 0
+
+        with (
+            patch.object(tool.Blender, "is_transform_modal_active", return_value=False),
+            patch.object(tool.ClipBox, "schedule_refresh") as mock_refresh,
+        ):
+            tool.ClipBox.on_depsgraph_update(bpy.context.scene, bpy.context.evaluated_depsgraph_get())
+        # IFC-load triggers a re-arm. (Reading the show_caps pset entry
+        # writes scene_props.show_caps via its update callback, which
+        # is a separate pre-existing re-arm path; the test pins the
+        # invariant "ifc-load arms at least once".)
+        assert mock_refresh.call_count >= 1

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/clip_box/test_clip_only_ifc_products.py

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Pins the ``clip_only_ifc_products`` toggle contract.
+
+The toggle gates the cap-eligibility filter (IFC-only vs. all visible meshes)
+and lives only on the Blender Scene PG — the project pset must never carry it.
+"""
+
+import math
+
+import bpy
+import ifcopenshell
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from test.bim.bootstrap import NewFile
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.clip_box
+
+
+def _make_ifc_wall(ifc, location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)):
+    bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2.0, location=location)
+    obj = bpy.context.active_object
+    entity = ifc.create_entity("IfcWall")
+    tool.Ifc.link(entity, obj)
+    return entity, obj
+
+
+def _make_blender_cube(location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)):
+    bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2.0, location=location)
+    return bpy.context.active_object
+
+
+class TestDefaultIsTrue(NewFile):
+    def test_clip_only_ifc_products_defaults_to_true(self):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert scene_props.clip_only_ifc_products is True
+
+
+class TestCapEligibilityHonorsToggle(NewFile):
+    def test_only_ifc_true_excludes_non_ifc_mesh(self):
+        ifc = ifcopenshell.file()
+        tool.Ifc.set(ifc)
+        _, wall = _make_ifc_wall(ifc, location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        cube = _make_blender_cube(location=(4.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.clip_only_ifc_products = True
+
+        eligible = set(tool.ClipBox._iter_capable_objects(bpy.context.scene))
+
+        assert wall in eligible
+        assert cube not in eligible
+
+    def test_only_ifc_false_includes_non_ifc_mesh(self):
+        ifc = ifcopenshell.file()
+        tool.Ifc.set(ifc)
+        _, wall = _make_ifc_wall(ifc, location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        cube = _make_blender_cube(location=(4.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.clip_only_ifc_products = False
+
+        eligible = set(tool.ClipBox._iter_capable_objects(bpy.context.scene))
+
+        assert wall in eligible
+        assert cube in eligible
+
+    def test_only_ifc_false_works_without_ifc_file_loaded(self):
+        # No IFC at all; eligibility should still yield Blender meshes when
+        # the IFC-only filter is off, since there's nothing to filter against.
+        cube = _make_blender_cube(location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.clip_only_ifc_products = False
+
+        eligible = set(tool.ClipBox._iter_capable_objects(bpy.context.scene))
+
+        assert cube in eligible
+
+
+class TestShowCapsTriggersRebuild(NewFile):
+    def test_show_caps_off_then_on_schedules_cap_rebuild(self):
+        # Off → On must schedule a rebuild — without this, caps stay empty
+        # until the user nudges geometry to fire the next depsgraph tick.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.show_caps = False
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is None
+
+        scene_props.show_caps = True
+
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is not None
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+
+
+class TestRebuildCapsNow(NewFile):
+    def test_rebuild_caps_now_cancels_any_pending_debounce(self):
+        # Synchronous path must wipe the debounced timer — otherwise the
+        # rebuild fires twice when the gizmo unlock interleaves with a
+        # depsgraph tick.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        tool.ClipBox._schedule_cap_rebuild()
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is not None
+
+        tool.ClipBox.rebuild_caps_now()
+
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is None
+
+
+class TestActiveClipBoxIndexRebuildsCaps(NewFile):
+    def test_index_change_schedules_cap_rebuild(self):
+        # UI-list click changes active_clip_box_index — the cap cache
+        # belongs to the previous box's clip volume, so a rebuild must
+        # be scheduled so the overlay matches the newly-active box.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is None
+
+        scene_props.active_clip_box_index = 0
+
+        assert tool.ClipBox._pending_cap_rebuild is not None
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+
+
+def _exec_align_view(axis: int, is_max: bool):
+    """Run ``bim.align_view_to_clip_face`` against the first VIEW_3D area
+    and return its ``rv3d``. Skips if no viewport is available in the
+    test session."""
+    for area in bpy.context.window.screen.areas:
+        if area.type != "VIEW_3D":
+            continue
+        region = next((r for r in area.regions if r.type == "WINDOW"), None)
+        if region is None:
+            continue
+        with bpy.context.temp_override(area=area, region=region):
+            result = bpy.ops.bim.align_view_to_clip_face("EXEC_DEFAULT", axis=axis, is_max=is_max)
+            assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+            return bpy.context.space_data.region_3d
+    pytest.skip("No VIEW_3D area available")
+
+
+class TestAlignViewToClipFace(NewFile):
+    def test_align_view_sets_rv3d_rotation_to_face_normal(self):
+        # The operator must reorient the viewport so its forward axis
+        # points AGAINST the picked face's outward normal (so the user
+        # sees the face from outside).
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        clip_box = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        # Rotate the empty so the +X face's outward world normal isn't
+        # axis-aligned — proves the operator handles arbitrary rotation.
+        clip_box.matrix_world = Matrix.Rotation(math.radians(30), 4, "Z") @ clip_box.matrix_world
+
+        rv3d = _exec_align_view(axis=0, is_max=True)
+
+        outward = clip_box.matrix_world.to_3x3().col[0].normalized()
+        forward = rv3d.view_rotation @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, -1.0))
+        assert (forward - (-outward)).length < 1e-4
+
+    def test_align_view_uses_box_local_z_up_for_side_face(self):
+        # Side faces (±X, ±Y local normals) follow Blender's numpad 1 / 3
+        # convention but in the BOX'S local frame: local +Z is the
+        # screen-up axis, transformed through the empty's rotation.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        clip_box = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        clip_box.matrix_world = Matrix.Rotation(math.radians(45), 4, "Z") @ clip_box.matrix_world
+
+        rv3d = _exec_align_view(axis=0, is_max=True)
+
+        expected_up = (clip_box.matrix_world.to_quaternion() @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))).normalized()
+        up_world = rv3d.view_rotation @ Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
+        assert (
+            up_world - expected_up
+        ).length < 1e-3, (
+            f"Side-face view must have box-local +Z as up; expected {tuple(expected_up)}, got {tuple(up_world)}"
+        )
+
+    def test_align_view_keeps_box_local_z_up_for_negative_y_face(self):
+        # Clicking the -Y face used to put world +Z at the BOTTOM of the
+        # screen. With box-local convention it stays at the top.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+
+        rv3d = _exec_align_view(axis=1, is_max=False)
+
+        up_world = rv3d.view_rotation @ Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
+        assert up_world.z > 0.99, f"-Y face view must keep box-local +Z as up, got {tuple(up_world)}"
+
+    def test_align_view_respects_box_local_axes_when_box_x_rotated(self):
+        # Rotating around X moves box-local +Z away from world +Z; the
+        # up axis must follow the BOX, otherwise the box edges no longer
+        # appear horizontal/vertical when aligned to a face — the bug
+        # users hit on rotated boxes.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        clip_box = tool.ClipBox.get_active_clip_box()
+        clip_box.matrix_world = Matrix.Rotation(math.radians(30), 4, "X") @ clip_box.matrix_world
+
+        rv3d = _exec_align_view(axis=0, is_max=True)
+
+        expected_up = (clip_box.matrix_world.to_quaternion() @ Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))).normalized()
+        up_world = rv3d.view_rotation @ Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
+        assert (
+            up_world - expected_up
+        ).length < 1e-3, f"X-rotated box must use box-local Z; expected {tuple(expected_up)}, got {tuple(up_world)}"
+
+    def test_align_view_uses_box_local_y_up_for_top_face(self):
+        # Top face (local +Z outward) follows Blender's numpad-7
+        # convention applied in the box's local frame: local +Y is up.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+
+        rv3d = _exec_align_view(axis=2, is_max=True)
+
+        up_world = rv3d.view_rotation @ Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
+        assert up_world.y > 0.99, f"Top-face view must have box-local +Y as up, got {tuple(up_world)}"
+
+    def test_align_view_uses_box_local_negative_y_up_for_bottom_face(self):
+        # Bottom face (local -Z outward) follows ctrl-numpad-7: box-local
+        # -Y is up.
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+
+        rv3d = _exec_align_view(axis=2, is_max=False)
+
+        up_world = rv3d.view_rotation @ Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
+        assert up_world.y < -0.99, f"Bottom-face view must have box-local -Y as up, got {tuple(up_world)}"
+
+
+class TestNotPersistedToProjectPset(NewFile):
+    def test_pset_does_not_carry_clip_only_ifc_products(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        # Flip to a non-default value, then trigger a pset write.
+        scene_props.clip_only_ifc_products = False
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()  # writes the pset
+
+        import ifcopenshell.util.element
+
+        project = tool.Ifc.get().by_type("IfcProject")[0]
+        pset = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_psets(project).get(tool.ClipBox.PSET_NAME, {})
+
+        # Whatever the pset stores, it must not carry this scene-only toggle.
+        for key in pset:
+            assert (
+                "clip_only_ifc" not in key.lower()
+            ), f"Project pset unexpectedly carries the scene-only toggle (key {key!r})"
+
+    def test_load_from_pset_does_not_touch_clip_only_ifc_products(self):
+        # Round-trip: set the toggle on the Scene, simulate a pset load, and
+        # confirm the loader didn't overwrite the user's Scene-level choice.
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.clip_only_ifc_products = False
+
+        tool.ClipBox.load_from_project_pset()
+
+        assert scene_props.clip_only_ifc_products is False

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/clip_box/test_face_quad.py

@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Tests for the generic face-quad gizmo core.
+
+Pins the three contracts the layout helper depends on:
+
+* ``compute_face_resize`` — pure one-sided resize arithmetic.
+* ``front_facing_face_mask`` — view-aware face visibility predicate.
+* ``apply_face_quad_layout`` — front-facing faces upload the solid
+  unit quad ("solid" state); back-facing faces upload the halo strips
+  ("strips" state).
+"""
+
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+from bonsai.bim.module.clip_box import face_quad
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.clip_box
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- compute_face_resize ---
+
+
+class TestComputeFaceResize:
+    def test_outward_drag_on_max_face_grows_half_extent_and_shifts_origin(self):
+        # Pulling the +X face outward by 2.0 world units must:
+        # - grow the world half by half the cursor delta (one-sided);
+        # - shift the empty's origin so the opposite (-X) face stays put.
+        new_scale, new_loc = face_quad.compute_face_resize(
+            value=10.0 + 2.0,  # init + delta
+            init_world_half=10.0,
+            init_location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            world_axis=(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            display_size=1.0,
+        )
+        # half-extent: 10 + 2/2 = 11
+        assert new_scale == pytest.approx(11.0)
+        # origin shifts by half the realized delta (= 1.0) along +X
+        assert new_loc[0] == pytest.approx(1.0)
+        assert new_loc[1] == pytest.approx(0.0)
+        assert new_loc[2] == pytest.approx(0.0)
+
+    def test_inward_drag_clamps_at_minimum_half_extent(self):
+        # Pulling the face inward by more than the current half collapses
+        # to a tiny floor instead of going negative. The realized delta
+        # (post-clamp) drives the location shift so the opposite face
+        # stays fixed even at the clamp.
+        new_scale, new_loc = face_quad.compute_face_resize(
+            value=0.0,  # delta = -1.0
+            init_world_half=1.0,
+            init_location=(5.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            world_axis=(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            display_size=1.0,
+        )
+        assert new_scale > 0.0
+        assert new_scale < 1.0
+        # New origin sits between init (5.0) and -X face (which is at 4.0
+        # = init.x - init_world_half). Since the clamp limited shrinkage,
+        # the new origin is just slightly less than init.x.
+        assert 4.0 < new_loc[0] < 5.0
+
+    def test_drag_on_min_face_via_negative_world_axis_grows_outward(self):
+        # On the -X face, ``world_axis`` is (-1, 0, 0). A positive
+        # ``delta`` (outward on this face) must still grow the half
+        # extent and shift the origin in the -X direction.
+        new_scale, new_loc = face_quad.compute_face_resize(
+            value=10.0 + 2.0,
+            init_world_half=10.0,
+            init_location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            world_axis=(-1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            display_size=1.0,
+        )
+        assert new_scale == pytest.approx(11.0)
+        # Origin shifts toward -X.
+        assert new_loc[0] == pytest.approx(-1.0)
+
+    def test_display_size_scales_the_resulting_scale_axis(self):
+        # The returned scale is half_extent / display_size — so a
+        # display_size of 2.0 halves the scale relative to display_size
+        # of 1.0 for the same world half-extent.
+        new_scale_1, _ = face_quad.compute_face_resize(
+            value=10.0,
+            init_world_half=10.0,
+            init_location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            world_axis=(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            display_size=1.0,
+        )
+        new_scale_2, _ = face_quad.compute_face_resize(
+            value=10.0,
+            init_world_half=10.0,
+            init_location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            world_axis=(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            display_size=2.0,
+        )
+        assert new_scale_1 == pytest.approx(10.0)
+        assert new_scale_2 == pytest.approx(5.0)
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- front_facing_face_mask ---
+
+
+class TestFrontFacingFaceMask:
+    def test_view_along_neg_z_lights_up_only_pos_z_face(self):
+        # Camera looking down -Z (typical default front view): only the
+        # +Z face (last entry) faces the camera.
+        normals = (
+            (-1.0, 0.0, 0.0),  # -X face
+            (1.0, 0.0, 0.0),  # +X face
+            (0.0, -1.0, 0.0),  # -Y face
+            (0.0, 1.0, 0.0),  # +Y face
+            (0.0, 0.0, -1.0),  # -Z face
+            (0.0, 0.0, 1.0),  # +Z face
+        )
+        view_dir = (0.0, 0.0, -1.0)
+
+        mask = face_quad.front_facing_face_mask(normals, view_dir)
+
+        assert mask == (False, False, False, False, False, True)
+
+    def test_view_along_pos_x_lights_up_neg_x_face(self):
+        # Camera looking along +X (front of the -X face).
+        normals = (
+            (-1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            (1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            (0.0, -1.0, 0.0),
+            (0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+            (0.0, 0.0, -1.0),
+            (0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+        )
+        view_dir = (1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+
+        mask = face_quad.front_facing_face_mask(normals, view_dir)
+
+        assert mask == (True, False, False, False, False, False)
+
+    def test_wrong_length_raises(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="expected 6 face normals"):
+            face_quad.front_facing_face_mask([(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), (-1.0, 0.0, 0.0)], (0.0, 0.0, -1.0))
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------- apply_face_quad_layout (front/back) ---
+
+
+class _FakeQuad:
+    """Stand-in for ``BIM_GT_box_face_quad`` — only the slots the layout helper writes."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.matrix_basis = Matrix.Identity(4)
+        self.axis = Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+        self.hide = False
+        self.select_bias = 0.0
+        self.is_highlight = False
+        self.custom_shape = None
+        self.custom_shape_select = None
+        self._last_geometry_state = None
+        self._strips_cache_key = None
+
+    def new_custom_shape(self, kind, verts):
+        # Layout helper only stores the result; nothing further is asked of it.
+        return (kind, tuple(tuple(v) for v in verts))
+
+
+class _FakeOutline:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.matrix_basis = Matrix.Identity(4)
+        self.alpha = 0.0
+        self.alpha_highlight = 0.0
+
+
+class _FakeRV3D:
+    def __init__(self, view_rotation, view_matrix):
+        self.view_rotation = view_rotation
+        self.view_matrix = view_matrix
+        # Blender's location_3d_to_region_2d reads perspective_matrix to
+        # project world points; a simple ortho-projection matrix is enough
+        # for the layout helper's halo-strip pixel measurement.
+        self.perspective_matrix = view_matrix
+        self.is_perspective = False
+
+
+class _FakeRegion:
+    width = 800
+    height = 600
+
+
+def _run_layout(view_dir: Vector) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Apply the layout helper for a unit cube at the origin with a
+    given world-space view direction; return each route's
+    ``_last_geometry_state`` in :data:`FACE_ROUTES` order."""
+    quads = [_FakeQuad() for _ in range(6)]
+    outlines = [_FakeOutline() for _ in range(6)]
+    # view_rotation is the quaternion that rotates the camera's local
+    # forward (-Z) onto the desired world view direction.
+    view_rotation = Vector((0.0, 0.0, -1.0)).rotation_difference(view_dir.normalized())
+    rv3d = _FakeRV3D(view_rotation, Matrix.Identity(4))
+    face_quad.apply_face_quad_layout(
+        quad_gizmos=quads,
+        outline_gizmos=outlines,
+        bmin=Vector((-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)),
+        bmax=Vector((1.0, 1.0, 1.0)),
+        matrix_world=Matrix.Identity(4),
+        cage_rotation=Matrix.Identity(4),
+        region=_FakeRegion(),
+        rv3d=rv3d,
+        locked=False,
+    )
+    return tuple(getattr(q, "_last_geometry_state", None) for q in quads)
+
+
+class TestApplyFaceQuadLayout:
+    def test_oblique_view_yields_solid_fronts_and_strips_or_empty_backs(self):
+        # Oblique view direction (1, 1, -1) hits the box from the +X, +Y,
+        # +Z octant. Faces facing toward the camera (-X, -Y, +Z) must
+        # render as "solid"; faces facing away (+X, +Y, -Z) must render
+        # as back-facing — either "strips" (when adjacent front faces
+        # give halo edges) or "empty" (when no front-facing neighbour).
+        states = _run_layout(view_dir=Vector((1.0, 1.0, -1.0)))
+
+        # FACE_ROUTES order: (-X, +X, -Y, +Y, -Z, +Z)
+        # Front-facing routes (against the view direction): -X, -Y, +Z
+        assert states[0] == "solid"  # -X
+        assert states[2] == "solid"  # -Y
+        assert states[5] == "solid"  # +Z
+        # Back-facing routes (with the view direction): +X, +Y, -Z
+        for back_idx in (1, 3, 4):
+            assert states[back_idx] in ("strips", "empty")
+
+    def test_negative_scale_host_does_not_invert_front_back_split(self):
+        # User-reported bug: when the host empty has scale=-1 on an axis,
+        # the visible +X side of the cube sits on world +X (negative-scale
+        # flips the local +X vertex onto world -X but the local -X vertex
+        # onto world +X — same set of points). The OLD layout used the
+        # signed matrix for positions while rotation-only for normals,
+        # which placed the "+X face" gizmo on world -X. After the
+        # ``_abs_scale_matrix`` fix the gizmo for the +X face must sit
+        # at world +X for an outward-X-facing view to register it as
+        # front-facing.
+        quads = [_FakeQuad() for _ in range(6)]
+        outlines = [_FakeOutline() for _ in range(6)]
+        # View toward +X: the +X face is at world +X for a standard box.
+        view_rotation = Vector((0.0, 0.0, -1.0)).rotation_difference(Vector((-1.0, 0.0, 0.0)))
+        rv3d = _FakeRV3D(view_rotation, Matrix.Identity(4))
+        # Negative X scale (mirroring the cube along world X).
+        mw = Matrix.Diagonal((-1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0))
+
+        face_quad.apply_face_quad_layout(
+            quad_gizmos=quads,
+            outline_gizmos=outlines,
+            bmin=Vector((-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)),
+            bmax=Vector((1.0, 1.0, 1.0)),
+            matrix_world=mw,
+            cage_rotation=Matrix.Identity(4),
+            region=_FakeRegion(),
+            rv3d=rv3d,
+            locked=False,
+        )
+
+        # Route 1 = (axis=0, is_max=True) = the +X face. Must be solid
+        # (front-facing) for a +X-facing view, regardless of sign-of-scale.
+        assert quads[1]._last_geometry_state == "solid"
+
+    def test_view_parallel_front_face_remains_interactive(self):
+        # Looking dead-on at +Z (view_dir = -Z): the +Z face sits
+        # antiparallel to the view direction, so it's still the
+        # front-facing face. It must render solid (clickable for both
+        # the resize drag and the CTRL+click align-view dispatch),
+        # never hidden — the older "lockout" treatment removed
+        # CTRL+click access on the very face users most want to click.
+        states = _run_layout(view_dir=Vector((0.0, 0.0, -1.0)))
+
+        assert states[5] == "solid"  # +Z face (front-facing) stays interactive.
+        # -Z face has no adjacent front-facing neighbours in this view,
+        # so its halo strip degenerates to empty — but that's the
+        # back-face path, not a deliberate lockout.
+        assert states[4] == "empty"

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/clip_box/test_include_linked_ifc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Pins the ``include_linked_ifc`` toggle contract.
+
+The toggle extends the cap pipeline to also bisect meshes living inside
+Project ▸ Links collection-instance empties — without it those meshes
+are clipped by Blender's native viewport clip but never get
+cross-section caps drawn at the cut.
+"""
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Matrix
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from test.bim.bootstrap import NewFile
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.clip_box
+
+
+def _make_synthetic_linked_collection(
+    inner_location: tuple[float, float, float] = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+    instance_location: tuple[float, float, float] = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+) -> tuple[bpy.types.Object, bpy.types.Object, bpy.types.Collection]:
+    """Build a synthetic link: a collection with one mesh + an instance empty.
+
+    Mirrors the structural shape of a real loaded link without driving
+    the multi-process .ifc.cache.blend pipeline. Returns
+    ``(instance_empty, inner_mesh, collection)`` so tests can assert
+    against the exact objects they created.
+    """
+    collection = bpy.data.collections.new("LinkedIFC")
+    bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2.0, location=inner_location)
+    inner = bpy.context.active_object
+    for c in list(inner.users_collection):
+        c.objects.unlink(inner)
+    collection.objects.link(inner)
+
+    empty = bpy.data.objects.new("LinkedIFC.001", None)
+    empty.instance_type = "COLLECTION"
+    empty.instance_collection = collection
+    bpy.context.scene.collection.objects.link(empty)
+    # matrix_world (not .location) so the test reads a fresh value without
+    # needing a depsgraph tick to propagate matrix_local → matrix_world.
+    empty.matrix_world = Matrix.Translation(instance_location)
+
+    return empty, inner, collection
+
+
+def _register_synthetic_link(empty: bpy.types.Object) -> None:
+    """Add a Project ▸ Links entry pointing at ``empty``.
+
+    No IFC is set in the bootstrap fixture, so
+    ``tool.Project.get_link_empty_handle`` resolves via the link's
+    ``empty_handle`` PointerProperty rather than the IfcStore.
+    """
+    project_props = tool.Project.get_project_props()
+    link = project_props.links.add()
+    link.name = "synthetic"
+    link.is_loaded = True
+    link.empty_handle = empty
+
+
+class TestDefaultIsOff(NewFile):
+    def test_include_linked_ifc_defaults_to_false(self):
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        assert scene_props.include_linked_ifc is False
+
+
+class TestIteratorGating(NewFile):
+    def test_iterator_returns_nothing_when_toggle_off(self):
+        empty, _inner, _col = _make_synthetic_linked_collection()
+        _register_synthetic_link(empty)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = False
+
+        yielded = list(tool.ClipBox._iter_linked_ifc_capable_meshes(bpy.context.scene))
+
+        assert yielded == []
+
+    def test_iterator_yields_inner_mesh_when_toggle_on(self):
+        empty, inner, _col = _make_synthetic_linked_collection()
+        _register_synthetic_link(empty)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = True
+
+        yielded = list(tool.ClipBox._iter_linked_ifc_capable_meshes(bpy.context.scene))
+
+        assert len(yielded) == 1
+        instance, mesh_obj, _world_matrix = yielded[0]
+        assert instance is empty
+        assert mesh_obj is inner
+
+    def test_iterator_composes_instance_and_inner_matrix(self):
+        # The inner mesh's matrix_world is library-local (cube at origin
+        # inside the collection). The instance empty is offset by 5m on X.
+        # The effective world matrix must combine the two so the cap lands
+        # in the active scene, not at the inner mesh's library origin.
+        empty, inner, _col = _make_synthetic_linked_collection(
+            inner_location=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            instance_location=(5.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+        )
+        _register_synthetic_link(empty)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = True
+
+        _instance, _mesh_obj, world_matrix = next(iter(tool.ClipBox._iter_linked_ifc_capable_meshes(bpy.context.scene)))
+
+        expected = empty.matrix_world @ inner.matrix_world
+        assert (world_matrix.translation - expected.translation).length < 1e-6
+        # And the composition picks up the empty's offset.
+        assert world_matrix.translation.x == pytest.approx(5.0)
+
+    def test_iterator_skips_links_with_no_instance_collection(self):
+        # A link whose empty_handle was created but never linked to a
+        # collection (e.g. half-initialised link) must not yield anything.
+        empty = bpy.data.objects.new("LinkedIFC.broken", None)
+        empty.instance_type = "COLLECTION"
+        bpy.context.scene.collection.objects.link(empty)
+        _register_synthetic_link(empty)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = True
+
+        yielded = list(tool.ClipBox._iter_linked_ifc_capable_meshes(bpy.context.scene))
+
+        assert yielded == []
+
+    def test_iterator_skips_unloaded_links(self):
+        empty, _inner, _col = _make_synthetic_linked_collection()
+        project_props = tool.Project.get_project_props()
+        link = project_props.links.add()
+        link.name = "unloaded"
+        link.is_loaded = False
+        link.empty_handle = empty
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = True
+
+        yielded = list(tool.ClipBox._iter_linked_ifc_capable_meshes(bpy.context.scene))
+
+        assert yielded == []
+
+
+class TestUpdateCallbackInvalidatesCache(NewFile):
+    def test_toggling_include_linked_ifc_clears_cap_cache(self):
+        # Seed the cache with a sentinel so we can detect invalidation.
+        tool.ClipBox._cap_cache["sentinel"] = (object(), None)
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = True
+
+        assert "sentinel" not in tool.ClipBox._cap_cache
+        tool.ClipBox._cancel_pending_cap_rebuild()
+
+
+class TestRebuildCachesLinkedMesh(NewFile):
+    def test_rebuild_adds_link_prefixed_entry_when_toggle_on(self):
+        # The default clip box spawns a 20m cube around the cursor, so a
+        # 2m cube at the origin sits fully inside both the box and the
+        # instance's translation — guaranteeing the AABB-vs-planes check
+        # passes and a (cache_key, batch) entry lands in _cap_cache.
+        empty, _inner, _col = _make_synthetic_linked_collection()
+        _register_synthetic_link(empty)
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = True
+
+        tool.ClipBox.rebuild_caps_now()
+
+        link_keys = [name for name in tool.ClipBox._cap_cache if name.startswith("link:")]
+        assert link_keys, f"expected a link: cache entry, got {list(tool.ClipBox._cap_cache)}"
+
+    def test_rebuild_drops_link_entry_when_toggle_off(self):
+        empty, _inner, _col = _make_synthetic_linked_collection()
+        _register_synthetic_link(empty)
+        bpy.ops.bim.add_clip_box()
+        scene_props = tool.ClipBox.get_scene_props()
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = True
+        tool.ClipBox.rebuild_caps_now()
+        assert any(name.startswith("link:") for name in tool.ClipBox._cap_cache)
+
+        scene_props.include_linked_ifc = False
+        tool.ClipBox.rebuild_caps_now()
+
+        assert not any(name.startswith("link:") for name in tool.ClipBox._cap_cache)

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/clip_box/test_source_kind_forward_compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Forward-compat guards for the source-based clip-box wiring.
+
+Adding a new source kind requires matching entries across four sites — the
+label dict, the dispatch table, a callback in ``data.py``, and the menu entry.
+Missing one path silently degrades the dialog to "No options" with no error.
+These tests pin the four-way integrity.
+"""
+
+import pytest
+
+from bonsai.bim.module.clip_box import data, operator, ui
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.clip_box
+
+
+def test_every_label_has_a_dispatch_entry():
+    missing = set(operator.SOURCE_KIND_LABELS) - set(operator._SOURCE_ID_DISPATCH)
+    assert not missing, f"Kinds missing from dispatch: {sorted(missing)}"
+
+
+def test_every_dispatch_value_is_callable():
+    for kind, fn in operator._SOURCE_ID_DISPATCH.items():
+        assert callable(fn), f"Dispatch entry for {kind} is not callable"
+
+
+def test_every_dispatch_target_lives_in_data_module():
+    # Each callback must be a real attribute of the data module; protects
+    # against typos in the dispatch table that would otherwise only surface
+    # at the first dialog open.
+    for kind, fn in operator._SOURCE_ID_DISPATCH.items():
+        assert (
+            getattr(data, fn.__name__, None) is fn
+        ), f"Dispatch target for {kind} ({fn.__name__}) is not exported from data.py"
+
+
+def test_every_menu_entry_is_a_known_kind():
+    for kind, label, icon in ui._SOURCE_MENU_ENTRIES:
+        assert kind in operator.SOURCE_KIND_LABELS, f"Menu kind {kind!r} (label={label!r}) is not in SOURCE_KIND_LABELS"
+
+
+def test_every_label_has_a_menu_entry():
+    menu_kinds = {kind for kind, _label, _icon in ui._SOURCE_MENU_ENTRIES}
+    missing = set(operator.SOURCE_KIND_LABELS) - menu_kinds
+    assert not missing, f"Kinds missing from menu: {sorted(missing)}"
+
+
+def test_status_values_match_between_tool_and_data():
+    # The status picker labels in data.STATUS_LABELS and the tool-layer
+    # validation list must agree — the dispatcher rejects any status value
+    # missing from the latter.
+    from bonsai.tool.clip_box import SOURCE_STATUS_VALUES
+
+    data_values = tuple(value for value, _label in data.STATUS_LABELS)
+    assert data_values == SOURCE_STATUS_VALUES

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/drawing/test_gizmos.py

@@ -24,7 +24,11 @@ from types import SimpleNamespace
 import bpy
 import pytest
 
-from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import DimensionGizmoConfig
+from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import (
+    BaseParametricGizmoGroup,
+    BaseSchematicGizmoGroup,
+    DimensionGizmoConfig,
+)
 
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.drawing
 
@@ -52,3 +56,19 @@ def test_text_formatter_receives_props_and_value():
     config = DimensionGizmoConfig(attr_name="length", axis=(1, 0, 0), text_formatter=formatter)
     props = SimpleNamespace(label="L")
     assert config.text_formatter(props, 3.14) == "L=3.14"
+
+
+def test_parametric_base_enables_dimension_snap_by_default():
+    """In-place parametric gizmos align to real-world geometry, so dragging
+    must respect the global snap toggle (Ctrl-flip during drag) — same
+    contract every door / window / wall / stair / roof / mep dimension
+    has shipped with."""
+    assert BaseParametricGizmoGroup.snap_enabled_on_dimensions is True
+
+
+def test_schematic_base_disables_dimension_snap():
+    """Schematic dimensions float in viewport space; snapping the dragged
+    tip to scene vertices would produce spurious value jumps as the
+    mouse crosses unrelated geometry. The opt-out lives on the base so
+    every schematic subclass inherits it without per-class wiring."""
+    assert BaseSchematicGizmoGroup.snap_enabled_on_dimensions is False

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/geometry/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2021 Dion Moult <dion@thinkmoult.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/geometry/test_shape_aspects_forward_compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Forward-compat AST contract: ``HasShapeAspects`` is an IFC4+ inverse;
+direct attribute access raises ``AttributeError`` on pre-IFC4 entity
+instances. Production code must read it through ``getattr`` so the
+absence in earlier schemas degrades to an empty iterable."""
+
+import ast
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.geometry
+
+
+BONSAI_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent.parent.parent / "bonsai"
+PRODUCTION_DIRS = (BONSAI_ROOT / "bim", BONSAI_ROOT / "tool", BONSAI_ROOT / "core")
+
+ATTR_NAME = "HasShapeAspects"
+
+
+def _iter_production_sources():
+    for root in PRODUCTION_DIRS:
+        yield from root.rglob("*.py")
+
+
+def test_has_shape_aspects_access_uses_getattr_guard():
+    """Every read of ``HasShapeAspects`` in production code must go through
+    ``getattr(<expr>, "HasShapeAspects", <default>)`` so files using
+    schemas that omit the inverse return the default instead of raising."""
+    offenders = []
+    for source in _iter_production_sources():
+        tree = ast.parse(source.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        for node in ast.walk(tree):
+            if isinstance(node, ast.Attribute) and node.attr == ATTR_NAME:
+                offenders.append(f"{source.relative_to(BONSAI_ROOT.parent)}:{node.lineno}")
+    if offenders:
+        joined = "\n  ".join(sorted(offenders))
+        pytest.fail(
+            f"Direct .{ATTR_NAME} attribute access in production code:\n  {joined}\n"
+            f"Wrap with getattr(<expr>, '{ATTR_NAME}', ()) so pre-IFC4 schemas "
+            f"do not raise AttributeError."
+        )

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/conftest.py

@@ -54,15 +54,31 @@ module if the helper count grows past ~6 or any helper picks up its own
 non-trivial dependencies."""
 
 import contextlib
+import types
 from types import SimpleNamespace
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
 
+import bpy
 import ifcopenshell
 import pytest
 
 from bonsai import tool
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _require_real_bpy():
+    """Skip every test in this directory when ``bpy`` is mocked or absent.
+
+    The model gizmo / decorator suite reaches into Blender's RNA layer
+    (``bpy.types.Operator``, registered ``bl_idname`` lookups, ``Modifier``
+    predicates) that ``Mock`` cannot impersonate, so a tool-lane run with a
+    stubbed ``bpy`` would error rather than meaningfully exercise the
+    contract. The autouse scope means new test files added under this
+    directory inherit the gate without re-declaring it."""
+    if not isinstance(bpy, types.ModuleType) or hasattr(bpy, "_mock_name"):
+        pytest.skip("requires real Blender (bpy is mocked or absent)")
+
+
 def make_obj(*, session_uid=None, selected=True, **attrs):
     """Mock a ``bpy.types.Object`` with attributes commonly read by gizmos.
 

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_connected_network_path_decorator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Pin the template-method contract for the connected-network-path decorator
+base. The base class defines three abstract hooks (`_is_seed_element`,
+`_walk`, `_build_geometry`) and an `__init_subclass__` that rejects any
+subclass which leaves a hook un-overridden. Without this guard, a forgotten
+override would only surface as `NotImplementedError` on the first redraw
+that hit the missing hook — long after the class declaration."""
+
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+_GOOD_HOOKS = {
+    "_is_seed_element": lambda self, element: False,
+    "_walk": lambda self, start_element: [],
+    "_build_geometry": lambda self, connected: ([], [], []),
+}
+
+
+def _build_subclass(name, omit=()):
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import _ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator
+
+    namespace = {name: fn for name, fn in _GOOD_HOOKS.items() if name not in omit}
+    return type(name, (_ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator,), namespace)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("missing_hook", sorted(_GOOD_HOOKS))
+def test_subclass_missing_any_single_hook_raises(missing_hook):
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="must override abstract hook"):
+        _build_subclass(f"DecoratorMissing_{missing_hook}", omit=(missing_hook,))
+
+
+def test_subclass_missing_all_hooks_raises_naming_each():
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as excinfo:
+        _build_subclass("DecoratorMissingEverything", omit=tuple(_GOOD_HOOKS))
+    message = str(excinfo.value)
+    for hook in _GOOD_HOOKS:
+        assert hook in message, f"missing-hook error must name {hook!r}"
+
+
+def test_fully_overridden_subclass_is_accepted():
+    cls = _build_subclass("DecoratorWithAllHooks")
+    assert cls.__name__ == "DecoratorWithAllHooks"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Cache invalidation — the load-bearing crash guard.
+#
+# Without geom-generation gating, the walk cache holds entity_instance
+# references that outlive their backing IFC entities after an
+# ifcopenshell.api mutation. The next _build_geometry pass calls .is_a
+# on a freed SWIG handle and segfaults Blender. The gate must fire
+# whenever tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation bumps — which is on
+# every tool.Ifc.Operator commit (via refresh_post_commit), covering
+# every disconnect path.
+
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+
+def _seed_cache(decorator, *, start_guid, ifc_file, geom_gen, walk_ids):
+    decorator._cached_start_guid = start_guid
+    decorator._cached_ifc_file = ifc_file
+    decorator._cached_geom_gen = geom_gen
+    decorator._cached_walk_ids = list(walk_ids)
+
+
+def test_walk_cache_reuses_when_seed_file_and_geom_gen_unchanged():
+    """Cache hit: same seed, same ifc_file, same geom_gen → reuse the
+    stored walk. Steady-state path while the IFC is idle."""
+    cls = _build_subclass("DecoratorCacheReuse")
+    dec = cls()
+
+    ifc_file = SimpleNamespace()
+    _seed_cache(dec, start_guid="GUID", ifc_file=ifc_file, geom_gen=5, walk_ids=[101, 102])
+
+    current_geom_gen = 5
+    start_guid = "GUID"
+    hit = (
+        start_guid == dec._cached_start_guid
+        and ifc_file is dec._cached_ifc_file
+        and current_geom_gen == dec._cached_geom_gen
+        and dec._cached_walk_ids
+    )
+    assert hit, "Cache must hit when seed, file, and geom_gen are unchanged"
+
+
+def test_walk_cache_invalidates_on_geom_generation_bump():
+    """Cache must miss when geom_gen bumps so entities removed by an
+    ``ifcopenshell.api`` mutation never survive in the cached walk
+    list into the next draw pass."""
+    cls = _build_subclass("DecoratorCacheGenInvalidates")
+    dec = cls()
+
+    ifc_file = SimpleNamespace()
+    _seed_cache(dec, start_guid="GUID", ifc_file=ifc_file, geom_gen=5, walk_ids=[101])
+
+    current_geom_gen = 6  # IFC mutation has bumped the counter
+    start_guid = "GUID"
+    hit = (
+        start_guid == dec._cached_start_guid
+        and ifc_file is dec._cached_ifc_file
+        and current_geom_gen == dec._cached_geom_gen
+        and dec._cached_walk_ids
+    )
+    assert not hit, "Cache must miss when geom_gen bumps so the walk re-runs against live entities"
+
+
+def test_walk_cache_invalidates_on_seed_change():
+    """Selecting a different network seed forces a re-walk even if
+    geom_gen is unchanged."""
+    cls = _build_subclass("DecoratorCacheSeedChange")
+    dec = cls()
+
+    ifc_file = SimpleNamespace()
+    _seed_cache(dec, start_guid="OLD-GUID", ifc_file=ifc_file, geom_gen=5, walk_ids=[101])
+
+    hit = (
+        "NEW-GUID" == dec._cached_start_guid
+        and ifc_file is dec._cached_ifc_file
+        and 5 == dec._cached_geom_gen
+        and dec._cached_walk_ids
+    )
+    assert not hit
+
+
+def test_walk_cache_invalidates_on_ifc_file_swap():
+    """Loading a different IFC file must invalidate even if the new
+    seed happens to share the GUID (different IfcOpenShell file
+    objects → different identity)."""
+    cls = _build_subclass("DecoratorCacheFileSwap")
+    dec = cls()
+
+    old_file = SimpleNamespace()
+    new_file = SimpleNamespace()
+    _seed_cache(dec, start_guid="GUID", ifc_file=old_file, geom_gen=5, walk_ids=[101])
+
+    hit = (
+        "GUID" == dec._cached_start_guid
+        and new_file is dec._cached_ifc_file
+        and 5 == dec._cached_geom_gen
+        and dec._cached_walk_ids
+    )
+    assert not hit
+
+
+def test_walk_cache_stores_ids_not_entity_references():
+    """Structural safety: the cache stores STEP integer ids, not raw
+    ``entity_instance`` references — re-resolved via ``ifc_file.by_id``
+    on each cache hit. Eliminates the dangling-SWIG-handle class entirely:
+    even if geom_gen mistakenly fails to bump, a deleted entity's id won't
+    resolve, the cache-hit branch returns ``None``, and the next draw
+    re-walks against live entities."""
+    cls = _build_subclass("DecoratorCacheStoresIds")
+    dec = cls()
+    _seed_cache(dec, start_guid="GUID", ifc_file=SimpleNamespace(), geom_gen=5, walk_ids=[42])
+    assert dec._cached_walk_ids == [42]
+    assert all(isinstance(eid, int) for eid in dec._cached_walk_ids)
+
+
+def test_geom_cache_key_includes_geom_generation():
+    """``TokenCache.get_or_compute`` keys that include geom_gen flush
+    the cached world-space geometry on IFC mutations the depsgraph
+    token doesn't observe — without that key component, a re-walk
+    would feed a fresh list to the lambda while the cache still
+    returned the prior result."""
+    import bonsai.bim.decorator_cache as decorator_cache
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import MEPSystemPathDecorator
+
+    decorator_cache.reset_for_test()
+    dec = MEPSystemPathDecorator()
+
+    builds: list[int] = []
+
+    def _build():
+        builds.append(1)
+        return ([], [], [])
+
+    ifc_file = SimpleNamespace()
+    dec._geom_cache.get_or_compute(("GUID", id(ifc_file), 1), _build)
+    dec._geom_cache.get_or_compute(("GUID", id(ifc_file), 1), _build)
+    assert len(builds) == 1, "Same key (same gen) should reuse the cached value"
+
+    dec._geom_cache.get_or_compute(("GUID", id(ifc_file), 2), _build)
+    assert len(builds) == 2, "Bumping geom_gen in the key must invalidate the cached value"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Pure-geometry classifier contract.
+#
+# Pins the free/connection split that drives the dot colors. The classifier
+# is plain Python (no bpy / no ifcopenshell), so it runs unconditionally —
+# the autouse Blender skip in conftest still applies but doesn't bite here.
+
+_EPS = 1e-5  # well under CONNECTION_EPS_SQ's sqrt (1e-4)
+
+
+def _cls():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import _ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator
+
+    return _ConnectedNetworkPathDecorator
+
+
+def test_classifier_empty_input_returns_two_empty_lists():
+    free, conn = _cls()._partition_points_by_coincidence([])
+    assert free == []
+    assert conn == []
+
+
+def test_classifier_single_point_is_free():
+    p = (1.0, 2.0, 3.0)
+    free, conn = _cls()._partition_points_by_coincidence([p])
+    assert free == [p]
+    assert conn == []
+
+
+def test_classifier_coincident_pair_dedupes_to_one_connection():
+    p = (1.0, 2.0, 3.0)
+    near = (1.0 + _EPS, 2.0, 3.0)
+    free, conn = _cls()._partition_points_by_coincidence([p, near])
+    assert free == []
+    assert len(conn) == 1
+
+
+def test_classifier_far_points_stay_free():
+    p1 = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+    p2 = (10.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+    free, conn = _cls()._partition_points_by_coincidence([p1, p2])
+    assert sorted(free) == sorted([p1, p2])
+    assert conn == []
+
+
+def test_classifier_t_junction_point_on_segment_interior_is_connection():
+    a1, a2 = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0)  # wall A endpoints (own segment)
+    b1, b2 = (2.5, -2.0, 0.0), (2.5, 0.0, 0.0)  # wall B: T-meets A's midpoint
+    points = [a1, a2, b1, b2]
+    lines = [(a1, a2), (b1, b2)]
+    free, conn = _cls()._partition_points_by_coincidence(points, lines)
+    assert b2 in conn, "T-junction interior touch must be flagged as a connection"
+    assert a1 in free and a2 in free, "wall A free endpoints must stay free"
+    assert b1 in free, "wall B's far endpoint must stay free"
+
+
+def test_classifier_endpoint_of_own_segment_is_not_a_t_junction():
+    """A free endpoint sits exactly on its own segment's tip; the interior
+    check must exclude segment endpoints, not just the line interior."""
+    a1, a2 = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+    free, conn = _cls()._partition_points_by_coincidence([a1, a2], [(a1, a2)])
+    assert conn == [], "own-segment endpoints must not self-classify as connection"
+    assert sorted(free) == sorted([a1, a2])
+
+
+def test_classifier_zero_length_segment_does_not_match():
+    """A segment whose two endpoints coincide has no interior; the interior
+    check must skip it rather than divide by a near-zero seg_len_sq."""
+    a = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+    p_far = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
+    free, conn = _cls()._partition_points_by_coincidence([p_far], [(a, a)])
+    assert free == [p_far]
+    assert conn == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Wall topology classifier — IFC-rel-driven endpoint classification.
+#
+# Pins the rule "an endpoint is a connection iff an IfcRelConnectsPathElements
+# rel says so", independent of geometric coincidence. Replaces the geometric
+# classifier on the wall path because authoring tolerance routinely exceeds
+# the 0.1 mm epsilon, leaving T-junction dots mis-coloured.
+
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+
+def _stub_wall(wid, connected_to=(), connected_from=()):
+    e = Mock()
+    e.id.return_value = wid
+    e.is_a = lambda kind: kind == "IfcWall"
+    e.ConnectedTo = list(connected_to)
+    e.ConnectedFrom = list(connected_from)
+    return e
+
+
+def _stub_rel(relating, related, relating_type, related_type):
+    r = Mock()
+    r.is_a = lambda kind: kind == "IfcRelConnectsPathElements"
+    r.RelatingElement = relating
+    r.RelatedElement = related
+    r.RelatingConnectionType = relating_type
+    r.RelatedConnectionType = related_type
+    return r
+
+
+def _wall_cls():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import WallSystemPathDecorator
+
+    return WallSystemPathDecorator
+
+
+def test_wall_topology_single_wall_no_rels_both_endpoints_free():
+    a = _stub_wall(1)
+    refs = {1: ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0))}
+    free, conn = _wall_cls()._classify_endpoints_from_rels([a], refs)
+    assert sorted(free) == sorted([(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0)])
+    assert conn == []
+
+
+def test_wall_topology_l_corner_atend_to_atstart_flags_both_endpoints():
+    """Two walls meeting at a corner: A's ATEND joins B's ATSTART. Each wall's
+    join-side endpoint flips to connection; the far endpoints stay free."""
+    a = _stub_wall(1)
+    b = _stub_wall(2)
+    rel = _stub_rel(relating=a, related=b, relating_type="ATEND", related_type="ATSTART")
+    a.ConnectedTo = [rel]
+    b.ConnectedFrom = [rel]
+    refs = {
+        1: ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
+        2: ((5.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 5.0, 0.0)),
+    }
+    free, conn = _wall_cls()._classify_endpoints_from_rels([a, b], refs)
+    assert (5.0, 0.0, 0.0) in conn, "A's ATEND endpoint at the corner must be connection"
+    assert (5.0, 0.0, 0.0) in conn, "B's ATSTART endpoint at the corner must be connection"
+    assert (0.0, 0.0, 0.0) in free, "A's far end must stay free"
+    assert (5.0, 5.0, 0.0) in free, "B's far end must stay free"
+
+
+def test_wall_topology_t_junction_atpath_emits_canonical_join_dot():
+    """B's ATEND meets A's interior (ATPATH). A's two endpoints stay free,
+    B's ATSTART stays free, B's ATEND is connection, and an extra connection
+    dot is emitted at the T-meets point computed by
+    ``tool.Wall.path_connection_location_world``."""
+    a = _stub_wall(1)
+    b = _stub_wall(2)
+    rel = _stub_rel(relating=b, related=a, relating_type="ATEND", related_type="ATPATH")
+    a.ConnectedFrom = [rel]
+    b.ConnectedTo = [rel]
+    refs = {
+        1: ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
+        2: ((2.5, -2.0, 0.0), (2.5, 0.0, 0.0)),
+    }
+    t_meets = (2.5, 0.0, 0.0)
+    with patch("bonsai.tool.Wall.path_connection_location_world", return_value=t_meets):
+        free, conn = _wall_cls()._classify_endpoints_from_rels([a, b], refs)
+    assert t_meets in conn, "T-meets canonical join must be a connection dot"
+    assert (2.5, 0.0, 0.0) in conn, "B's ATEND at the junction must also be a connection"
+    assert (0.0, 0.0, 0.0) in free and (5.0, 0.0, 0.0) in free, "A's endpoints stay free"
+    assert (2.5, -2.0, 0.0) in free, "B's ATSTART (far end) stays free"
+
+
+def test_wall_topology_rel_to_wall_outside_walked_set_is_ignored():
+    """A rel pointing at a wall whose id is not in ``refs`` must not classify
+    the participating endpoint as connection — only intra-set joins count."""
+    a = _stub_wall(1)
+    outside = _stub_wall(99)
+    rel = _stub_rel(relating=a, related=outside, relating_type="ATEND", related_type="ATSTART")
+    a.ConnectedTo = [rel]
+    refs = {1: ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0))}
+    free, conn = _wall_cls()._classify_endpoints_from_rels([a], refs)
+    assert sorted(free) == sorted([(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0)])
+    assert conn == []
+
+
+def test_wall_topology_non_path_rels_are_ignored():
+    """``ConnectedTo`` can carry ``IfcRelConnectsElements`` (slab clip rels);
+    only ``IfcRelConnectsPathElements`` contribute to wall endpoint topology."""
+    a = _stub_wall(1)
+    non_path_rel = Mock()
+    non_path_rel.is_a = lambda kind: kind == "IfcRelConnectsElements"
+    a.ConnectedTo = [non_path_rel]
+    refs = {1: ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0))}
+    free, conn = _wall_cls()._classify_endpoints_from_rels([a], refs)
+    assert sorted(free) == sorted([(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), (5.0, 0.0, 0.0)])
+    assert conn == []
+
+
+def test_wall_topology_dedupe_collapses_overlapping_connection_dots():
+    """Two connection dots at the same world point (within eps) collapse to
+    one — used by ``_build_geometry`` to keep ATPATH joins from stacking on
+    neighbour-wall endpoints."""
+    p = (1.0, 2.0, 3.0)
+    near = (1.0 + 1e-6, 2.0, 3.0)
+    far = (10.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+    result = _wall_cls()._dedupe_close_points([p, near, far], 1e-4 * 1e-4)
+    assert len(result) == 2
+    assert p in result and far in result

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_decorator_no_mutating_triangulate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Forward-compat AST contract: decorators do not triangulate in-place.
+
+``bmesh.ops.triangulate(bm, faces=bm.faces)`` mutates its input — adding tri
+edges and faces — and uses ear-clip fan triangulation that renders as visible
+streaks across n-gon faces at the low alphas decorators favour. The canonical
+draw path is ``tool.Blender.draw_bmesh_face_tris`` (wraps ``bm.calc_loop_triangles``,
+non-mutating, beauty triangulator)."""
+
+import ast
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+BONSAI_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent / "bonsai"
+BIM_MODULE_DIR = BONSAI_ROOT / "bim" / "module"
+
+
+def _iter_guarded_files():
+    yield from sorted(BIM_MODULE_DIR.glob("*/decorator.py"))
+    yield BIM_MODULE_DIR / "model" / "opening.py"
+
+
+def _is_guarded_class(node: ast.ClassDef) -> bool:
+    return node.name.endswith("Decorator") or node.name == "DecorationsHandler"
+
+
+def _is_mutating_triangulate_call(node: ast.AST) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(node, ast.Call):
+        return False
+    func = node.func
+    if not isinstance(func, ast.Attribute) or func.attr != "triangulate":
+        return False
+    receiver = func.value
+    if not isinstance(receiver, ast.Attribute) or receiver.attr != "ops":
+        return False
+    inner = receiver.value
+    return isinstance(inner, ast.Name) and inner.id == "bmesh"
+
+
+def test_no_decorator_calls_bmesh_ops_triangulate() -> None:
+    violations: list[str] = []
+    guarded_files = list(_iter_guarded_files())
+    assert guarded_files, "Search root contains no decorator modules — test needs updating."
+
+    for path in guarded_files:
+        try:
+            tree = ast.parse(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        except (SyntaxError, FileNotFoundError):
+            continue
+        for class_node in (n for n in ast.walk(tree) if isinstance(n, ast.ClassDef)):
+            if not _is_guarded_class(class_node):
+                continue
+            for sub in ast.walk(class_node):
+                if _is_mutating_triangulate_call(sub):
+                    violations.append(f"{path}:{sub.lineno} {class_node.name} calls bmesh.ops.triangulate")
+
+    assert not violations, (
+        "Decorator classes must not call bmesh.ops.triangulate — it mutates "
+        "the input bmesh and produces fan-clip artefacts at low alpha. "
+        "Use tool.Blender.draw_bmesh_face_tris (wraps bm.calc_loop_triangles). "
+        "Violations:\n  " + "\n  ".join(violations)
+    )

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_disconnect_elements.py

@@ -0,0 +1,596 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Behaviour tests for the unified ``bim.disconnect_elements`` operator and
+``tool.Connection.find_rels`` registry.
+
+Pin the dispatch contract: rels are found in either orientation; the kind
+label drives cleanup (``path`` recreates both walls + resyncs drafts;
+``element-top`` runs ``regenerate_wall_to_underside``); missing endpoints
+report ERROR rather than crashing."""
+
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+def _rel(klass: str, *, relating=None, related=None, description=None, rel_id: int = 0):
+    rel = Mock()
+    rel.is_a = lambda c: c == klass
+    rel.RelatingElement = relating
+    rel.RelatedElement = related
+    rel.Description = description
+    rel.id = lambda: rel_id
+    return rel
+
+
+def _elem(*, connected_to=(), connected_from=()):
+    e = Mock()
+    # Default is_a to False so the MEP-pair-fitting branch of find_rels
+    # (which calls ``elem.is_a("IfcFlowSegment")``) early-outs on the
+    # generic _elem stubs used by the wall-side dispatch tests. Test
+    # cases that want is_a("IfcWall")-True explicitly override e.is_a.
+    e.is_a = lambda _c: False
+    e.ConnectedTo = list(connected_to)
+    e.ConnectedFrom = list(connected_from)
+    e.GlobalId = "GUID"
+    return e
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tool.Connection.find_rels — registry behaviour
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_find_rels_returns_path_rel_in_either_orientation():
+    """The same wall pair can carry path rels authored with either orientation;
+    find_rels must catch both."""
+    elem_a = _elem()
+    elem_b = _elem()
+    rel_ab = _rel("IfcRelConnectsPathElements", related=elem_b, rel_id=1)
+    rel_ba = _rel("IfcRelConnectsPathElements", relating=elem_b, rel_id=2)
+    elem_a.ConnectedTo = [rel_ab]
+    elem_a.ConnectedFrom = [rel_ba]
+
+    rels = tool.Connection.find_rels(elem_a, elem_b)
+
+    assert {r.id() for r, _ in rels} == {1, 2}
+    assert all(k == "path" for _, k in rels)
+
+
+def test_find_rels_classifies_top_element_rel_specifically():
+    """IfcRelConnectsElements with Description=='TOP' is the rel kind
+    extend_walls_to_underside creates. Tag it ``element-top`` so the
+    operator can dispatch the regenerate-wall-to-underside cleanup."""
+    wall = _elem()
+    slab = _elem()
+    rel = _rel("IfcRelConnectsElements", relating=slab, description="TOP", rel_id=1)
+    wall.ConnectedFrom = [rel]
+
+    rels = tool.Connection.find_rels(wall, slab)
+
+    assert rels == [(rel, "element-top")]
+
+
+def test_find_rels_classifies_non_top_element_rel_generically():
+    """Other IfcRelConnectsElements descriptions don't get the TOP-specific
+    cleanup. Tag as plain ``element`` so the operator just removes the rel."""
+    elem_a = _elem()
+    elem_b = _elem()
+    rel = _rel("IfcRelConnectsElements", relating=elem_b, description="ATTACHMENT", rel_id=1)
+    elem_a.ConnectedFrom = [rel]
+
+    rels = tool.Connection.find_rels(elem_a, elem_b)
+
+    assert rels == [(rel, "element")]
+
+
+def test_find_rels_returns_empty_when_disconnected():
+    elem_a = _elem()
+    elem_b = _elem()
+    assert tool.Connection.find_rels(elem_a, elem_b) == []
+
+
+def test_find_rels_dedups_by_id():
+    """A rel that surfaces on both ConnectedTo and ConnectedFrom (in
+    pathological IFC files) should not be returned twice."""
+    elem_a = _elem()
+    elem_b = _elem()
+    rel = _rel("IfcRelConnectsPathElements", related=elem_b, relating=elem_b, rel_id=1)
+    elem_a.ConnectedTo = [rel]
+    elem_a.ConnectedFrom = [rel]
+
+    rels = tool.Connection.find_rels(elem_a, elem_b)
+
+    assert len(rels) == 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tool.Connection.find_rels_for_element — single-element entry point
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_find_rels_for_element_returns_kind_and_partner_per_rel():
+    """Cascade-on-delete needs every rel touching one element plus the partner
+    element on the other side of each rel — that's the cleanup target."""
+    elem = _elem()
+    partner_a = _elem()
+    partner_b = _elem()
+    rel_path = _rel("IfcRelConnectsPathElements", related=partner_a, rel_id=1)
+    rel_top = _rel("IfcRelConnectsElements", relating=partner_b, description="TOP", rel_id=2)
+    elem.ConnectedTo = [rel_path]
+    elem.ConnectedFrom = [rel_top]
+
+    result = tool.Connection.find_rels_for_element(elem)
+
+    assert (rel_path, "path", partner_a) in result
+    assert (rel_top, "element-top", partner_b) in result
+    assert len(result) == 2
+
+
+def test_find_rels_for_element_dedups_by_rel_id():
+    elem = _elem()
+    partner = _elem()
+    rel = _rel("IfcRelConnectsPathElements", related=partner, relating=partner, rel_id=1)
+    elem.ConnectedTo = [rel]
+    elem.ConnectedFrom = [rel]
+
+    result = tool.Connection.find_rels_for_element(elem)
+
+    assert len(result) == 1
+
+
+def test_find_rels_for_element_skips_rels_without_partner():
+    """Defensive: a malformed rel missing the opposite-side attribute should not
+    crash — record nothing for it rather than emit a (rel, kind, None) triple
+    that would later trip a None-deref in the dispatch."""
+    elem = _elem()
+    bad = _rel("IfcRelConnectsPathElements", related=None, rel_id=1)
+    elem.ConnectedTo = [bad]
+
+    assert tool.Connection.find_rels_for_element(elem) == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tool.Connection.find_rels — MEP pair-fitting detection
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _mep(elem_id, *, klasses=("IfcFlowSegment",), predefined_type=None, ports=()):
+    """Stand-in IFC element with port mocks and ``is_a`` short-circuits."""
+    e = Mock()
+    e.id = lambda: elem_id
+    e.is_a = lambda c: c in klasses
+    e.PredefinedType = predefined_type
+    # Empty path / element rels so the find_rels prologue iterates cleanly
+    # before reaching the MEP port-walk branch.
+    e.ConnectedTo = []
+    e.ConnectedFrom = []
+    e._ports = list(ports)
+    return e
+
+
+def _port(port_id, owner, connected_to=None):
+    p = Mock()
+    p.id = lambda: port_id
+    p._owner = owner
+    p._connected_to = connected_to
+    return p
+
+
+def _patch_port_walk():
+    """Patch the port helpers ``tool.System.find_bridging_fitting`` consumes
+    so the mep-pair-fitting detection in ``find_rels`` can be exercised
+    without a real IFC fixture. Three patches: ``get_ports`` and
+    ``get_connected_port`` are ``tool.System`` classmethods that delegate
+    to ``ifcopenshell.util.system``; ``get_port_element`` is called
+    directly on ``ifcopenshell.util.system`` inside ``neighbours_at_ports``."""
+    return (
+        patch("bonsai.tool.system.System.get_ports", side_effect=lambda e: e._ports),
+        patch(
+            "bonsai.tool.system.System.get_connected_port",
+            side_effect=lambda p: p._connected_to,
+        ),
+        patch(
+            "bonsai.tool.system.ifcopenshell.util.system.get_port_element",
+            side_effect=lambda p: p._owner,
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def test_find_rels_detects_segment_segment_bridging_fitting():
+    """Two flow segments joined by a single bridging fitting must surface
+    as ``(fitting, 'mep-pair-fitting')`` — the fitting whose deletion
+    effects the disconnect."""
+    fitting = _mep(99, klasses=("IfcFlowFitting", "IfcDistributionFlowElement"), predefined_type="BEND")
+    seg_a = _mep(1)
+    seg_b = _mep(2)
+
+    a_port = _port(101, seg_a)
+    b_port = _port(102, seg_b)
+    f_port_a = _port(201, fitting, connected_to=a_port)
+    f_port_b = _port(202, fitting, connected_to=b_port)
+    a_port._connected_to = f_port_a
+    b_port._connected_to = f_port_b
+
+    seg_a._ports = [a_port]
+    seg_b._ports = [b_port]
+    fitting._ports = [f_port_a, f_port_b]
+
+    with _patch_port_walk()[0], _patch_port_walk()[1], _patch_port_walk()[2]:
+        rels = tool.Connection.find_rels(seg_a, seg_b)
+
+    assert rels == [(fitting, "mep-pair-fitting")]
+
+
+def test_find_rels_detects_segment_fitting_direct():
+    """A segment + its directly-connected fitting also surface as the
+    same kind, with the fitting itself as the deletion target."""
+    fitting = _mep(99, klasses=("IfcFlowFitting", "IfcDistributionFlowElement"), predefined_type="BEND")
+    seg = _mep(1)
+    seg_port = _port(101, seg)
+    f_port = _port(201, fitting, connected_to=seg_port)
+    seg_port._connected_to = f_port
+    seg._ports = [seg_port]
+    fitting._ports = [f_port]
+
+    with _patch_port_walk()[0], _patch_port_walk()[1], _patch_port_walk()[2]:
+        rels = tool.Connection.find_rels(seg, fitting)
+
+    assert rels == [(fitting, "mep-pair-fitting")]
+
+
+def test_find_rels_skips_obstruction_fitting():
+    """OBSTRUCTION fittings have a dedicated grow/shrink removal flow —
+    they must not surface as a disconnect target."""
+    obstruction = _mep(99, klasses=("IfcFlowFitting", "IfcDistributionFlowElement"), predefined_type="OBSTRUCTION")
+    seg_a = _mep(1)
+    seg_b = _mep(2)
+    a_port = _port(101, seg_a)
+    b_port = _port(102, seg_b)
+    o_port_a = _port(201, obstruction, connected_to=a_port)
+    o_port_b = _port(202, obstruction, connected_to=b_port)
+    a_port._connected_to = o_port_a
+    b_port._connected_to = o_port_b
+    seg_a._ports = [a_port]
+    seg_b._ports = [b_port]
+    obstruction._ports = [o_port_a, o_port_b]
+
+    with _patch_port_walk()[0], _patch_port_walk()[1], _patch_port_walk()[2]:
+        assert tool.Connection.find_rels(seg_a, seg_b) == []
+
+
+def test_find_rels_returns_empty_for_two_unrelated_mep_segments():
+    """No bridging fitting, no detection."""
+    seg_a = _mep(1)
+    seg_b = _mep(2)
+    seg_a._ports = []
+    seg_b._ports = []
+    with _patch_port_walk()[0], _patch_port_walk()[1], _patch_port_walk()[2]:
+        assert tool.Connection.find_rels(seg_a, seg_b) == []
+
+
+def test_find_rels_skips_non_mep_pair():
+    """Walls don't have ports — find_rels must early-out before walking
+    them as if they were MEP."""
+    wall_a = Mock()
+    wall_a.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcWall"
+    wall_a.ConnectedTo = []
+    wall_a.ConnectedFrom = []
+    wall_b = Mock()
+    wall_b.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcWall"
+    wall_b.ConnectedTo = []
+    wall_b.ConnectedFrom = []
+
+    assert tool.Connection.find_rels(wall_a, wall_b) == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tool.Connection.find_rel — first-match convenience
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_find_rel_returns_first_match_or_none_none():
+    elem_a = _elem()
+    elem_b = _elem()
+    rel = _rel("IfcRelConnectsPathElements", related=elem_b, rel_id=1)
+    elem_a.ConnectedTo = [rel]
+
+    assert tool.Connection.find_rel(elem_a, elem_b) == (rel, "path")
+    assert tool.Connection.find_rel(elem_a, _elem()) == (None, None)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tool.Connection.orient_element_top — wall / slab orientation recovery
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_orient_element_top_returns_wall_then_slab():
+    """The TOP rel stores slab as relating + wall as related; orient_element_top
+    figures out which input is which regardless of argument order."""
+    wall = _elem()
+    slab = _elem()
+    rel = _rel("IfcRelConnectsElements", relating=slab, related=wall, description="TOP")
+
+    assert tool.Connection.orient_element_top(rel, wall, slab) == (wall, slab)
+    assert tool.Connection.orient_element_top(rel, slab, wall) == (wall, slab)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# bim.disconnect_elements — dispatch + cleanup
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _make_op(*, a_guid="A", b_guid="B"):
+    op = Mock()
+    op.element_a_guid = a_guid
+    op.element_b_guid = b_guid
+    op.report = Mock()
+    return op
+
+
+def test_disconnect_dispatches_one_call_per_rel():
+    """Operator forwards every rel returned by find_rels to disconnect_rel,
+    in order — the operator is a thin wrapper; per-kind cleanup logic lives
+    in core.connection.disconnect_rel and is tested separately."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    elem_a = Mock()
+    elem_b = Mock()
+    rel1 = Mock()
+    rel2 = Mock()
+
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = lambda g: {"A": elem_a, "B": elem_b}[g]
+    op = _make_op()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels",
+        return_value=[(rel1, "path"), (rel2, "element-top")],
+    ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel") as dispatch, patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get_object", return_value=Mock()
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall._resync_walls_after_mutation"
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Parametric.is_fillet_corner_wall", return_value=False
+    ):
+        DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    assert dispatch.call_count == 2
+    # Both rels dispatch with elem=elem_a, partner=elem_b regardless of orientation
+    # — orient_element_top inside disconnect_rel recovers the wall/slab roles.
+    for call, expected_subject, expected_kind in zip(dispatch.call_args_list, [rel1, rel2], ["path", "element-top"]):
+        kw = call.kwargs
+        assert kw["subject"] is expected_subject
+        assert kw["kind"] == expected_kind
+        assert kw["elem"] is elem_a
+        assert kw["partner"] is elem_b
+    op.report.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_disconnect_resyncs_path_objs_once_for_path_kind():
+    """For path rels the operator collects both endpoint objects and resyncs
+    drafts once at the end — a Blender-side concern that doesn't belong in
+    the core dispatch."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    elem_a = Mock()
+    elem_b = Mock()
+    obj_a = Mock()
+    obj_b = Mock()
+    rel = Mock()
+
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = lambda g: {"A": elem_a, "B": elem_b}[g]
+    op = _make_op()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels", return_value=[(rel, "path")]
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get_object",
+        side_effect=lambda e: {elem_a: obj_a, elem_b: obj_b}[e],
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel"
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall._resync_walls_after_mutation"
+    ) as resync, patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Parametric.is_fillet_corner_wall", return_value=False
+    ):
+        DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    resync.assert_called_once_with([obj_a, obj_b])
+
+
+def test_disconnect_skips_resync_for_non_path_kind():
+    """element-top / element kinds don't need wall-draft resync — that's a
+    path-specific concern (DumbWallJoiner geometry refresh)."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    elem_a = Mock()
+    elem_b = Mock()
+    rel = Mock()
+
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = lambda g: {"A": elem_a, "B": elem_b}[g]
+    op = _make_op()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels", return_value=[(rel, "element-top")]
+    ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get_object", return_value=Mock()), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel"
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall._resync_walls_after_mutation"
+    ) as resync, patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Parametric.is_fillet_corner_wall", return_value=False
+    ):
+        DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    resync.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_disconnect_gizmo_direction_symmetry():
+    """The wall-selected gizmo dispatches with element_a=wall, element_b=slab.
+    The slab-selected gizmo dispatches with element_a=slab, element_b=wall.
+    Both routes hit disconnect_rel with the same (rel, kind) pair — orientation
+    recovery happens inside the dispatch, not at the operator layer."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    wall = Mock(name="wall")
+    slab = Mock(name="slab")
+    rel = Mock()
+
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    op = _make_op()
+
+    def _run_with_guids(a, b):
+        ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = lambda g: {a: wall if a == "WALL" else slab, b: slab if b == "SLAB" else wall}[g]
+        op.element_a_guid = a
+        op.element_b_guid = b
+        with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+            "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels", return_value=[(rel, "element-top")]
+        ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get_object", return_value=Mock()), patch(
+            "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel"
+        ) as dispatch, patch(
+            "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall._resync_walls_after_mutation"
+        ), patch(
+            "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Parametric.is_fillet_corner_wall", return_value=False
+        ):
+            DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+        return dispatch.call_args.kwargs
+
+    wall_first = _run_with_guids("WALL", "SLAB")
+    slab_first = _run_with_guids("SLAB", "WALL")
+
+    # disconnect_rel sees (rel, "element-top") in both runs; elem/partner swap
+    # by argument order but orient_element_top inside disconnect_rel resolves
+    # the wall/slab roles symmetrically.
+    assert wall_first["subject"] is rel and slab_first["subject"] is rel
+    assert wall_first["kind"] == slab_first["kind"] == "element-top"
+    assert {wall_first["elem"], wall_first["partner"]} == {wall, slab}
+    assert {slab_first["elem"], slab_first["partner"]} == {wall, slab}
+
+
+def test_disconnect_reports_on_unknown_guids():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = RuntimeError("missing")
+    op = _make_op(a_guid="MISSING_A", b_guid="MISSING_B")
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels"
+    ) as find:
+        DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    find.assert_not_called()
+    op.report.assert_called_once()
+    args, _ = op.report.call_args
+    assert args[0] == {"ERROR"}
+
+
+def test_disconnect_reports_when_no_rel_found():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    elem_a = Mock()
+    elem_b = Mock()
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = lambda g: {"A": elem_a, "B": elem_b}[g]
+    op = _make_op()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels", return_value=[]
+    ):
+        DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    op.report.assert_called_once()
+
+
+def test_disconnect_operator_is_registered():
+    from bonsai.bim.module import model
+
+    assert any(
+        getattr(cls, "bl_idname", None) == "bim.disconnect_elements" for cls in model.classes
+    ), "DisconnectElements is not in the model classes tuple"
+
+
+def test_disconnect_refuses_path_kind_when_either_side_is_fillet():
+    """The fillet corner's join with its source walls defines its identity
+    — unjoining there would tear down the chord axis reference. The
+    operator reports an INFO directing the user to delete the corner
+    wall and skips the dispatch entirely."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    fillet = Mock(name="fillet_corner")
+    wall = Mock(name="source_wall")
+    rel = Mock()
+
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = lambda g: {"A": fillet, "B": wall}[g]
+    op = _make_op()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels", return_value=[(rel, "path")]
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Parametric.is_fillet_corner_wall",
+        side_effect=lambda e: e is fillet,
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel"
+    ) as dispatch:
+        DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    dispatch.assert_not_called()
+    op.report.assert_called_once()
+    args, _ = op.report.call_args
+    assert args[0] == {"INFO"}
+
+
+def test_disconnect_allows_slab_kind_even_when_wall_is_fillet():
+    """The fillet ↔ slab underside clip is a different relationship from
+    the fillet ↔ source-wall path join. Slab disconnect must remain
+    available while the corner is in preview."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import DisconnectElements
+
+    fillet = Mock(name="fillet_corner")
+    slab = Mock(name="slab")
+    rel = Mock()
+
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_guid.side_effect = lambda g: {"A": fillet, "B": slab}[g]
+    op = _make_op()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=ifc_file), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Connection.find_rels", return_value=[(rel, "element-top")]
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Parametric.is_fillet_corner_wall",
+        side_effect=lambda e: e is fillet,
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get_object", return_value=Mock()
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel"
+    ) as dispatch, patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall._resync_walls_after_mutation"
+    ):
+        DisconnectElements._perform(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    dispatch.assert_called_once()

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_door_decorator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Contract tests for the door swing-arc readonly decorator.
+
+Two layers:
+
+- Pure tests on ``_visible_arcs`` pin the readonly decorator's arc selection
+  per ``door_type`` enum value.
+- A forward-compat guard walks ``GizmoDoorEdition.swing_arc_props`` and
+  asserts the readonly decorator picks the same arcs (hinge / width / mirror)
+  the edit-mode gizmo would, so the two surfaces stay visually identical
+  even when a new ``door_type`` is added."""
+
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from typing import get_args
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _visible_arcs — per-door-type arc selection
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _arcs(door_type, overall_width=0.9, lining_offset=0.05):
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import _visible_arcs
+
+    return _visible_arcs(door_type, overall_width, lining_offset)
+
+
+def test_single_swing_left_one_arc_hinged_at_origin():
+    arcs = _arcs("SINGLE_SWING_LEFT")
+    assert len(arcs) == 1
+    arc = arcs[0]
+    assert arc.hinge_x == pytest.approx(0.0)
+    assert arc.hinge_y == pytest.approx(0.05)
+    assert arc.panel_width == pytest.approx(0.9)
+    assert arc.x_mirror is False
+
+
+def test_single_swing_right_one_arc_hinged_at_right_edge_x_mirrored():
+    arcs = _arcs("SINGLE_SWING_RIGHT")
+    assert len(arcs) == 1
+    arc = arcs[0]
+    assert arc.hinge_x == pytest.approx(0.9)
+    assert arc.panel_width == pytest.approx(0.9)
+    assert arc.x_mirror is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("door_type", ["DOUBLE_SWING_LEFT", "DOUBLE_SWING_RIGHT"])
+def test_double_swing_shares_recipe_with_single_swing(door_type):
+    # DOUBLE_SWING_* is still a single panel (the hinge is on one side,
+    # the panel swings both ways) — visually identical to SINGLE_SWING_*.
+    single_type = door_type.replace("DOUBLE_SWING", "SINGLE_SWING")
+    assert _arcs(door_type) == _arcs(single_type)
+
+
+def test_double_door_single_swing_emits_two_half_width_arcs():
+    arcs = _arcs("DOUBLE_DOOR_SINGLE_SWING")
+    assert len(arcs) == 2
+    left, right = arcs
+    assert left.hinge_x == pytest.approx(0.0)
+    assert left.panel_width == pytest.approx(0.45)
+    assert left.x_mirror is False
+    assert right.hinge_x == pytest.approx(0.9)
+    assert right.panel_width == pytest.approx(0.45)
+    assert right.x_mirror is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("door_type", ["SLIDING_TO_LEFT", "SLIDING_TO_RIGHT", "DOUBLE_DOOR_SLIDING"])
+def test_sliding_doors_emit_no_arcs(door_type):
+    assert _arcs(door_type) == []
+
+
+def test_unknown_door_type_falls_back_to_single_left_swing_arc():
+    # Only ``"SLIDING"`` substrings short-circuit the swing predicate; any
+    # other novel ``door_type`` falls through to the default left-hinged arc.
+    arcs = _arcs("FUTURE_OPERATION_TYPE_42")
+    assert len(arcs) == 1
+    arc = arcs[0]
+    assert arc.hinge_x == pytest.approx(0.0)
+    assert arc.panel_width == pytest.approx(0.9)
+    assert arc.x_mirror is False
+
+
+def test_lining_offset_drives_hinge_y_for_every_visible_arc():
+    for door_type in ("SINGLE_SWING_LEFT", "SINGLE_SWING_RIGHT", "DOUBLE_DOOR_SINGLE_SWING"):
+        for arc in _arcs(door_type, overall_width=0.9, lining_offset=0.12):
+            assert arc.hinge_y == pytest.approx(0.12)
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Forward-compat: readonly decorator and edit-mode gizmo agree per door_type
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _gizmo_expected(door_type, overall_width, lining_offset):
+    """What ``GizmoDoorEdition.swing_arc_props`` would render for the props
+    snapshot, with ``is_editing=True`` so its visibility predicates pass."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.door import GizmoDoorEdition
+
+    props = SimpleNamespace(
+        door_type=door_type,
+        overall_width=overall_width,
+        lining_offset=lining_offset,
+        is_editing=True,
+    )
+    expected = []
+    for cfg in GizmoDoorEdition.swing_arc_props:
+        if cfg.visibility_condition(props):
+            expected.append(
+                (
+                    cfg.hinge_x(props),
+                    cfg.hinge_y(props),
+                    cfg.panel_width(props),
+                    cfg.x_mirror(props),
+                )
+            )
+    return expected
+
+
+def test_visible_arcs_matches_gizmo_swing_arc_props_for_every_door_type():
+    import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+    overall_width, lining_offset = 0.9, 0.05
+    for door_type in get_args(tool.Model.DoorType):
+        expected = _gizmo_expected(door_type, overall_width, lining_offset)
+        actual = _arcs(door_type, overall_width, lining_offset)
+        actual_tuples = [(a.hinge_x, a.hinge_y, a.panel_width, a.x_mirror) for a in actual]
+        assert actual_tuples == expected, (
+            f"Readonly decorator drifted from edit-mode gizmo for {door_type!r}: "
+            f"expected {expected}, got {actual_tuples}"
+        )
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Decorator gating contract (draw() early-returns)
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _make_decorator_stub():
+    """Build a fresh ``DoorSwingReadonlyDecorator`` instance without going
+    through ``install`` (which would attach a draw handler)."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import DoorSwingReadonlyDecorator
+
+    return DoorSwingReadonlyDecorator()
+
+
+def _draw_with_active(decorator, active_obj):
+    """Call ``draw`` with a minimal ``context`` stub."""
+    ctx = SimpleNamespace(active_object=active_obj)
+    decorator.draw(ctx)
+
+
+def test_draw_early_returns_when_no_active_object():
+    # Should not raise; nothing to draw.
+    _draw_with_active(_make_decorator_stub(), None)
+
+
+def test_draw_early_returns_when_active_not_selected():
+    obj = SimpleNamespace(select_get=lambda: False)
+    _draw_with_active(_make_decorator_stub(), obj)

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_door_gizmos.py

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ against a SimpleNamespace stand-in that records ``matrix_basis`` assignments and
 the tests describe the geometric contract directly rather than echoing the
 implementation."""
 
-import types
 from types import SimpleNamespace
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 
@@ -37,12 +36,6 @@ from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
-def _require_real_bpy():
-    if not isinstance(bpy, types.ModuleType) or hasattr(bpy, "_mock_name"):
-        pytest.skip("requires real Blender (bpy is mocked or absent)")
-
-
 def _make_props(door_type, overall_width=0.9, lining_offset=0.0, is_editing=True):
     return SimpleNamespace(
         door_type=door_type,

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_enable_editing_parametric.py

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Tests for the universal pen-icon dispatcher's pre-edit warning path.
+
+The dispatcher gates the parametric-edit triad behind a confirmation dialog
+whenever the active element's body representation is shared with sibling
+occurrences (typed product + mapped representation). It is the single
+chokepoint every feature's pen icon routes through, so the warning applies
+to walls, doors, windows, stairs, roofs, and any future feature uniformly.
+
+These tests exercise:
+
+- the pure ``should_show_shared_rep_dialog`` decision (every branch); and
+- one end-to-end invocation through ``bpy.ops`` to pin the wiring between
+  the decision and ``invoke_props_dialog``."""
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+from bonsai.bim.module.model.array import EnableEditingParametric
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+class TestShouldShowSharedRepDialog:
+    """Exhaustive truth table for the pre-edit-warning decision. Keeping this
+    pure (no bpy, no operator instance) means a future change to the dispatch
+    wiring can't silently flip a branch — the decision is independently pinned."""
+
+    decide = staticmethod(EnableEditingParametric.should_show_shared_rep_dialog)
+
+    def test_shared_rep_with_warning_enabled_shows_dialog(self):
+        assert self.decide(suppress=False, has_entity=True, sibling_count=3) is True
+
+    def test_unique_rep_skips_dialog(self):
+        assert self.decide(suppress=False, has_entity=True, sibling_count=0) is False
+
+    def test_session_suppress_overrides_shared_rep(self):
+        assert self.decide(suppress=True, has_entity=True, sibling_count=5) is False
+
+    def test_no_entity_skips_dialog_even_when_count_positive(self):
+        assert self.decide(suppress=False, has_entity=False, sibling_count=3) is False
+
+    def test_zero_siblings_skips_dialog_regardless_of_suppress(self):
+        assert self.decide(suppress=False, has_entity=True, sibling_count=0) is False
+        assert self.decide(suppress=True, has_entity=True, sibling_count=0) is False
+
+
+def test_dispatcher_falls_through_to_feature_enable_op_when_no_active_object():
+    """End-to-end smoke: with no active object the dispatcher short-circuits to
+    its ``execute`` body, which CANCELs on an empty ``feature_enable_op``."""
+    bpy.context.window_manager.BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs.suppress_shared_rep_warning = False
+    try:
+        with bpy.context.temp_override(active_object=None):
+            result = bpy.ops.bim.enable_editing_parametric("INVOKE_DEFAULT", feature_enable_op="")
+    finally:
+        bpy.context.window_manager.BIMParametricEditDialogPrefs.suppress_shared_rep_warning = False
+    assert result == {"CANCELLED"}

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_fillet_operators.py

@@ -35,20 +35,12 @@ early-returns when ``context.screen`` is unattached and prior tests can leave
 the screen in that state. The behaviour is covered by the user-visible live
 test loop instead."""
 
-import types
-
 import bpy
 import pytest
 
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
-def _require_real_bpy():
-    if not isinstance(bpy, types.ModuleType) or hasattr(bpy, "_mock_name"):
-        pytest.skip("requires real Blender (bpy is mocked or absent)")
-
-
 def _fillet_op_names():
     """Walk bpy.ops.bim for operators whose name contains ``wall_fillet`` —
     avoids hard-coding the five lifecycle bl_idnames so adding / renaming

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_actions_cache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Cache-invalidation tests for ``GizmoMEPActions.position_gizmos``.
+
+The gizmo group runs every viewport redraw via ``refresh()`` and
+``draw_prepare()``. The IFC-derived state it consumes — per-port connection
+state, the bridging fitting between two selected segments, segment endpoints
+— is stable across frames until either the selection changes or an IFC
+operator commits (which bumps ``tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation``).
+These tests pin that the per-frame redraw reuses the cached state."""
+
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Vector
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+def _build_group_with_mock_gizmos():
+    """Stand-in for the GizmoMEPActions instance, populated with mock
+    gizmos for every action_config name so ``position_gizmos`` can write
+    to them without crashing."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    class _Stand:
+        pass
+
+    inst = _Stand()
+    inst.action_configs = GizmoMEPActions.action_configs
+    inst.ENDPOINT_CONFIGS = GizmoMEPActions.ENDPOINT_CONFIGS
+    inst.BEND_ANCHOR_CONFIGS = GizmoMEPActions.BEND_ANCHOR_CONFIGS
+    inst.UNJOIN_CONFIGS = GizmoMEPActions.UNJOIN_CONFIGS
+    inst.ICON_ROW_Z_OFFSET = GizmoMEPActions.ICON_ROW_Z_OFFSET
+    inst.ICON_SPACING_X = GizmoMEPActions.ICON_SPACING_X
+    inst.ICON_SCALE = GizmoMEPActions.ICON_SCALE
+    inst.ENDPOINT_SCALE_RATIO = GizmoMEPActions.ENDPOINT_SCALE_RATIO
+    inst._scale_for_config = GizmoMEPActions._scale_for_config.__get__(inst)
+    inst.position_gizmos = GizmoMEPActions.position_gizmos.__get__(inst)
+    for config in GizmoMEPActions.action_configs:
+        gz = Mock()
+        setattr(inst, f"action_{config.name}_gizmo", gz)
+    return inst
+
+
+def _mock_segment_obj(name: str = "Segment.001") -> Mock:
+    """Mock IFC-backed segment object with the bound_box / matrix_world
+    surface that position_gizmos touches."""
+    obj = Mock()
+    obj.name = name
+    obj.bound_box = [
+        (0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+        (1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+        (1.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+        (0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+        (0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+        (1.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+        (1.0, 1.0, 1.0),
+        (0.0, 1.0, 1.0),
+    ]
+    obj.matrix_world = Mock()
+    obj.matrix_world.__matmul__ = lambda self, v: v
+    return obj
+
+
+def _make_context(active_obj):
+    ctx = Mock()
+    ctx.active_object = active_obj
+    ctx.scene = Mock()
+    ctx.scene.BIMPreviewProperties = None
+    return ctx
+
+
+def _silence_visibility_calls():
+    """Force every action_config's visibility_condition to True so the
+    cached fields actually get exercised. Without this, every config's
+    visibility lambda would short-circuit and the IFC calls under test
+    never fire."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    sentinel_lambdas = []
+    for config in GizmoMEPActions.action_configs:
+        sentinel_lambdas.append((config, config.visibility_condition))
+        config.visibility_condition = lambda _obj: True
+    return sentinel_lambdas
+
+
+def _restore_visibility(saved):
+    for config, original in saved:
+        config.visibility_condition = original
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def _patched_visibility():
+    saved = _silence_visibility_calls()
+    yield
+    _restore_visibility(saved)
+
+
+def test_port_connection_state_cached_across_frames_within_generation(_patched_visibility):
+    """Two back-to-back redraws with the same active object, same selection,
+    and unchanged IFC generation must reuse the port-state lookup — the
+    underlying IFC walk runs once, not once per redraw."""
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    active = _mock_segment_obj("Segment.001")
+    other = _mock_segment_obj("Segment.002")
+    context = _make_context(active)
+
+    element = Mock()
+    element.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowSegment"
+
+    call_counts = {"port_connection_state": 0, "find_bridging_fitting": 0, "compute_mep_join_location": 0}
+
+    def counting_port_state(elem, at_start):
+        call_counts["port_connection_state"] += 1
+        return "FREE"
+
+    def counting_find_fitting(a, b):
+        call_counts["find_bridging_fitting"] += 1
+        return None
+
+    def counting_join_location():
+        call_counts["compute_mep_join_location"] += 1
+        return Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
+
+    patches = [
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation", return_value=42),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Blender.get_selected_objects", return_value=[active, other]),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=element),
+        patch(
+            "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis",
+            return_value=(Vector((0, 0, 0)), Vector((1, 0, 0))),
+        ),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.port_connection_state", side_effect=counting_port_state),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.System.find_bridging_fitting", side_effect=counting_find_fitting),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator.compute_mep_join_location", side_effect=counting_join_location),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.get_billboard_rotation", return_value=Mock()),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.billboarded_at", return_value=Mock()),
+    ]
+
+    with patches[0], patches[1], patches[2], patches[3], patches[4], patches[5], patches[6], patches[7], patches[8]:
+        inst.position_gizmos(context)
+        first = dict(call_counts)
+        inst.position_gizmos(context)
+
+    # Second frame must reuse the cached values — no second IFC walk.
+    assert call_counts["port_connection_state"] == first["port_connection_state"]
+    assert call_counts["find_bridging_fitting"] == first["find_bridging_fitting"]
+    assert call_counts["compute_mep_join_location"] == first["compute_mep_join_location"]
+
+
+def test_generation_advance_invalidates_cache(_patched_visibility):
+    """An IFC operator commit bumps ``get_geom_generation`` — the next
+    redraw must recompute port state and friends to pick up any
+    downstream changes."""
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    active = _mock_segment_obj("Segment.001")
+    other = _mock_segment_obj("Segment.002")
+    context = _make_context(active)
+
+    element = Mock()
+    element.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowSegment"
+
+    port_call_count = {"n": 0}
+    fitting_call_count = {"n": 0}
+
+    def counting_port_state(elem, at_start):
+        port_call_count["n"] += 1
+        return "FREE"
+
+    def counting_find_fitting(a, b):
+        fitting_call_count["n"] += 1
+        return None
+
+    gen_state = {"gen": 1}
+
+    with patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation", side_effect=lambda: gen_state["gen"]
+    ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Blender.get_selected_objects", return_value=[active, other]), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=element
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis",
+        return_value=(Vector((0, 0, 0)), Vector((1, 0, 0))),
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.port_connection_state", side_effect=counting_port_state
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.System.find_bridging_fitting", side_effect=counting_find_fitting
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator.compute_mep_join_location", return_value=Vector((0, 0, 0))
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.get_billboard_rotation", return_value=Mock()
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.billboarded_at", return_value=Mock()
+    ):
+        inst.position_gizmos(context)
+        first_port = port_call_count["n"]
+        first_fitting = fitting_call_count["n"]
+        gen_state["gen"] = 2
+        inst.position_gizmos(context)
+
+    assert port_call_count["n"] > first_port, "port_connection_state must recompute after generation advance"
+    assert fitting_call_count["n"] > first_fitting, "find_bridging_fitting must recompute after generation advance"
+
+
+def test_selection_change_invalidates_cache(_patched_visibility):
+    """Changing the selection (e.g. deselecting one of two segments) must
+    drop the cache — the fitting predicate evaluated against the previous
+    pair is no longer valid for the new selection."""
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    active = _mock_segment_obj("Segment.001")
+    other_a = _mock_segment_obj("Segment.002")
+    other_b = _mock_segment_obj("Segment.003")
+    context = _make_context(active)
+
+    element = Mock()
+    element.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowSegment"
+
+    fitting_call_count = {"n": 0}
+
+    def counting_find_fitting(a, b):
+        fitting_call_count["n"] += 1
+        return None
+
+    selection_state = {"selected": [active, other_a]}
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation", return_value=1), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Blender.get_selected_objects", side_effect=lambda: selection_state["selected"]
+    ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=element), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis",
+        return_value=(Vector((0, 0, 0)), Vector((1, 0, 0))),
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.port_connection_state", return_value="FREE"
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.System.find_bridging_fitting", side_effect=counting_find_fitting
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator.compute_mep_join_location", return_value=Vector((0, 0, 0))
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.get_billboard_rotation", return_value=Mock()
+    ), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.billboarded_at", return_value=Mock()
+    ):
+        inst.position_gizmos(context)
+        first = fitting_call_count["n"]
+        selection_state["selected"] = [active, other_b]
+        inst.position_gizmos(context)
+
+    assert fitting_call_count["n"] > first, "find_bridging_fitting must recompute after selection change"

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_actions_visibility.py

@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Visibility-and-wiring contract tests for the MEP actions gizmo group.
+
+Two contracts pinned here:
+
+1. **Setup wires every property the click target consumes.** Each lock /
+   unjoin icon's ``setup()`` call writes ``op_props.position`` (and
+   ``op_props.mode`` for the open-lock icons) onto the gizmo's
+   ``target_set_operator`` return. If the underlying operator drops a
+   field, the gizmo group crashes at addon-enable with ``AttributeError``.
+   The tests stand in for the live regression that produced
+   ``AttributeError: 'BIM_OT_mep_add_obstruction' object has no attribute
+   'position'``.
+2. **Visibility predicates stay total.** Each ``visibility_condition``
+   lambda runs on every selection event the gizmo poll fires for; a
+   predicate raising on ``None`` / non-IFC inputs silently disables every
+   sibling gizmo. The predicates here are exercised against all the
+   degenerate inputs the gizmo can be handed."""
+
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# action_configs — operator registration + name uniqueness
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_action_configs_reference_registered_operators():
+    """Catches the most common regression: renaming an operator's
+    ``bl_idname`` without updating ``action_configs``."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    for config in GizmoMEPActions.action_configs:
+        namespace, _, verb = config.operator.partition(".")
+        assert namespace == "bim", f"Unexpected operator namespace in {config.name!r}: {config.operator!r}"
+        ops = getattr(bpy.ops, namespace)
+        assert hasattr(ops, verb), (
+            f"action_config {config.name!r} targets {config.operator!r} which is not a registered operator. "
+            f"Did its bl_idname get renamed?"
+        )
+
+
+def test_action_configs_have_unique_names():
+    """Each ``name`` backs ``self.action_<name>_gizmo`` via
+    ``BaseIconActionGroup.setup``; duplicates would silently shadow each
+    other and the second-declared icon would never receive its operator
+    binding."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    names = [c.name for c in GizmoMEPActions.action_configs]
+    assert len(names) == len(set(names)), f"Duplicate action_config names: {names}"
+
+
+def test_action_configs_icons_are_view3d_gt_types():
+    """Each icon must be a registered VIEW3D_GT_* gizmo type; a typo in
+    the bl_idname silently renders the icon as a black square."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    for config in GizmoMEPActions.action_configs:
+        assert config.icon, f"action_config {config.name!r} has empty icon bl_idname"
+        assert config.icon.startswith(
+            "VIEW3D_GT_"
+        ), f"action_config {config.name!r} icon {config.icon!r} is not a VIEW3D_GT_* gizmo type"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# setup() — op_props.position / op_props.mode contract
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _build_group_with_mock_gizmos():
+    """Return a GizmoMEPActions-shaped object with ``action_<name>_gizmo``
+    attributes populated by Mocks. ``target_set_operator`` returns a
+    MagicMock per call so the test can later inspect what ``position``
+    / ``mode`` got written."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    class _Stand:
+        pass
+
+    inst = _Stand()
+    inst.action_configs = GizmoMEPActions.action_configs
+    inst.LOCK_ICON_CONFIGS = GizmoMEPActions.LOCK_ICON_CONFIGS
+    inst.UNJOIN_CONFIGS = GizmoMEPActions.UNJOIN_CONFIGS
+    for config in GizmoMEPActions.action_configs:
+        gz = Mock()
+        gz.target_set_operator = MagicMock(return_value=MagicMock())
+        setattr(inst, f"action_{config.name}_gizmo", gz)
+    return inst
+
+
+def test_lock_open_icons_pass_position_and_mode_to_obstruction():
+    """Open-lock icons (start + end) bind ``bim.mep_add_obstruction`` with
+    ``position`` pinned to the relevant port and ``mode="ADD"``. Without
+    the position pin, the operator would fall back to its cursor-driven
+    heuristic and create the obstruction on the wrong end.
+
+    Pin both: the operator binding AND the property writes. The
+    regression this guards against is the live AttributeError class —
+    if MEPAddObstruction drops the ``position`` or ``mode`` field, the
+    setattr below raises at addon enable."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.get_warning_color_from_prefs", return_value=(1, 0, 0)), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences", return_value=MagicMock()
+    ):
+        GizmoMEPActions._wire_anchored_icon_targets(inst)
+
+    for name in ("lock_start_open", "lock_end_open"):
+        gz = getattr(inst, f"action_{name}_gizmo")
+        gz.target_set_operator.assert_any_call("bim.mep_add_obstruction")
+        op_props = gz.target_set_operator.return_value
+        assert op_props.position in ("START", "END")
+        assert op_props.mode == "ADD"
+
+
+def test_lock_closed_icons_pass_position_to_remove_terminal_fitting():
+    """Closed-lock icons drive ``bim.mep_remove_terminal_fitting``;
+    ``position`` is pinned, ``mode`` is not relevant for this operator."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.gizmo.get_warning_color_from_prefs", return_value=(1, 0, 0)), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Blender.get_addon_preferences", return_value=MagicMock()
+    ):
+        GizmoMEPActions._wire_anchored_icon_targets(inst)
+
+    for name, expected_position in (("lock_start_closed", "START"), ("lock_end_closed", "END")):
+        gz = getattr(inst, f"action_{name}_gizmo")
+        gz.target_set_operator.assert_any_call("bim.mep_remove_terminal_fitting")
+        # The last call's return value carries the position write.
+        last_call_props = gz.target_set_operator.return_value
+        assert last_call_props.position == expected_position or any(
+            ret.position == expected_position for ret in (gz.target_set_operator.return_value,)
+        )
+
+
+def test_unjoin_icons_bind_unified_disconnect_operator():
+    """Every unjoin icon (pair, start, end) routes to the unified
+    ``bim.disconnect_elements`` operator and the group holds an
+    ``op_props`` slot for each so the per-frame GUID writes have a
+    target."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    GizmoMEPActions._wire_anchored_icon_targets(inst)
+
+    assert isinstance(inst.unjoin_op_props, dict)
+    for name in GizmoMEPActions.UNJOIN_CONFIGS:
+        gz = getattr(inst, f"action_{name}_gizmo")
+        gz.target_set_operator.assert_any_call("bim.disconnect_elements")
+        assert name in inst.unjoin_op_props, f"missing op_props slot for {name!r}"
+
+
+def test_bind_unjoin_pair_writes_both_guids():
+    """``_bind_unjoin_pair`` is the per-frame hand-off from gizmo
+    position-gizmos to the unified disconnect operator: both segment
+    GlobalIds get written onto the pre-wired op_props so a click
+    dispatches with the right pair."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    GizmoMEPActions._wire_anchored_icon_targets(inst)
+    pair_op_props = inst.unjoin_op_props["unjoin_pair"]
+
+    seg_a = Mock(GlobalId="GUID-A")
+    seg_b = Mock(GlobalId="GUID-B")
+
+    assert GizmoMEPActions._bind_unjoin_pair(inst, [seg_a, seg_b]) is True
+    assert pair_op_props.element_a_guid == "GUID-A"
+    assert pair_op_props.element_b_guid == "GUID-B"
+
+
+def test_bind_unjoin_pair_rejects_incomplete_pair():
+    """Defensive: a selection mid-change can hand the gizmo a one-element
+    or None-containing pair. The bind must refuse rather than write a
+    half-resolved op_props that would later CANCEL with a confusing
+    error message."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    GizmoMEPActions._wire_anchored_icon_targets(inst)
+
+    assert GizmoMEPActions._bind_unjoin_pair(inst, [Mock(GlobalId="A")]) is False
+    assert GizmoMEPActions._bind_unjoin_pair(inst, [Mock(GlobalId="A"), None]) is False
+
+
+def test_bind_unjoin_at_port_resolves_fitting_and_writes_guids():
+    """The per-port unjoin gizmo resolves the partner fitting at the
+    named port and writes (segment_guid, fitting_guid) onto the
+    pre-wired op_props so the unified disconnect operator gets both
+    endpoints."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    GizmoMEPActions._wire_anchored_icon_targets(inst)
+    port_op_props = inst.unjoin_op_props["unjoin_end"]
+
+    segment_obj = Mock()
+    segment = Mock(GlobalId="SEG-GUID")
+    fitting = Mock(GlobalId="FIT-GUID")
+    fitting.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowFitting"
+    fitting.PredefinedType = "BEND"
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=segment), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.get_connected_element_at_segment_port", return_value=fitting
+    ):
+        ok = GizmoMEPActions._bind_unjoin_at_port(inst, "unjoin_end", segment_obj, False)
+
+    assert ok is True
+    assert port_op_props.element_a_guid == "SEG-GUID"
+    assert port_op_props.element_b_guid == "FIT-GUID"
+
+
+def test_bind_unjoin_at_port_refuses_obstruction_partner():
+    """OBSTRUCTION fittings have a dedicated grow/shrink removal flow —
+    routing them through the unified disconnect would just delete the
+    fitting and leave a visible gap. Mirror the find_rels exclusion
+    here so the icon hides when the partner is an obstruction."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import GizmoMEPActions
+
+    inst = _build_group_with_mock_gizmos()
+    GizmoMEPActions._wire_anchored_icon_targets(inst)
+
+    segment = Mock(GlobalId="SEG-GUID")
+    obstruction = Mock(GlobalId="OBS-GUID")
+    obstruction.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowFitting"
+    obstruction.PredefinedType = "OBSTRUCTION"
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=segment), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.get_connected_element_at_segment_port", return_value=obstruction
+    ):
+        assert GizmoMEPActions._bind_unjoin_at_port(inst, "unjoin_end", Mock(), False) is False
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Visibility predicates — total over degenerate inputs
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_active_is_bend_fitting_accepts_tessellated_bend_with_bbim_pset():
+    """A bend whose body has been tessellated as the upstream geometry-kernel
+    workaround still has its parametric definition on the type's
+    ``BBIM_Fitting`` pset — the re-edit operator reads from there, so the
+    pen icon must surface on it. ``has_parametric_body`` would return False
+    for the tessellated body; the pset gate is what makes the icon
+    reachable."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_is_bend_fitting
+
+    bend_obj = Mock()
+    bend_elem = Mock()
+    bend_elem.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowFitting"
+    bend_type = Mock()
+    bend_type.PredefinedType = "BEND"
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=bend_elem), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep._is_bend_fitting", return_value=True
+    ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.ifcopenshell.util.element.get_type", return_value=bend_type), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.ifcopenshell.util.element.get_pset",
+        return_value={"radius": 0.2, "start_length": 0.1, "end_length": 0.1},
+    ):
+        assert _active_is_bend_fitting(bend_obj) is True
+
+
+def test_active_is_bend_fitting_rejects_bend_type_without_bbim_pset():
+    """A fitting that looks like a bend (IfcFlowFitting + type.PredefinedType
+    == BEND) but lacks a ``BBIM_Fitting`` pset on the type can't be re-edited
+    — the re-edit operator reads parameters from the pset. Reject so the pen
+    icon hides rather than dispatching an operator that would CANCEL."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_is_bend_fitting
+
+    bend_obj = Mock()
+    bend_elem = Mock()
+    bend_elem.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowFitting"
+    bend_type = Mock()
+    bend_type.PredefinedType = "BEND"
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=bend_elem), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep._is_bend_fitting", return_value=True
+    ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.ifcopenshell.util.element.get_type", return_value=bend_type), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.ifcopenshell.util.element.get_pset", return_value=None
+    ):
+        assert _active_is_bend_fitting(bend_obj) is False
+
+
+def test_active_is_bend_fitting_rejects_non_bend():
+    """Non-bend objects (segments, fittings with PredefinedType != BEND)
+    fail the first gate regardless of pset state."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_is_bend_fitting
+
+    bend_obj = Mock()
+    bend_elem = Mock()
+    bend_elem.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowFitting"
+
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=bend_elem), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep._is_bend_fitting", return_value=False
+    ):
+        assert _active_is_bend_fitting(bend_obj) is False
+
+
+def test_active_is_flow_segment_handles_unbound_object():
+    """A Blender object with no IFC binding must not raise from a
+    visibility predicate. The lambda runs on every selection event."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_is_flow_segment
+
+    plain = Mock()
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=None):
+        assert _active_is_flow_segment(plain) is False
+
+
+def test_active_is_flow_segment_classifies_segment_vs_fitting():
+    """Only IfcFlowSegment lights the lock-icon row; IfcFlowFitting (the
+    bend's own class) does not. The parametric-body gate is mocked True
+    here — its dedicated truth-table is in test_mep_actions_visibility
+    sibling tests."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_is_flow_segment
+
+    segment_elem = Mock()
+    segment_elem.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowSegment"
+    fitting_elem = Mock()
+    fitting_elem.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowFitting"
+
+    plain = Mock()
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.System.has_parametric_body", return_value=True):
+        with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=segment_elem):
+            assert _active_is_flow_segment(plain) is True
+        with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=fitting_elem):
+            assert _active_is_flow_segment(plain) is False
+
+
+def test_active_mep_has_connected_neighbor_returns_false_on_no_entity():
+    """A non-IFC Blender object can't have MEP neighbours; the predicate
+    short-circuits to False instead of raising."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_mep_has_connected_neighbor
+
+    plain = Mock()
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=None):
+        assert _active_mep_has_connected_neighbor(plain) is False
+
+
+def test_active_mep_has_connected_neighbor_walks_ports():
+    """Walks the element's ports once; returns True on the first
+    connected one. Pin via mock — the gizmo poll fires per draw so the
+    walk needs to short-circuit not exhaust."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_mep_has_connected_neighbor
+
+    element = Mock()
+    ports = [Mock(), Mock(), Mock()]
+
+    plain = Mock()
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=element), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.System.is_mep_element", return_value=True
+    ), patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.System.get_ports", return_value=ports), patch(
+        "bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.System.get_connected_port", side_effect=[None, Mock(), None]
+    ):
+        assert _active_mep_has_connected_neighbor(plain) is True
+
+
+def test_active_is_bend_fitting_short_circuits_on_none():
+    """The bend re-edit icon's predicate must accept a None entity (raw
+    ``tool.Ifc.get_entity`` result for an unbound obj) without raising."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _active_is_bend_fitting
+
+    plain = Mock()
+    with patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=None):
+        assert _active_is_bend_fitting(plain) is False

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_bend_preview.py

@@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Unit tests for the bend-preview flow scaffolding.
+
+Covers three surfaces:
+
+1. ``compute_bend_preview_polylines`` and ``_intersection_past_near`` —
+   pure geometry helpers driving both the GPU preview and the gizmo
+   group's anchor positioning.
+2. Registration probes for the three lifecycle operators,
+   ``GizmoBendPreview`` group, and ``BendPreviewDecorator`` class.
+3. ``FinishBendPreview``'s RuntimeError catch — when the dispatched
+   ``bim.mep_add_bend`` reports ERROR + returns CANCELLED, the finish
+   operator must return CANCELLED with state preserved for re-tune."""
+
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_bend_preview_polylines — pure geometry helper
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _mock_obj_with_axis(start_world, end_world):
+    """Return (obj, (obj, axis_tuple)) — the second element is consumed by
+    ``_with_axis_patches`` and makes ``tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis(obj)``
+    return the supplied axis. No real Blender object needed."""
+    from mathutils import Vector
+
+    obj = Mock()
+    return obj, (obj, (Vector(start_world), Vector(end_world)))
+
+
+def _with_axis_patches(*obj_axis_pairs):
+    from bonsai import tool
+
+    table = {id(obj): axis for obj, axis in obj_axis_pairs}
+    return patch.object(tool.Model, "get_flow_segment_axis", side_effect=lambda o: table.get(id(o)))
+
+
+def test_compute_bend_preview_polylines_invalid_for_parallel_axes():
+    """Parallel axes have no defined intersection; ``MEPAddBend`` rejects
+    them and the preview must too. Returns valid=False with empty leg / arc
+    fields — the GPU decorator and gizmo group both check ``valid`` and
+    hide on False."""
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    start_obj, start_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0))
+    end_obj, end_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((0, 1, 0), (1, 1, 0))
+
+    with _with_axis_patches(start_pair, end_pair):
+        with patch.object(tool.Cad, "intersect_edges", return_value=None):
+            result = compute_bend_preview_polylines(start_obj, end_obj, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2)
+    assert result["valid"] is False
+    assert result["arc"] == []
+    assert result["leg_a"] is None
+    assert result["leg_b"] is None
+
+
+def test_compute_bend_preview_polylines_returns_arc_and_leg_polylines_for_right_angle():
+    """Two perpendicular segments meeting at origin → a 90° bend. Pin the
+    structural invariants: arc has the requested resolution + 1 points,
+    legs are returned as ``(far, endpoint)`` pairs, endpoints sit
+    ``radius * tan(bend_angle/2) + leg_length`` from the intersection."""
+    from math import isclose, pi, tan
+
+    from mathutils import Vector
+
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    start_obj, start_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((1, 0, 0), (3, 0, 0))
+    end_obj, end_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((0, 1, 0), (0, 3, 0))
+
+    intersection = (Vector((0, 0, 0)), Vector((0, 0, 0)))
+    start_length, end_length, radius = 0.5, 0.5, 0.2
+    bend_angle = pi / 2
+    tangent_offset = radius * tan(bend_angle / 2)
+
+    with _with_axis_patches(start_pair, end_pair):
+        with patch.object(tool.Cad, "intersect_edges", return_value=intersection):
+            with patch.object(
+                tool.Cad,
+                "closest_and_furthest_vectors",
+                side_effect=lambda p, axis: (axis[0], axis[1]),
+            ):
+                result = compute_bend_preview_polylines(
+                    start_obj, end_obj, start_length, end_length, radius, arc_resolution=12
+                )
+
+    assert result["valid"] is True
+    leg_a_far, leg_a_endpoint = result["leg_a"]
+    assert tuple(leg_a_far) == (3, 0, 0)
+    assert isclose(leg_a_endpoint.x, tangent_offset + start_length, abs_tol=1e-6)
+    assert isclose(leg_a_endpoint.y, 0.0, abs_tol=1e-6)
+
+    leg_b_far, leg_b_endpoint = result["leg_b"]
+    assert tuple(leg_b_far) == (0, 3, 0)
+    assert isclose(leg_b_endpoint.x, 0.0, abs_tol=1e-6)
+    assert isclose(leg_b_endpoint.y, tangent_offset + end_length, abs_tol=1e-6)
+
+    assert len(result["arc"]) == 13
+    arc = result["arc"]
+    assert isclose((arc[0] - Vector((tangent_offset, 0, 0))).length, 0.0, abs_tol=1e-6)
+    assert isclose((arc[-1] - Vector((0, tangent_offset, 0))).length, 0.0, abs_tol=1e-6)
+
+
+def test_compute_bend_preview_polylines_invalid_for_near_collinear():
+    """Near-collinear axes (intersection exists but bend angle ≈ 0 or π)
+    short-circuit to valid=False so the preview doesn't render a
+    degenerate near-zero-radius arc."""
+    from mathutils import Vector
+
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    start_obj, start_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((1, 0, 0), (3, 0, 0))
+    end_obj, end_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((-1, 0, 0), (-3, 0, 0))
+    intersection = (Vector((0, 0, 0)), Vector((0, 0, 0)))
+
+    with _with_axis_patches(start_pair, end_pair):
+        with patch.object(tool.Cad, "intersect_edges", return_value=intersection):
+            with patch.object(
+                tool.Cad,
+                "closest_and_furthest_vectors",
+                side_effect=lambda p, axis: (axis[0], axis[1]),
+            ):
+                result = compute_bend_preview_polylines(start_obj, end_obj, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2)
+    assert result["valid"] is False
+
+
+def test_compute_bend_preview_polylines_returns_invalid_axes_when_intersection_inside_segment():
+    """When the intersection lands inside one of the segments, ``valid`` is
+    False AND the result carries ``invalid_axes`` — a pair of (far_endpoint,
+    intersection) lines for each segment. ``BendPreviewDecorator`` reads
+    these to draw warning-red axes instead of rendering a degenerate arc."""
+    from mathutils import Vector
+
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    start_obj, start_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((-3, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 0))
+    end_obj, end_pair = _mock_obj_with_axis((0, 5, 0), (0, 3, 0))
+    intersection = (Vector((-2, 0, 0)), Vector((-2, 0, 0)))
+
+    with _with_axis_patches(start_pair, end_pair):
+        with patch.object(tool.Cad, "intersect_edges", return_value=intersection):
+            with patch.object(
+                tool.Cad,
+                "closest_and_furthest_vectors",
+                # axis[0] = closer endpoint (near), axis[1] = farther (far).
+                side_effect=lambda p, axis: (axis[1], axis[0]),
+            ):
+                result = compute_bend_preview_polylines(start_obj, end_obj, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2)
+
+    assert result["valid"] is False
+    assert "invalid_axes" in result, "preview must return invalid_axes for the warning decorator"
+    axes = result["invalid_axes"]
+    assert len(axes) == 2
+    for _far_endpoint, axis_end in axes:
+        assert tuple(axis_end) == (-2, 0, 0)
+    assert result.get("reason") in ("intersection_inside_start", "intersection_inside_end")
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _intersection_past_near — degenerate-intersection guard for the preview
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "intersection,near,far,expected",
+    [
+        # Normal: intersection past near, opposite side from far.
+        ((0, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 0), (-3, 0, 0), True),
+        # Degenerate: intersection BETWEEN near and far (inside the segment).
+        ((-2, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 0), (-3, 0, 0), False),
+        # Degenerate: intersection past FAR (opposite side from the bend).
+        ((-4, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 0), (-3, 0, 0), False),
+        # Borderline: intersection coincides with near — within tolerance → False.
+        ((-1, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 0), (-3, 0, 0), False),
+        # Degenerate: zero-length segment — can't classify, False.
+        ((0, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 0), False),
+    ],
+)
+def test_intersection_past_near(intersection, near, far, expected):
+    """Pins the degenerate-intersection classification used by
+    ``compute_bend_preview_polylines`` to reject in-segment intersections."""
+    from mathutils import Vector
+
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _intersection_past_near
+
+    assert _intersection_past_near(Vector(intersection), Vector(near), Vector(far)) is expected
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Registration probes
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_bend_preview_operators_are_registered():
+    """The three bend-preview operators must resolve via ``bpy.ops.bim.*`` —
+    enable populates scene props, finish dispatches ``bim.mep_add_bend``
+    with the tuned params, cancel clears the state."""
+    assert hasattr(bpy.ops.bim, "enable_bend_preview")
+    assert hasattr(bpy.ops.bim, "finish_bend_preview")
+    assert hasattr(bpy.ops.bim, "cancel_bend_preview")
+
+
+def test_mep_join_segments_dispatcher_is_registered():
+    """``bim.mep_join_segments`` is the discoverable entry point for the
+    bend preview flow (F3 search → "Join MEP Segments") until the full
+    gizmo-icon dispatch lands. Routes parallel → transition, non-parallel
+    → enable_bend_preview."""
+    assert hasattr(bpy.ops.bim, "mep_join_segments")
+
+
+def test_bend_preview_gizmo_group_is_registered():
+    """``GizmoBendPreview`` polls when ``scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend.is_active``
+    is True. Pin the bl_idname so a typo wouldn't silently hide the preview
+    gizmos at runtime."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep_bend_preview import GizmoBendPreview
+
+    assert GizmoBendPreview.bl_idname == "OBJECT_GGT_bim_bend_preview"
+    assert issubclass(GizmoBendPreview, bpy.types.GizmoGroup)
+
+
+def test_bim_bend_preview_properties_attached_to_scene():
+    """The Scene PointerProperty must be bound in ``register()`` so the
+    lifecycle operators and the GPU decorator can read
+    ``context.scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend.is_active``."""
+    assert hasattr(bpy.types.Scene, "BIMPreviewProperties")
+    assert hasattr(bpy.context.scene.BIMPreviewProperties, "bend")
+
+
+def test_bend_preview_decorator_class_present():
+    """The GPU decorator is installed at addon load (via
+    ``bim/handler.py:load_post``). Verify the class exists with the
+    install / uninstall interface the handler expects."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import BendPreviewDecorator
+
+    assert hasattr(BendPreviewDecorator, "install")
+    assert hasattr(BendPreviewDecorator, "uninstall")
+
+
+def test_enable_bend_preview_from_bend_is_registered():
+    """The re-edit entry point is discoverable via ``bpy.ops.bim`` so the
+    pen-icon dispatch in ``GizmoMEPActions`` resolves at click time."""
+    assert hasattr(bpy.ops.bim, "enable_bend_preview_from_bend")
+
+
+def test_bim_bend_preview_properties_has_editing_bend_id():
+    """The re-edit dispatch flag rides on the same preview PropertyGroup as
+    the rest of the bend draft state. Without this field on the umbrella,
+    re-edit cancel / commit cleanup would not zero it via
+    ``clear_preview_state`` (which iterates ``*_id`` IntProperty fields)."""
+    bend_props = bpy.context.scene.BIMPreviewProperties.bend
+    assert hasattr(bend_props, "editing_bend_id")
+    assert bend_props.editing_bend_id == 0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "ifc_class,predefined_type,expected",
+    [
+        ("IfcFlowFitting", "BEND", True),
+        ("IfcFlowFitting", "TRANSITION", False),
+        ("IfcFlowFitting", "OBSTRUCTION", False),
+        ("IfcFlowFitting", None, False),
+        ("IfcFlowSegment", "BEND", False),
+        ("IfcWall", "BEND", False),
+    ],
+)
+def test_is_bend_fitting_predicate_truth_table(ifc_class, predefined_type, expected):
+    """The predicate classifies each occurrence by walking up to its type's
+    ``PredefinedType``. Pin the four-way branch: matching class + matching
+    type, matching class + other type, wrong class, no type at all."""
+    from unittest.mock import Mock
+
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _is_bend_fitting
+
+    element = Mock()
+    element.is_a = Mock(side_effect=lambda c: c == ifc_class)
+    if predefined_type is None:
+        element_type = None
+    else:
+        element_type = Mock()
+        element_type.PredefinedType = predefined_type
+
+    with patch("ifcopenshell.util.element.get_type", return_value=element_type):
+        assert _is_bend_fitting(element) is expected
+
+
+def test_is_bend_fitting_predicate_returns_false_on_none():
+    """The predicate is total — callers pass it raw ``tool.Ifc.get_entity``
+    results which can be ``None`` for unbound Blender objects, and the
+    visibility-condition lambda must not raise from a gizmo poll."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _is_bend_fitting
+
+    assert _is_bend_fitting(None) is False
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Finish-catches-RuntimeError contract
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_finish_bend_preview_catches_runtime_error_from_dispatch():
+    """When the dispatched ``bim.mep_add_bend`` reports ERROR + returns
+    CANCELLED, ``bpy.ops`` promotes that to RuntimeError. Finish must catch
+    it and return CANCELLED — propagating the exception leaves Blender's
+    operator state half-broken. Preview state must remain active so the
+    user can re-tune."""
+    from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep_bend_preview import FinishBendPreview
+
+    class _Stand:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.report = MagicMock()
+
+    op_self = _Stand()
+    fake_props = SimpleNamespace(
+        is_active=True,
+        start_segment_id=42,
+        end_segment_id=43,
+        start_length=0.1,
+        end_length=0.1,
+        radius=0.2,
+        editing_bend_id=0,
+    )
+    context = SimpleNamespace(
+        screen=MagicMock(),
+        scene=SimpleNamespace(BIMPreviewProperties=SimpleNamespace(bend=fake_props)),
+    )
+
+    mock_ops_bim = MagicMock()
+    mock_ops_bim.mep_add_bend.side_effect = RuntimeError("synthetic dispatch error")
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(tool.Ifc, "get", return_value=MagicMock(name="ifc_file")),
+        patch.object(bpy.ops, "bim", new=mock_ops_bim),
+    ):
+        result = FinishBendPreview.execute(op_self, context)
+
+    assert "CANCELLED" in result, "RuntimeError from dispatch must be converted to CANCELLED"
+    assert fake_props.is_active is True, "failed dispatch must leave preview active for re-tune"
+    op_self.report.assert_called()

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_bend_preview_cache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Cache-invalidation tests for ``cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines``.
+
+The bend preview is drawn by both the GPU decorator and the gizmo group on
+every viewport redraw. The cache must reuse one tessellation per frame while
+invalidating when any input (segment matrix, tuned dimensions, identity, or
+the global IFC geometry generation) shifts."""
+
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Matrix
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+def _mock_obj(name: str, matrix: Matrix) -> Mock:
+    obj = Mock()
+    obj.name = name
+    obj.matrix_world = matrix
+    return obj
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _clear_memo():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    mep._bend_preview_memo = None
+    yield
+    mep._bend_preview_memo = None
+
+
+def _patches(call_count_sentinel: dict):
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    def counting_compute(*args, **kwargs):
+        call_count_sentinel["calls"] += 1
+        return {"valid": True, "leg_a": None, "leg_b": None, "arc": []}
+
+    return (
+        patch.object(mep, "compute_bend_preview_polylines", side_effect=counting_compute),
+        patch.object(tool.Parametric, "get_geom_generation", return_value=call_count_sentinel.get("gen", 1)),
+    )
+
+
+def test_same_inputs_within_one_generation_share_one_compute():
+    """Two callers (decorator + gizmo) with identical inputs in the same
+    redraw frame must yield a single underlying compute."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    a = _mock_obj("seg_a", Matrix.Identity(4))
+    b = _mock_obj("seg_b", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+
+    sentinel = {"calls": 0, "gen": 7}
+    p_compute, p_gen = _patches(sentinel)
+    with p_compute, p_gen:
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+
+    assert sentinel["calls"] == 1
+
+
+def test_radius_change_invalidates_cache():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    a = _mock_obj("seg_a", Matrix.Identity(4))
+    b = _mock_obj("seg_b", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+
+    sentinel = {"calls": 0, "gen": 1}
+    p_compute, p_gen = _patches(sentinel)
+    with p_compute, p_gen:
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4)  # radius changed
+
+    assert sentinel["calls"] == 2
+
+
+def test_start_length_change_invalidates_cache():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    a = _mock_obj("seg_a", Matrix.Identity(4))
+    b = _mock_obj("seg_b", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+
+    sentinel = {"calls": 0, "gen": 1}
+    p_compute, p_gen = _patches(sentinel)
+    with p_compute, p_gen:
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3)  # start_length changed
+
+    assert sentinel["calls"] == 2
+
+
+def test_end_length_change_invalidates_cache():
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    a = _mock_obj("seg_a", Matrix.Identity(4))
+    b = _mock_obj("seg_b", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+
+    sentinel = {"calls": 0, "gen": 1}
+    p_compute, p_gen = _patches(sentinel)
+    with p_compute, p_gen:
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.25, 0.3)  # end_length changed
+
+    assert sentinel["calls"] == 2
+
+
+def test_segment_matrix_change_invalidates_cache():
+    """Moving either segment changes the bend geometry — the cache must
+    recompute even when the IFC has not advanced."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    a = _mock_obj("seg_a", Matrix.Identity(4))
+    b = _mock_obj("seg_b", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+
+    sentinel = {"calls": 0, "gen": 1}
+    p_compute, p_gen = _patches(sentinel)
+    with p_compute, p_gen:
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+        b.matrix_world = Matrix.Translation((2, 0, 0))
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+
+    assert sentinel["calls"] == 2
+
+
+def test_geom_generation_advance_invalidates_cache():
+    """An IFC operator commit bumps ``tool.Parametric.get_geom_generation``;
+    the cache must recompute on the next call to pick up downstream geometry
+    changes that don't surface in the object's matrix_world."""
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    a = _mock_obj("seg_a", Matrix.Identity(4))
+    b = _mock_obj("seg_b", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+
+    sentinel = {"calls": 0}
+
+    def counting_compute(*args, **kwargs):
+        sentinel["calls"] += 1
+        return {"valid": True, "leg_a": None, "leg_b": None, "arc": []}
+
+    gen_state = {"gen": 1}
+    with patch.object(mep, "compute_bend_preview_polylines", side_effect=counting_compute):
+        with patch.object(tool.Parametric, "get_geom_generation", side_effect=lambda: gen_state["gen"]):
+            cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+            gen_state["gen"] = 2
+            cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+
+    assert sentinel["calls"] == 2
+
+
+def test_swapping_one_segment_invalidates_cache():
+    """Selecting a different segment pair (different object identity) must
+    recompute even when matrices coincidentally match."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines
+
+    a = _mock_obj("seg_a", Matrix.Identity(4))
+    b = _mock_obj("seg_b", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+    c = _mock_obj("seg_c", Matrix.Translation((1, 0, 0)))
+
+    sentinel = {"calls": 0, "gen": 1}
+    p_compute, p_gen = _patches(sentinel)
+    with p_compute, p_gen:
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, b, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+        cached_compute_bend_preview_polylines(a, c, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
+
+    assert sentinel["calls"] == 2

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_bend_tessellation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Pure-math tests for the bend tessellation helpers (FIXME #8106).
+
+Pins the geometry contracts the hand-meshed bend body relies on while the
+upstream IfcSweptDiskSolid round-trip is broken:
+
+- profile cross-section sampling for circle / rectangle / unsupported
+- parallel-transport framing along the centerline (the contract that
+  eliminates the twist a fixed world-reference basis produces)
+- ``initial_basis`` override that aligns the cross-section with the
+  source segment's local +X / +Y axes (the asymmetric-rectangle fix)"""
+
+from math import cos, pi, sin
+from unittest.mock import Mock
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Vector
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _bend_profile_cross_section — IFC profile → 2D sample points
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_profile_cross_section_circle_returns_evenly_spaced_ring():
+    """Circle profiles sample 16 points by default, equally spaced around
+    the radius. First vert sits at ``(radius, 0)`` so the mesh's local
+    angular zero aligns with the sweep basis ``right`` axis."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _bend_profile_cross_section
+
+    profile = Mock()
+    profile.Radius = 0.1
+    profile.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcCircleProfileDef"
+
+    pts = _bend_profile_cross_section(profile)
+    assert pts is not None
+    assert len(pts) == 16
+    assert pts[0] == pytest.approx((0.1, 0.0))
+    # All points lie on the circle.
+    for x, y in pts:
+        assert (x * x + y * y) == pytest.approx(0.1 * 0.1, abs=1e-9)
+
+
+def test_profile_cross_section_circle_respects_n_circle_parameter():
+    """The sample count is configurable; verify a non-default value
+    flows through to the result length."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _bend_profile_cross_section
+
+    profile = Mock()
+    profile.Radius = 0.05
+    profile.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcCircleProfileDef"
+
+    pts = _bend_profile_cross_section(profile, n_circle=8)
+    assert len(pts) == 8
+
+
+def test_profile_cross_section_rectangle_returns_four_corners():
+    """Rectangle profiles return exactly four corners, in the canonical
+    ``[(-X/2,-Y/2), (X/2,-Y/2), (X/2,Y/2), (-X/2,Y/2)]`` winding."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _bend_profile_cross_section
+
+    profile = Mock()
+    profile.XDim = 0.4
+    profile.YDim = 0.2
+    profile.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcRectangleProfileDef"
+
+    pts = _bend_profile_cross_section(profile)
+    assert pts == [(-0.2, -0.1), (0.2, -0.1), (0.2, 0.1), (-0.2, 0.1)]
+
+
+def test_profile_cross_section_unsupported_returns_none():
+    """Profiles other than circle / rectangle (e.g.
+    ``IfcArbitraryClosedProfileDef``) return ``None`` so the tessellation
+    helper skips the rep swap rather than building geometry against the
+    wrong cross-section."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _bend_profile_cross_section
+
+    profile = Mock()
+    profile.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcArbitraryClosedProfileDef"
+
+    assert _bend_profile_cross_section(profile) is None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _sweep_profile_along_polyline — vert + face count + parallel transport
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_sweep_along_straight_polyline_builds_closed_tube_with_caps():
+    """Straight 3-ring centerline + 4-vert profile yields 12 ring verts,
+    3 quads × 4 sides = 12 side quads, plus two end-cap triangles per end
+    (4-vert profile fans into 2 triangles)."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _sweep_profile_along_polyline
+
+    centerline = [Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0)), Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0)), Vector((0.0, 0.0, 2.0))]
+    profile_2d = [(-1.0, -1.0), (1.0, -1.0), (1.0, 1.0), (-1.0, 1.0)]
+
+    verts, faces = _sweep_profile_along_polyline(centerline, profile_2d)
+
+    assert len(verts) == 3 * 4, "3 rings × 4 profile verts"
+    # 2 ring gaps × 4 quads each = 8 side faces; 2 caps × 2 triangles = 4 cap faces.
+    quad_count = sum(1 for f in faces if len(f) == 4)
+    tri_count = sum(1 for f in faces if len(f) == 3)
+    assert quad_count == 8, "one quad per profile edge per ring gap"
+    assert tri_count == 4, "fan triangulation gives n_profile - 2 = 2 tris per cap"
+
+
+def test_sweep_parallel_transports_basis_around_right_angle_corner():
+    """L-shaped centerline (turn from +Z to +X). After the corner, the
+    cross-section's reference direction is rotated 90° from before — the
+    parallel-transport invariant. Pin via the first verts of the start
+    and end rings: starts perpendicular to +Z (so in XY), ends
+    perpendicular to +X (so in YZ)."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _sweep_profile_along_polyline
+
+    centerline = [
+        Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
+        Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
+        Vector((1.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
+        Vector((2.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
+    ]
+    # Single-vert profile would degenerate; use a 4-vert square so we
+    # have something to project onto each ring's basis.
+    profile_2d = [(0.1, 0.0), (0.0, 0.1), (-0.1, 0.0), (0.0, -0.1)]
+
+    verts, _ = _sweep_profile_along_polyline(centerline, profile_2d)
+
+    # First ring's verts must lie in a plane perpendicular to +Z (the
+    # tangent at the first ring). Verify each vert has |z-ring_center.z| ≈ 0.
+    first_ring = verts[0:4]
+    for v in first_ring:
+        assert v.z == pytest.approx(0.0, abs=1e-6), f"first-ring vert off the start plane: {v}"
+
+    # Last ring's tangent is +X (last centerline segment). Verts should
+    # lie in a plane perpendicular to +X — i.e. x ≈ 2.0 (the centerline's
+    # x at the last ring).
+    last_ring = verts[-4:]
+    for v in last_ring:
+        assert v.x == pytest.approx(2.0, abs=1e-6), f"last-ring vert off the end plane: {v}"
+
+
+def test_sweep_initial_basis_override_aligns_first_ring_with_segment_axes():
+    """The asymmetric-rectangle fix: caller supplies the segment's local
+    +X / +Y axes (in world space) as ``initial_basis``; the helper uses
+    those as the first ring's basis instead of the world-Z seed. Verify
+    by checking that the first profile vert lands at ``ring0 + right *
+    sx + up * sy`` for the provided right / up."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _sweep_profile_along_polyline
+
+    centerline = [Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0)), Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))]
+    # Profile sample at (0.5, 0) — a single point on the +X profile axis.
+    profile_2d = [(0.5, 0.0)]
+
+    # Initial basis where right = +Y world, up = +X world (rotated 90°
+    # from the default world-Z seed which would give right ≈ -Y).
+    initial_basis = (Vector((0.0, 1.0, 0.0)), Vector((1.0, 0.0, 0.0)))
+
+    verts, _ = _sweep_profile_along_polyline(centerline, profile_2d, initial_basis=initial_basis)
+
+    # First vert = ring0 (0,0,0) + right * 0.5 + up * 0 = (0, 0.5, 0).
+    assert tuple(verts[0]) == pytest.approx((0.0, 0.5, 0.0), abs=1e-6)
+
+
+def test_sweep_default_seed_uses_world_z_reference():
+    """Without an ``initial_basis``, the helper falls back to a stable
+    world-Z reference for the first ring. Pin so a future refactor of
+    the fallback doesn't silently change the orientation for callers
+    that rely on the default (the bend preview decorator's debug draw
+    path, for instance)."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _sweep_profile_along_polyline
+
+    centerline = [Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0)), Vector((1.0, 0.0, 0.0))]
+    profile_2d = [(1.0, 0.0)]
+
+    verts, _ = _sweep_profile_along_polyline(centerline, profile_2d)
+
+    # First tangent = +X. world-Z up_ref → right = tangent × up_ref =
+    # (1,0,0) × (0,0,1) = (0,-1,0). up = right × tangent = (0,0,1).
+    # First vert at right * 1.0 = (0, -1, 0).
+    assert tuple(verts[0]) == pytest.approx((0.0, -1.0, 0.0), abs=1e-6)

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_disconnect_integration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""End-to-end integration tests for the unified MEP disconnect path.
+
+Builds a real IFC scene (two pipe segments joined via ports to a bridging
+fitting) and exercises the full chain:
+    tool.Connection.find_rels(seg_a, seg_b)
+    → returns (fitting, "mep-pair-fitting")
+    → bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel(subject=fitting, kind=...)
+    → tool.Geometry.delete_ifc_object(fitting_obj)
+    → cascade-on-delete removes the IfcRelConnectsPorts via remove_port
+
+The mock-based dispatch tests in :py:mod:`test_disconnect_elements` pin each
+piece in isolation. This module pins that they compose — the surface the
+gizmo click hits in production."""
+
+import bpy
+import ifcopenshell.api.system
+import pytest
+
+import bonsai.core.connection
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+from test.bim.bootstrap import NewFile
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+class TestMEPPairDisconnectEndToEnd(NewFile):
+    def _make_segment(self, name: str):
+        """Create one IfcPipeSegment occurrence with ports at both ends.
+        Returns (blender_object, ifc_element)."""
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=1)
+        obj = bpy.data.objects["Cube"]
+        obj.name = name
+        bpy.ops.bim.assign_class(ifc_class="IfcPipeSegment", predefined_type="RIGIDSEGMENT", userdefined_type="")
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        tool.System.add_ports(obj)
+        return obj, element
+
+    def _make_bend_fitting(self, name: str):
+        """Create one IfcPipeFitting (PredefinedType=BEND) occurrence with two
+        ports. Manual setup — bpy.ops.bim.assign_class doesn't add ports."""
+        bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=0.3)
+        obj = bpy.data.objects["Cube"]
+        obj.name = name
+        bpy.ops.bim.assign_class(ifc_class="IfcPipeFitting", predefined_type="BEND", userdefined_type="")
+        element = tool.Ifc.get_entity(obj)
+        tool.System.add_ports(obj)
+        return obj, element
+
+    def _setup_joined_pair(self):
+        bpy.ops.bim.create_project()
+        seg_a_obj, seg_a = self._make_segment("SegA")
+        seg_b_obj, seg_b = self._make_segment("SegB")
+        bend_obj, bend = self._make_bend_fitting("Bend")
+
+        ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+        seg_a_ports = tool.System.get_ports(seg_a)
+        seg_b_ports = tool.System.get_ports(seg_b)
+        bend_ports = tool.System.get_ports(bend)
+        ifcopenshell.api.system.connect_port(ifc_file, port1=seg_a_ports[0], port2=bend_ports[0])
+        ifcopenshell.api.system.connect_port(ifc_file, port1=seg_b_ports[0], port2=bend_ports[1])
+
+        return seg_a, seg_b, bend, bend_obj
+
+    def test_find_rels_returns_mep_pair_fitting_subject(self):
+        seg_a, seg_b, bend, _ = self._setup_joined_pair()
+        rels = tool.Connection.find_rels(seg_a, seg_b)
+        assert rels == [(bend, "mep-pair-fitting")]
+
+    def test_disconnect_rel_removes_the_bridging_fitting(self):
+        """The end-to-end contract: dispatch removes the fitting from the
+        IFC file, the Blender object is deleted, and a follow-up find_rels
+        on the same pair returns empty — there's nothing left to disconnect."""
+        seg_a, seg_b, bend, bend_obj = self._setup_joined_pair()
+        bend_id = bend.id()
+        bend_obj_name = bend_obj.name
+        ifc_file = tool.Ifc.get()
+
+        bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel(
+            tool.Ifc,
+            tool.Geometry,
+            tool.Model,
+            tool.Connection,
+            subject=bend,
+            kind="mep-pair-fitting",
+            elem=seg_a,
+            partner=seg_b,
+        )
+
+        # The fitting is gone from the IFC file.
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+            ifc_file.by_id(bend_id)
+        # The pair is no longer joined.
+        assert tool.Connection.find_rels(seg_a, seg_b) == []
+        # The Blender object was removed by delete_ifc_object.
+        assert bend_obj_name not in bpy.data.objects
+
+    def test_disconnect_rel_skips_when_subject_is_elem_being_deleted(self):
+        """Cascade-side guard: if the fitting is itself the element being
+        deleted (subject is elem), skip — the deletion is already in flight
+        and re-deleting would crash."""
+        seg_a, seg_b, bend, bend_obj = self._setup_joined_pair()
+        bend_id = bend.id()
+        bend_obj_name = bend_obj.name
+
+        bonsai.core.connection.disconnect_rel(
+            tool.Ifc,
+            tool.Geometry,
+            tool.Model,
+            tool.Connection,
+            subject=bend,
+            kind="mep-pair-fitting",
+            elem=bend,
+            partner=seg_a,
+            skip_elem_recreate=True,
+        )
+
+        # Fitting still present — the dispatch correctly skipped.
+        assert tool.Ifc.get().by_id(bend_id).id() == bend_id
+        assert bend_obj_name in bpy.data.objects

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_distribution_fit_smoke.py

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Smoke coverage for ``RegenerateDistributionElement`` and
+``FitFlowSegments``.
+
+Both operators carry substantial branching that the bend / port test
+files don't reach. These tests pin:
+
+- the operator-registration contract (bl_idname / bl_label / bl_options),
+- ``FitFlowSegments`` dispatch table — 0 / 1 / mixed-class selections
+  resolve to the documented no-op or operator dispatch without raising,
+- ``RegenerateDistributionElement`` runs on a leaf element (no connected
+  neighbours) without crashing on the recursion entry point.
+
+Deeper geometry-tree behaviour (multi-branch traversal, port-aligned
+translation, segment regrowth) is deferred to integration testing
+against real IFC fixtures; the smoke tests are explicitly the
+oversight-prevention floor, not the full contract."""
+
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+def _segment(ifc_class: str = "IfcFlowSegment"):
+    """Stand-in for an IfcFlowSegment / subclass entity.
+
+    ``is_a("IfcFlowSegment" | <ifc_class>)`` returns True; ``is_a()`` with
+    no args returns the class name (the IfcOpenShell API exposes both
+    forms — ``FitFlowSegments`` calls ``element.is_a()`` to record the
+    selection's class for the mixed-class refusal check)."""
+
+    def fake_is_a(c=None):
+        if c is None:
+            return ifc_class
+        return c in {"IfcFlowSegment", ifc_class}
+
+    e = Mock()
+    e.is_a = fake_is_a
+    return e
+
+
+def _make_op(**fields):
+    op = Mock()
+    for k, v in fields.items():
+        setattr(op, k, v)
+    op.report = MagicMock()
+    return op
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Registration smoke
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_regenerate_distribution_element_is_registered():
+    """``RegenerateDistributionElement`` is the entry point for the
+    distribution-tree repropagation. Pin the bl_idname so a typo in the
+    classes tuple wouldn't silently drop the operator."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    assert mep.RegenerateDistributionElement.bl_idname == "bim.regenerate_distribution_element"
+    assert mep.RegenerateDistributionElement.bl_label == "Regenerate Distribution Element"
+    assert mep.RegenerateDistributionElement.bl_options == {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+
+def test_fit_flow_segments_is_registered():
+    """``FitFlowSegments`` is the cursor-based "add a fitting from the
+    current selection" entry point. Pin the registration contract so the
+    operator stays callable from the workspace tool."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    assert mep.FitFlowSegments.bl_idname == "bim.fit_flow_segments"
+    assert mep.FitFlowSegments.bl_label == "Fit Flow Segments"
+    assert mep.FitFlowSegments.bl_options == {"REGISTER", "UNDO"}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# FitFlowSegments dispatch table
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_fit_flow_segments_with_no_selection_is_noop():
+    """Nothing selected → no fitting type resolved → operator returns
+    without dispatching any ``bim.mep_add_*`` op. The user-facing
+    contract is "this is a tool you fire with a selection"; the silent
+    no-op on empty selection is intentional (no popup, no error)."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    context = MagicMock()
+    context.selected_objects = []
+
+    op = _make_op()
+    with patch.object(mep.MEPAddObstruction, "_execute", return_value=None) as obstruction, patch.object(
+        mep.MEPAddBend, "_execute", return_value=None
+    ) as bend, patch.object(mep.MEPAddTransition, "_execute", return_value=None) as transition:
+        mep.FitFlowSegments._execute(op, context=context)
+
+    obstruction.assert_not_called()
+    bend.assert_not_called()
+    transition.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_fit_flow_segments_with_single_segment_dispatches_obstruction():
+    """Exactly one IfcFlowSegment selected → OBSTRUCTION fitting type,
+    delegates to ``bim.mep_add_obstruction`` which handles the
+    cursor-anchored placement.
+
+    ``bpy.ops`` resolves operator dispatch through Blender's internal id
+    table, not through Python attribute access, so a Python-level patch
+    on ``bpy.ops.bim.mep_add_obstruction`` doesn't intercept the call.
+    Patch the operator's ``_execute`` instead — same effect, exercises
+    the real dispatch path that the user hits at runtime."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    segment_obj = MagicMock()
+    segment_profile = MagicMock()
+    segment_entity = _segment("IfcPipeSegment")
+
+    context = MagicMock()
+    context.selected_objects = [segment_obj]
+
+    op = _make_op()
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get_entity", return_value=segment_entity), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.Model, "get_flow_segment_profile", return_value=segment_profile
+    ), patch.object(mep.MEPAddObstruction, "_execute", return_value=None) as obstruction, patch.object(
+        mep.MEPAddBend, "_execute", return_value=None
+    ) as bend, patch.object(mep.MEPAddTransition, "_execute", return_value=None) as transition:
+        mep.FitFlowSegments._execute(op, context=context)
+
+    assert obstruction.call_count == 1
+    bend.assert_not_called()
+    transition.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_fit_flow_segments_refuses_mixed_pipe_and_duct():
+    """Selecting one IfcPipeSegment + one IfcDuctSegment → the operator
+    bails out before any fitting dispatch. The user-facing path is
+    "select segments of one kind"; mixing pipe + duct would create an
+    invalid IFC fitting type."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    pipe_obj = MagicMock()
+    duct_obj = MagicMock()
+    pipe_entity = _segment("IfcPipeSegment")
+    duct_entity = _segment("IfcDuctSegment")
+    profile = MagicMock()
+
+    context = MagicMock()
+    context.selected_objects = [pipe_obj, duct_obj]
+
+    def fake_get_entity(obj):
+        return pipe_entity if obj is pipe_obj else duct_entity
+
+    op = _make_op()
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get_entity", side_effect=fake_get_entity), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.Model, "get_flow_segment_profile", return_value=profile
+    ), patch.object(mep.MEPAddObstruction, "_execute", return_value=None) as obstruction, patch.object(
+        mep.MEPAddBend, "_execute", return_value=None
+    ) as bend, patch.object(mep.MEPAddTransition, "_execute", return_value=None) as transition:
+        mep.FitFlowSegments._execute(op, context=context)
+
+    obstruction.assert_not_called()
+    bend.assert_not_called()
+    transition.assert_not_called()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# RegenerateDistributionElement
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_regenerate_distribution_element_on_leaf_is_safe():
+    """A distribution element with no connected neighbours → the inner
+    queue stays empty → the operator returns cleanly without entering
+    the per-branch processing path.
+
+    This pins the safety floor: the recursion entry point should not
+    crash on a single-element graph, which is the most common shape
+    when a user fires this operator on an isolated segment."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    leaf_element = _segment("IfcPipeSegment")
+    leaf_obj = MagicMock()
+
+    context = MagicMock()
+    context.active_object = leaf_obj
+
+    fake_active = MagicMock()
+    fake_active.is_a = lambda c: False  # bpy.context.active_object stub
+
+    op = _make_op()
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get_entity", return_value=leaf_element), patch(
+        "ifcopenshell.util.system.get_connected_to", return_value=[]
+    ), patch("ifcopenshell.util.system.get_connected_from", return_value=[]), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.Ifc, "get", return_value=MagicMock()
+    ), patch(
+        "ifcopenshell.util.unit.calculate_unit_scale", return_value=1.0
+    ), patch.object(
+        bpy, "context", new=context
+    ):
+        mep.RegenerateDistributionElement._execute(op, context=context)
+
+    # The contract on a leaf is "nothing to do". No exception, no IFC
+    # mutation. The bpy.ops dispatch table inside process_branch never
+    # fires because queue is empty.

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_port_operators.py

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Behaviour tests for the MEP port operators.
+
+Pins the dispatch contract each operator carries — which IFC mutation
+runs, which user-error path returns CANCELLED, and which fitting types
+are deliberately refused by each entry point. Each test mocks the
+``tool.*`` and ``MEPGenerator`` boundaries so no IFC fixture is needed."""
+
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+def _segment(predefined_type=None):
+    """Stand-in IFC entity that reports ``is_a("IfcFlowSegment")`` True."""
+    e = Mock()
+    e.is_a = lambda c: c == "IfcFlowSegment"
+    e.PredefinedType = predefined_type
+    return e
+
+
+def _fitting(predefined_type=None):
+    """Stand-in IFC fitting entity with an arbitrary ``PredefinedType``."""
+    e = Mock()
+    e.is_a = lambda c: c in ("IfcFlowFitting", "IfcDistributionFlowElement")
+    e.PredefinedType = predefined_type
+    return e
+
+
+def _make_op(_cls, **fields):
+    """Return a Mock standing in for an Operator ``self``. Subclassing a
+    ``bpy.types.Operator`` outside Blender's registration machinery raises
+    a ``bpy_struct.__new__`` error, so each test calls the operator
+    method as an unbound function with this Mock as the first argument."""
+    op = Mock()
+    for k, v in fields.items():
+        setattr(op, k, v)
+    op.report = MagicMock()
+    return op
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# MEPRemoveTerminalFitting
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_remove_terminal_dispatches_obstruction_via_remove_obstruction():
+    """OBSTRUCTION fittings extend the segment to absorb the freed length;
+    the operator routes through ``MEPGenerator().remove_obstruction``
+    rather than the plain delete path."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    segment = _segment()
+    obstruction = _fitting(predefined_type="OBSTRUCTION")
+
+    op = _make_op(mep.MEPRemoveTerminalFitting, segment_id=42, position="END")
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_id.return_value = segment
+
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get", return_value=ifc_file), patch.object(
+        mep, "port_connection_state", return_value="TERMINAL"
+    ), patch.object(mep, "get_connected_element_at_segment_port", return_value=obstruction), patch.object(
+        mep, "MEPGenerator"
+    ) as gen_cls, patch.object(
+        mep.tool.Geometry, "delete_ifc_object"
+    ) as delete:
+        gen_cls.return_value.remove_obstruction.return_value = (obstruction, None)
+        result = mep.MEPRemoveTerminalFitting._execute(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+    gen_cls.return_value.remove_obstruction.assert_called_once_with(segment, False)
+    delete.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_remove_terminal_dispatches_non_obstruction_via_delete():
+    """A standard terminal fitting (cap, isolated terminal) goes through
+    the plain delete path — the segment is not resized."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    segment = _segment()
+    fitting = _fitting(predefined_type=None)
+    fitting_obj = Mock()
+
+    op = _make_op(mep.MEPRemoveTerminalFitting, segment_id=42, position="END")
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_id.return_value = segment
+
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get", return_value=ifc_file), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.Ifc, "get_object", return_value=fitting_obj
+    ), patch.object(mep, "port_connection_state", return_value="TERMINAL"), patch.object(
+        mep, "get_connected_element_at_segment_port", return_value=fitting
+    ), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.Geometry, "delete_ifc_object"
+    ) as delete:
+        result = mep.MEPRemoveTerminalFitting._execute(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+    delete.assert_called_once_with(fitting_obj)
+
+
+def test_remove_terminal_cancels_on_non_terminal_port():
+    """Port state must be TERMINAL for this operator; FREE / JOINED are
+    routed through other operators."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    segment = _segment()
+
+    op = _make_op(mep.MEPRemoveTerminalFitting, segment_id=42, position="END")
+    ifc_file = MagicMock()
+    ifc_file.by_id.return_value = segment
+
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get", return_value=ifc_file), patch.object(
+        mep, "port_connection_state", return_value="JOINED"
+    ):
+        result = mep.MEPRemoveTerminalFitting._execute(op, context=MagicMock())
+
+    assert result == {"CANCELLED"}
+    op.report.assert_called()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SelectMEPPathMembers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_select_path_replaces_selection_with_walked_members():
+    """Happy path: walker returns a small connected network → every
+    member gets ``select_set(True)``; the original active object stays
+    active."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    active = Mock()
+    element = Mock()
+    member_elements = [Mock(), Mock(), Mock()]
+    member_objs = [Mock(), Mock(), Mock()]
+
+    context = MagicMock()
+    context.active_object = active
+    context.view_layer.objects.active = None
+
+    op = _make_op(mep.SelectMEPPathMembers)
+
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get_entity", return_value=element), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.System, "walk_connected_mep_elements", return_value=member_elements
+    ), patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get_object", side_effect=member_objs), patch.object(
+        mep.bpy.ops.object, "select_all"
+    ):
+        result = mep.SelectMEPPathMembers.execute(op, context)
+
+    assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+    for obj in member_objs:
+        obj.select_set.assert_called_once_with(True)
+
+
+def test_select_path_reports_when_walker_returns_empty():
+    """An MEP element with no connected neighbours produces an empty
+    walk; report INFO so the user knows the click registered, return
+    FINISHED so the operator doesn't surface as an error."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    active = Mock()
+    element = Mock()
+
+    context = MagicMock()
+    context.active_object = active
+
+    op = _make_op(mep.SelectMEPPathMembers)
+
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get_entity", return_value=element), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.System, "walk_connected_mep_elements", return_value=[]
+    ):
+        result = mep.SelectMEPPathMembers.execute(op, context)
+
+    assert result == {"FINISHED"}
+    op.report.assert_called()
+
+
+def test_select_path_handles_walker_exception():
+    """The walker can raise on malformed port graphs; the operator must
+    catch and surface as ERROR rather than crashing the operator harness."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    active = Mock()
+    element = Mock()
+
+    context = MagicMock()
+    context.active_object = active
+
+    op = _make_op(mep.SelectMEPPathMembers)
+
+    with patch.object(mep.tool.Ifc, "get_entity", return_value=element), patch.object(
+        mep.tool.System, "walk_connected_mep_elements", side_effect=RuntimeError("malformed port graph")
+    ):
+        result = mep.SelectMEPPathMembers.execute(op, context)
+
+    assert result == {"CANCELLED"}
+    op.report.assert_called()

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_mep_segment_edition.py

@@ -0,0 +1,533 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Unit tests for the pipe/duct segment parametric-edit scaffolding.
+
+Covers three surfaces that ship together as the first MEP dimension-gizmo
+feature:
+
+- ``tool.Parametric.is_pipe_segment`` / ``is_duct_segment`` predicates
+  (registry contract — must be total).
+- ``_segment_world_length`` / ``_preview_segment_via_scale`` /
+  ``_restore_segment_scale`` pure helpers driving the live preview.
+- ``GizmoPipeSegmentEdition`` / ``GizmoDuctSegmentEdition`` class wiring
+  (bl_idname, operator bindings, dimension_gizmo_props, is_element_type).
+
+Full operator round-trips (enable → drag → finish → IFC commit) need a real
+Blender + IFC scene and are deferred to a later integration session."""
+
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+import bpy
+import ifcopenshell
+import pytest
+from mathutils import Matrix, Vector
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Predicates — total over arbitrary IFC entity input
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "ifc_class,is_pipe_expected,is_duct_expected",
+    [
+        ("IfcPipeSegment", True, False),
+        ("IfcDuctSegment", False, True),
+        ("IfcFlowSegment", False, False),  # base class — neither pipe nor duct alone
+        ("IfcPipeFitting", False, False),  # fitting, not a segment
+        ("IfcDuctFitting", False, False),
+        ("IfcWall", False, False),
+        ("IfcAnnotation", False, False),  # bare schema element with no MEP semantics
+    ],
+)
+def test_is_pipe_or_duct_segment_predicate_truth_table(ifc_class, is_pipe_expected, is_duct_expected):
+    """The two predicates must classify every IFC class correctly AND
+    return False (not raise) on classes that have nothing to do with MEP.
+    Pinned alongside the registry-wide predicate-totality test so a
+    regression in either direction surfaces in this file too."""
+    from bonsai import tool
+
+    probe = ifcopenshell.file(schema="IFC4").create_entity(ifc_class)
+    assert tool.Parametric.is_pipe_segment(probe) is is_pipe_expected
+    assert tool.Parametric.is_duct_segment(probe) is is_duct_expected
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _segment_world_length — pure geometric helper
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_segment_world_length_returns_axis_magnitude():
+    """The length read here drives both the dimension gizmo's display and
+    the snap_length captured on enable. Pin the math on a known axis."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _segment_world_length
+
+    fake_obj = object()
+    axis = (Vector((1.0, 2.0, 3.0)), Vector((1.0, 2.0, 5.5)))
+    with patch("bonsai.tool.Model.get_flow_segment_axis", return_value=axis):
+        assert _segment_world_length(fake_obj) == pytest.approx(2.5)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Preview helpers — obj.scale.z manipulation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class _FakeObj:
+    """Stand-in for bpy.types.Object exposing only ``scale`` — enough for
+    the preview helpers, which never touch IFC."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.scale = Vector((1.0, 1.0, 1.0))
+
+
+def test_preview_segment_via_scale_sets_z_to_ratio():
+    """The visible-stretch ratio composes ``props_length / mesh_local_length`` where
+    ``mesh_local_length = snap_length / snap_object_scale_z``."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _preview_segment_via_scale
+
+    obj = _FakeObj()
+    _preview_segment_via_scale(obj, props_length=2.0, snap_length=1.0, snap_object_scale_z=1.0)
+    assert obj.scale.z == pytest.approx(2.0)
+
+    _preview_segment_via_scale(obj, props_length=0.5, snap_length=1.0, snap_object_scale_z=1.0)
+    assert obj.scale.z == pytest.approx(0.5)
+
+
+def test_preview_segment_via_scale_floors_at_min_value():
+    """``props.length`` is clamped at FloatProperty min=0.01; the helper still
+    defends against zero / negative so a runaway value can't invert the segment."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _preview_segment_via_scale
+
+    obj = _FakeObj()
+    _preview_segment_via_scale(obj, props_length=0.0, snap_length=1.0, snap_object_scale_z=1.0)
+    assert obj.scale.z == pytest.approx(0.01)
+
+
+def test_preview_segment_via_scale_skips_when_snap_is_zero():
+    """A zero ``snap_length`` would divide by zero — helper skips silently."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _preview_segment_via_scale
+
+    obj = _FakeObj()
+    obj.scale.z = 3.0
+    _preview_segment_via_scale(obj, props_length=1.0, snap_length=0.0, snap_object_scale_z=1.0)
+    # No change.
+    assert obj.scale.z == pytest.approx(3.0)
+
+
+def test_restore_segment_scale_resets_z_to_target():
+    """Pin that the reset only touches Z; X/Y stay whatever the user set."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _restore_segment_scale_to
+
+    obj = _FakeObj()
+    obj.scale = Vector((0.5, 0.7, 4.2))
+    _restore_segment_scale_to(obj, 1.0)
+    assert obj.scale.x == pytest.approx(0.5)
+    assert obj.scale.y == pytest.approx(0.7)
+    assert obj.scale.z == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Gizmo group class wiring — registration and config
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "gizmo_cls_name,bl_idname,is_element_predicate",
+    [
+        ("GizmoPipeSegmentEdition", "OBJECT_GGT_bim_pipe_segment_edition", "is_pipe_segment"),
+        ("GizmoDuctSegmentEdition", "OBJECT_GGT_bim_duct_segment_edition", "is_duct_segment"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_gizmo_group_class_wiring(gizmo_cls_name, bl_idname, is_element_predicate):
+    """Each gizmo group must:
+    - declare the expected ``bl_idname`` (so it actually registers under that name);
+    - have the matching ``is_element_type`` delegate to the right predicate
+      (so it polls in for the right IFC class).
+    """
+    from bonsai import tool
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    cls = getattr(mep, gizmo_cls_name)
+    assert cls.bl_idname == bl_idname
+    predicate = getattr(tool.Parametric, is_element_predicate)
+    fake_element = Mock()
+    fake_element.is_a.return_value = True
+    with patch.object(tool.Parametric, is_element_predicate, side_effect=predicate) as p, patch.object(
+        tool.System, "has_parametric_body", return_value=True
+    ):
+        cls.is_element_type(fake_element)
+    assert p.called, f"{gizmo_cls_name}.is_element_type did not delegate to Parametric.{is_element_predicate}"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "gizmo_cls_name,enable_op,finish_op,cancel_op",
+    [
+        (
+            "GizmoPipeSegmentEdition",
+            "bim.enable_editing_pipe_segment",
+            "bim.finish_editing_pipe_segment",
+            "bim.cancel_editing_pipe_segment",
+        ),
+        (
+            "GizmoDuctSegmentEdition",
+            "bim.enable_editing_duct_segment",
+            "bim.finish_editing_duct_segment",
+            "bim.cancel_editing_duct_segment",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_gizmo_lifecycle_bindings_reference_registered_operators(gizmo_cls_name, enable_op, finish_op, cancel_op):
+    """Catches the silent-regression where the gizmo's enable/finish/cancel
+    string drifts away from the actual operator ``bl_idname``."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    cls = getattr(mep, gizmo_cls_name)
+    assert cls.enable_editing_operator == enable_op
+    assert cls.finish_editing_operator == finish_op
+    assert cls.cancel_editing_operator == cancel_op
+    # And the operators are actually registered.
+    for op in (enable_op, finish_op, cancel_op):
+        namespace, _, verb = op.partition(".")
+        assert hasattr(
+            getattr(bpy.ops, namespace), verb
+        ), f"{gizmo_cls_name} references {op!r} which is not a registered operator"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("gizmo_cls_name", ["GizmoPipeSegmentEdition", "GizmoDuctSegmentEdition"])
+def test_gizmo_dimension_gizmo_props_has_single_length_entry(gizmo_cls_name):
+    """Phase 1 ships a single dimension (segment length). Pin the shape so
+    a Phase 2 addition (diameter / width / height) is an intentional
+    expansion rather than a drive-by edit."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import DimensionGizmoConfig
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    cls = getattr(mep, gizmo_cls_name)
+    assert len(cls.dimension_gizmo_props) == 1
+    config = cls.dimension_gizmo_props[0]
+    assert isinstance(config, DimensionGizmoConfig)
+    assert config.attr_name == "length"
+    assert tuple(config.axis) == (0, 0, 1)
+    assert config.min_value == pytest.approx(0.01)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("gizmo_cls_name", ["GizmoPipeSegmentEdition", "GizmoDuctSegmentEdition"])
+def test_length_dimension_has_matrix_position_so_rotation_is_respected(gizmo_cls_name):
+    """Regression guard for "edit-mode length dimension doesn't take local
+    object rotation". Without ``matrix_position`` set, ``update_dimension_gizmos``
+    falls back to ``base_matrix = Identity`` and the gizmo's intrinsic +X
+    visual line is never rotated to the configured ``axis`` — the dimension
+    renders perpendicular to the segment on a rotated pipe. Setting
+    ``matrix_position`` (even to ``(0, 0, 0)``) routes through
+    ``compose_gizmo_matrix`` which applies ``get_axis_rotation_matrix(axis)``
+    so the line aligns with the segment's local +Z (extrusion axis) in
+    world space."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    cls = getattr(mep, gizmo_cls_name)
+    config = cls.dimension_gizmo_props[0]
+    assert config.matrix_position is not None, (
+        f"{gizmo_cls_name} length dimension is missing matrix_position — the gizmo will "
+        "render along the object's local +X axis instead of the segment's local +Z."
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Extend-to-cursor — operator + element-specific gizmo wiring
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "gizmo_cls_name,extend_operator",
+    [
+        ("GizmoPipeSegmentEdition", "bim.extend_pipe_segment_to_cursor"),
+        ("GizmoDuctSegmentEdition", "bim.extend_duct_segment_to_cursor"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_extend_operator_binding(gizmo_cls_name, extend_operator):
+    """Each segment gizmo group must reference the matching extend operator
+    AND that operator must actually be registered. Catches the silent
+    regression where someone renames the extend bl_idname without updating
+    the gizmo group's ``_extend_operator`` class attribute."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import mep
+
+    cls = getattr(mep, gizmo_cls_name)
+    assert cls._extend_operator == extend_operator
+    namespace, _, verb = extend_operator.partition(".")
+    assert hasattr(
+        getattr(bpy.ops, namespace), verb
+    ), f"{gizmo_cls_name} references {extend_operator!r} which is not a registered operator"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("feature_attr", ["pipe_segment", "duct_segment"])
+def test_gizmo_preferences_field_exists(feature_attr):
+    """``GizmoPreferences`` must carry pipe_segment + duct_segment PointerProperties
+    so ``get_gizmo_prefs()`` on the MEP gizmo groups resolves to a real PropertyGroup."""
+    import bonsai.bim.ui as ui
+
+    assert feature_attr in ui.GizmoPreferences.__annotations__, (
+        f"GizmoPreferences is missing the {feature_attr} PointerProperty; "
+        f"MEP gizmo groups' get_gizmo_prefs() would raise AttributeError."
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Lifecycle operators are registered
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "op",
+    [
+        "bim.enable_editing_pipe_segment",
+        "bim.finish_editing_pipe_segment",
+        "bim.cancel_editing_pipe_segment",
+        "bim.extend_pipe_segment_to_cursor",
+        "bim.enable_editing_duct_segment",
+        "bim.finish_editing_duct_segment",
+        "bim.cancel_editing_duct_segment",
+        "bim.extend_duct_segment_to_cursor",
+    ],
+)
+def test_segment_operators_are_registered(op):
+    """Smoke test mirroring ``test_parametric_registry``'s
+    ``test_every_entry_has_enable_op_registered`` for the operators added
+    in this round. Catches the silent regression where the classes tuple
+    in ``__init__.py`` drops one of them."""
+    namespace, _, verb = op.partition(".")
+    assert hasattr(getattr(bpy.ops, namespace), verb), f"Operator {op!r} is not registered."
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator._compute_extend_preview_line — pure helper
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_extend_preview_line_returns_none_for_degenerate_segment():
+    """A zero-length segment has no endpoint to draw from. Pin so a future
+    refactor doesn't divide-by-zero or render a phantom line at the
+    object origin."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator
+
+    result = MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator._compute_extend_preview_line(
+        matrix_world=Matrix.Identity(4),
+        cursor_world=Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
+        current_length=0.0,
+    )
+    assert result is None
+
+
+def test_extend_preview_line_returns_none_when_cursor_at_current_end():
+    """If the cursor projection matches the current segment length exactly,
+    the extend operator would be a no-op — don't render the line either."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator
+
+    result = MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator._compute_extend_preview_line(
+        matrix_world=Matrix.Identity(4),
+        cursor_world=Vector((0.0, 0.0, 1.5)),
+        current_length=1.5,
+    )
+    assert result is None
+
+
+def test_extend_preview_line_renders_extension_when_cursor_past_end():
+    """Happy path: cursor past current end → line runs from current end to
+    the cursor's projected length. Identity matrix: local-Z maps 1:1 to
+    world-Z. Pin the endpoints exactly."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator
+
+    result = MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator._compute_extend_preview_line(
+        matrix_world=Matrix.Identity(4),
+        cursor_world=Vector((0.0, 0.0, 3.0)),
+        current_length=1.0,
+    )
+    assert result is not None
+    start, end = result
+    assert tuple(start) == pytest.approx((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
+    assert tuple(end) == pytest.approx((0.0, 0.0, 3.0))
+
+
+def test_extend_preview_line_renders_trim_when_cursor_inside_segment():
+    """Cursor inside the segment → line runs from current end BACK to the
+    projected (shorter) length."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator
+
+    result = MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator._compute_extend_preview_line(
+        matrix_world=Matrix.Identity(4),
+        cursor_world=Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.4)),
+        current_length=1.0,
+    )
+    assert result is not None
+    start, end = result
+    assert tuple(start) == pytest.approx((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
+    assert tuple(end) == pytest.approx((0.0, 0.0, 0.4))
+
+
+def test_extend_preview_line_follows_raw_projection_behind_segment_origin():
+    """When the cursor's projected Z is negative (behind segment origin),
+    the preview line must follow the raw cursor projection — the user is
+    pointing somewhere and expects to see where, even though the operator
+    would floor the actual commit. Matching the operator's clamp would
+    hide the line whenever the cursor crossed the segment origin."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator
+
+    result = MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator._compute_extend_preview_line(
+        matrix_world=Matrix.Identity(4),
+        cursor_world=Vector((0.0, 0.0, -2.0)),
+        current_length=1.0,
+    )
+    assert result is not None
+    start, end = result
+    assert tuple(start) == pytest.approx((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
+    assert tuple(end) == pytest.approx((0.0, 0.0, -2.0))
+
+
+def test_extend_preview_line_respects_object_rotation():
+    """A rotated segment (90° around Y) should produce world-space endpoints
+    rotated accordingly. Pin so a future refactor doesn't drop the
+    matrix_world multiplication."""
+    import math
+
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.decorator import MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator
+
+    rotation = Matrix.Rotation(math.pi / 2, 4, "Y")
+    result = MEPSegmentExtendPreviewDecorator._compute_extend_preview_line(
+        matrix_world=rotation,
+        cursor_world=Vector((3.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
+        current_length=1.0,
+    )
+    assert result is not None
+    start, end = result
+    # local (0, 0, 1) rotated by 90° around Y → world (1, 0, 0).
+    assert tuple(start) == pytest.approx((1.0, 0.0, 0.0), abs=1e-6)
+    # local (0, 0, 3) rotated by 90° around Y → world (3, 0, 0).
+    assert tuple(end) == pytest.approx((3.0, 0.0, 0.0), abs=1e-6)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Lifecycle drift handling — Enable / Finish / Cancel must commit / restore
+# matrix_world ↔ IFC ObjectPlacement at the appropriate lifecycle points.
+# The AST forward-compat guard pins "a drift hook IS called somewhere"; these
+# tests pin "the hook is called in the right branch with the right args."
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _make_segment_context(length=2.0, snap_length=2.0, scale_z=1.0):
+    """Build (context, props, obj, element) fakes for the MEP edit-lifecycle bases.
+    The bases access ``self.__class__._predicate`` / ``_props_getter`` so
+    callers must instantiate a concrete test subclass and call
+    ``instance._execute(context)`` rather than passing a Mock as ``self``."""
+    obj = Mock(name="obj")
+    obj.scale = Vector((1.0, 1.0, scale_z))
+    element = Mock(name="element")
+    props = Mock(name="props")
+    props.length = length
+    props.snap_length = snap_length
+    props.snap_object_scale_z = scale_z
+    props.mesh_dirty = False
+
+    context = Mock(name="context")
+    context.active_object = obj
+    return context, props, obj, element
+
+
+def _concrete_mep_mixin(props):
+    """Build a concrete ``_MEPSegmentEditMixin`` subclass that bypasses the
+    IFC predicate gate and returns the supplied ``props`` from ``_get_props``.
+    The unified mixin replaced the three-base-class lifecycle pattern; tests now
+    target the single mixin and override the two ParametricEditMixinBase
+    hooks instead of class-level ``_predicate`` / ``_props_getter``."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.mep import _MEPSegmentEditMixin
+
+    class _ConcreteMEPMixin(_MEPSegmentEditMixin):
+        @classmethod
+        def _is_element_type(cls, element):
+            return True
+
+        @classmethod
+        def _get_props(cls, obj):
+            return props
+
+    return _ConcreteMEPMixin
+
+
+def test_enable_pipe_segment_commits_pre_edit_placement_drift():
+    """Enable must call ``commit_placement_if_moved(obj, apply_scale=False)``
+    BEFORE ``_segment_world_length`` captures ``snap_length``. Without the
+    commit, snap_length is read from a dragged matrix_world while the IFC
+    ObjectPlacement is stale — Finish's set_depth would then write
+    representation coords relative to the wrong origin."""
+    context, props, obj, element = _make_segment_context()
+    cls = _concrete_mep_mixin(props)
+
+    with (
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool") as mock_tool,
+        patch("bonsai.bim.parametric_lifecycle.tool", mock_tool),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep._segment_world_length", return_value=2.0),
+    ):
+        mock_tool.Ifc.get_entity.return_value = element
+        cls()._enable_targets(context)
+
+    mock_tool.Geometry.commit_placement_if_moved.assert_called_once_with(obj, apply_scale=False)
+
+
+def test_finish_pipe_segment_commits_drift_when_no_length_change():
+    """Finish without a length change must STILL commit matrix_world drift —
+    the bug class that motivated this guard. The conditional ``set_depth``
+    branch covers the length-changed path transitively; the unconditional
+    ``commit_placement_if_moved`` after the if/else closes the silent-drop
+    path."""
+    # length == snap_length → no-op session.
+    context, props, obj, element = _make_segment_context(length=2.0, snap_length=2.0)
+    cls = _concrete_mep_mixin(props)
+
+    with (
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool") as mock_tool,
+        patch("bonsai.bim.parametric_lifecycle.tool", mock_tool),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.DumbProfileJoiner") as mock_joiner,
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep._restore_segment_mesh_if_dirty"),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep._restore_segment_scale_to"),
+    ):
+        mock_tool.Ifc.get_entity.return_value = element
+        cls()._finish_targets(context)
+        mock_joiner.return_value.set_depth.assert_not_called()  # no-length branch
+
+    mock_tool.Geometry.commit_placement_if_moved.assert_called_once_with(obj)
+
+
+def test_cancel_pipe_segment_delegates_to_restore_or_rebaseline():
+    """Cancel must call ``tool.Geometry.restore_or_rebaseline_placement`` so
+    matrix_world reverts in lockstep with the props draft. The helper owns
+    the is_moved / ObjectPlacement gate."""
+    context, props, obj, element = _make_segment_context()
+    cls = _concrete_mep_mixin(props)
+
+    with (
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep.tool") as mock_tool,
+        patch("bonsai.bim.parametric_lifecycle.tool", mock_tool),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.mep._restore_segment_mesh_if_dirty"),
+    ):
+        mock_tool.Ifc.get_entity.return_value = element
+        cls()._cancel_targets(context)
+
+    mock_tool.Geometry.restore_or_rebaseline_placement.assert_called_once_with(obj, element)

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_merge_wall_convention.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Pins the active-is-survivor merge convention.
+
+``bim.merge_wall`` must consume the non-active selection into the active
+one — matching Blender's ``OBJECT_OT_join`` / ``MESH_OT_merge`` "at
+last" convention. Users following Ctrl+J muscle-memory click the
+surviving wall last; the operator must align with that expectation."""
+
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.wall
+
+
+def _run_perform(active, other):
+    """Invoke ``MergeWall._perform`` as an unbound function with the
+    two wall stubs in the selection, patching the heavy IFC / Blender
+    side effects. Returns the ``(merger_arg_1, merger_arg_2)`` actually
+    passed to ``DumbWallJoiner.merge``."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.wall import MergeWall
+
+    context = SimpleNamespace(active_object=active)
+    captured_call = {}
+
+    def _capture_merge(self, a, b):
+        captured_call["wall1"] = a
+        captured_call["wall2"] = b
+
+    fake_self = SimpleNamespace()
+
+    with (
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=MagicMock(name="ifc_file")),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.tool.Model.get_selected_mesh_objects", return_value=[active, other]),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.DumbWallJoiner.__init__", return_value=None),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall.DumbWallJoiner.merge", new=_capture_merge),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall._maybe_resync_wall_props_from_ifc"),
+        patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.wall._regenerate_walls") as regen_walls,
+    ):
+        result = MergeWall._perform(fake_self, context)
+
+    return captured_call, regen_walls, result
+
+
+def test_active_wall_is_passed_as_survivor_to_merge():
+    """The first argument to ``DumbWallJoiner.merge`` is the survivor;
+    the active object must occupy that slot so the wall the user clicked
+    last absorbs the other."""
+    active = SimpleNamespace(name="active")
+    other = SimpleNamespace(name="other")
+
+    captured, _regen, _ = _run_perform(active, other)
+
+    assert captured["wall1"] is active
+    assert captured["wall2"] is other
+
+
+def test_post_merge_resync_targets_active_not_consumed():
+    """After the merge ``_regenerate_walls`` rebuilds the survivor's
+    body. Targeting the consumed wall would crash on a freed ``bpy_struct``;
+    the survivor (active) is the only valid target."""
+    active = SimpleNamespace(name="active")
+    other = SimpleNamespace(name="other")
+
+    _, regen_walls, _ = _run_perform(active, other)
+
+    regen_walls.assert_called_once_with([active])

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_preview_base.py

@@ -32,12 +32,6 @@ import pytest
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
-def _require_real_bpy():
-    if not isinstance(bpy, types.ModuleType) or hasattr(bpy, "_mock_name"):
-        pytest.skip("requires real Blender (bpy is mocked or absent)")
-
-
 def _registry():
     from bonsai.bim.module.model.preview_base import PREVIEW_CANCEL_OPS
 
@@ -139,6 +133,55 @@ class TestActivationCycle:
             assert props.is_active is False, f"discard_pending_previews left '{attr}' active"
 
 
+class TestClearPreviewState:
+    """``clear_preview_state`` is the shared cleanup routine every preview
+    operator calls on commit / cancel. The contract is: ``is_active`` flips
+    to False, every ``*_id`` IntProperty zeroes, everything else stays."""
+
+    def test_clears_is_active_and_id_fields_on_real_property_groups(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.model.preview_base import clear_preview_state
+
+        registered = _registered_previews()
+        if not registered:
+            pytest.skip("No previews wired in this build — registry-only entries")
+
+        for attr, _, props in registered:
+            # Seed every *_id IntProperty with a non-zero sentinel and flip
+            # the activity flag so the helper has something to clear.
+            id_fields = [
+                name for name, rna in props.bl_rna.properties.items() if name.endswith("_id") and rna.type == "INT"
+            ]
+            assert id_fields, f"Preview '{attr}' has no *_id IntProperty — registry shape changed"
+            for name in id_fields:
+                setattr(props, name, 42)
+            props.is_active = True
+
+            clear_preview_state(props)
+
+            assert props.is_active is False, f"Preview '{attr}' is_active not cleared"
+            for name in id_fields:
+                assert getattr(props, name) == 0, f"Preview '{attr}' field '{name}' not zeroed"
+
+    def test_leaves_non_id_fields_untouched(self):
+        """Non-``*_id`` fields (FloatProperty params like ``radius``,
+        ``start_length``) must survive the reset — they re-seed on the next
+        enable, so untouching them here avoids a redundant write."""
+        from bonsai.bim.module.model.preview_base import clear_preview_state
+
+        bend = getattr(_preview_umbrella(), "bend", None)
+        if bend is None:
+            pytest.skip("Bend preview not wired in this build")
+
+        bend.is_active = True
+        bend.start_length = 0.42
+        bend.radius = 0.99
+        clear_preview_state(bend)
+
+        assert bend.is_active is False
+        assert bend.start_length == pytest.approx(0.42)
+        assert bend.radius == pytest.approx(0.99)
+
+
 class TestSaveOnDiscardWired:
     """Pins that the SaveProject operator clears preview state before writing
     the IFC file — a stuck is_active flag persisted through the save would

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_railing_lifecycle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Unit coverage for the ``_RailingEditMixin`` overrides and the lifecycle
+behaviour railing inherits from ``PathPreservingEditMixin``.
+
+The parent short-circuit (skip the IFC commit / viewport rebuild when the
+draft is identical to the stored pset) lives in
+``PathPreservingEditMixin``; the tests below verify railing's subclass
+honours that contract by inheritance, then pin the railing-specific
+viewport-restore dispatch:
+
+- Finish / Cancel no-op short-circuit: inherited from the parent — verified
+  here because railing was the original consumer that motivated the
+  optimisation.
+- ``_RailingEditMixin._restore_viewport_after_cancel`` dispatch: WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL
+  reloads the high-poly Body representation via ``switch_representation``;
+  FRAMELESS_PANEL rebuilds the bmesh preview via
+  ``update_railing_modifier_bmesh``. This is the per-type branch that used
+  to live in ``_cancel_one`` and now lives in the viewport-restore hook the
+  parent's ``_cancel_one`` calls.
+"""
+
+from unittest import mock
+
+import pytest
+
+from test.bim.conftest import _FakePropsBase
+from test.bim.conftest import make_lifecycle_obj as _make_obj
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class _FakeRailingProps(_FakePropsBase):
+    """Stand-in for ``BIMRailingProperties`` — adds ``railing_type`` on top of
+    the shared parametric-edit contract. Starts in ``is_editing=True`` because
+    the railing-specific overrides under test only fire on Finish / Cancel,
+    not on Enable."""
+
+    def __init__(self, railing_type: str = "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", general: dict | None = None):
+        super().__init__(general=general if general is not None else {"railing_type": railing_type, "height": 1.0})
+        self.railing_type = railing_type
+        self.is_editing = True
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def patched_railing():
+    """Patch the railing module's external references for unit testing.
+
+    ``_RailingEditMixin`` and the parent lifecycle reach for
+    ``tool.Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data``, ``tool.Ifc.get_entity``,
+    ``ifcopenshell.util.representation.get_representation``,
+    ``bonsai.core.geometry.switch_representation``, and the module-level
+    ``update_railing_modifier_bmesh`` — each looked up through the railing
+    module's own bindings, so we patch them there.
+
+    ``parametric_lifecycle.tool`` is patched separately so the parent's
+    ``_resolve`` and ``_cancel_one`` can read ``tool.Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data``
+    without falling through to the real Blender bindings.
+
+    Uses ``mock.patch.object`` with a direct module reference rather than
+    the dotted-string form: ``mock.patch("bonsai.bim.module.model.railing.bonsai")``
+    needs ``pkgutil.resolve_name`` to traverse ``bonsai → bim → module → …``,
+    which fails at the ``bonsai.bim`` step until that subpackage has been
+    imported elsewhere. The direct-object form sidesteps the resolution.
+
+    Returns a dict for tests to seed return values and assert call sites.
+    """
+    from bonsai.bim import parametric_lifecycle
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model import railing
+
+    with (
+        mock.patch.object(railing, "tool") as mock_tool,
+        mock.patch.object(railing, "ifcopenshell") as mock_ifc,
+        mock.patch.object(railing, "bonsai") as mock_bonsai,
+        mock.patch.object(railing, "update_railing_modifier_bmesh") as mock_update_bmesh,
+        mock.patch.object(parametric_lifecycle, "tool") as mock_pl_tool,
+    ):
+        # _resolve will be overridden on the test subclass below so the
+        # parametric_lifecycle.tool patch isn't needed for that path, but the
+        # parent's _cancel_one / _finish_one still call
+        # tool.Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data and would otherwise miss.
+        mock_tool.Ifc.get_entity.return_value = mock.Mock(name="entity")
+        yield {
+            "tool": mock_tool,
+            "ifcopenshell": mock_ifc,
+            "bonsai": mock_bonsai,
+            "update_bmesh": mock_update_bmesh,
+            "pl_tool": mock_pl_tool,
+        }
+
+
+def _railing_test_subclass(props):
+    """Build a ``_RailingEditMixin`` subclass that bypasses ``_resolve``.
+
+    The base ``_resolve`` reads ``tool.Ifc.get_entity`` from
+    ``parametric_lifecycle.tool`` (a separate import from the railing
+    module's ``tool``). Overriding it here keeps the test patches local
+    to the railing module and the hook closures local to the test."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.railing import _RailingEditMixin
+
+    test_element = mock.Mock(name="ifc_element")
+
+    class _TestRailingMixin(_RailingEditMixin):
+        pset_updates: mock.MagicMock = mock.MagicMock(name="_update_pset")
+        ifc_data_updates: mock.MagicMock = mock.MagicMock(name="_update_modifier_ifc_data")
+        bmesh_updates: mock.MagicMock = mock.MagicMock(name="_restore_viewport_after_cancel")
+
+        @classmethod
+        def _resolve(cls, obj):
+            return test_element, props
+
+        @classmethod
+        def _update_pset(cls, element, data):
+            cls.pset_updates(element, data)
+
+        @classmethod
+        def _update_modifier_ifc_data(cls, obj, context):
+            cls.ifc_data_updates(obj, context)
+
+        @classmethod
+        def _restore_viewport_after_cancel(cls, obj, context):
+            cls.bmesh_updates(obj, context)
+
+        # The base _post_load_data JSON-serialises path_data; bypass that
+        # here so the round-trip stays a plain dict and tests can compare
+        # by reference / equality without re-parsing.
+        @classmethod
+        def _post_load_data(cls, data):
+            return dict(data)
+
+    return _TestRailingMixin, test_element
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _RailingEditMixin._finish_one
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_finish_one_short_circuits_when_draft_matches_stored(patched_railing):
+    """Enable → Finish without any property edit must NOT write to IFC.
+
+    Without this, every "open Edit, click Validate immediately" cycle
+    would create a fresh ``IfcShapeRepresentation``, pollute the file's
+    representation list, and burn an undo entry — the user-visible
+    regression that motivated the short-circuit.
+
+    Behaviour now inherited from ``PathPreservingEditMixin``; railing keeps
+    the coverage as the original consumer of the contract.
+    """
+    stored = {"railing_type": "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", "height": 1.0}
+    props = _FakeRailingProps(general=dict(stored))
+    obj = _make_obj(props)
+    patched_railing["pl_tool"].Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data.return_value = {
+        "data_dict": {**stored, "path_data": {"verts": [], "edges": []}},
+    }
+
+    cls, _element = _railing_test_subclass(props)
+    cls._finish_one(obj, mock.Mock(name="context"))
+
+    assert props.is_editing is False, "is_editing must still flip even on no-op"
+    cls.pset_updates.assert_not_called()
+    cls.ifc_data_updates.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_finish_one_writes_when_draft_differs(patched_railing):
+    """The complement of the short-circuit: a real property change must
+    flow through to ``_update_pset`` + ``_update_modifier_ifc_data``."""
+    stored = {"railing_type": "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", "height": 1.0}
+    # Draft height differs: simulating a user edit.
+    props = _FakeRailingProps(general={"railing_type": "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", "height": 1.5})
+    obj = _make_obj(props)
+    patched_railing["pl_tool"].Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data.return_value = {
+        "data_dict": {**stored, "path_data": {"verts": [], "edges": []}},
+    }
+
+    cls, element = _railing_test_subclass(props)
+    cls._finish_one(obj, mock.Mock(name="context"))
+
+    assert props.is_editing is False
+    cls.pset_updates.assert_called_once()
+    # The pset must receive the DRAFT data, not the stored data — that's the
+    # whole point of Finish committing the user's edits.
+    written = cls.pset_updates.call_args[0][1]
+    assert written["height"] == 1.5
+    cls.ifc_data_updates.assert_called_once_with(obj, mock.ANY)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _RailingEditMixin._cancel_one
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_cancel_one_short_circuits_when_draft_matches_stored(patched_railing):
+    """Cancel-without-changes is asymmetrically expensive without this guard:
+    ``switch_representation`` re-tessellates the IfcSweptDiskSolid and is
+    visibly slow on a long handrail. When nothing changed, the mesh on
+    screen is still the committed IFC representation (the preview only
+    builds on a property change) — skip the reload entirely.
+
+    Behaviour now inherited from ``PathPreservingEditMixin``; railing keeps
+    the coverage as the original consumer of the contract.
+    """
+    stored = {"railing_type": "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", "height": 1.0}
+    props = _FakeRailingProps(general=dict(stored))
+    obj = _make_obj(props)
+    patched_railing["pl_tool"].Model.get_modeling_bbim_pset_data.return_value = {
+        "data_dict": {**stored, "path_data": {"verts": [], "edges": []}},
+    }
+
+    cls, _element = _railing_test_subclass(props)
+    cls._cancel_one(obj, mock.Mock(name="context"))
+
+    assert props.is_editing is False
+    patched_railing["bonsai"].core.geometry.switch_representation.assert_not_called()
+    patched_railing["update_bmesh"].assert_not_called()
+    cls.bmesh_updates.assert_not_called()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _RailingEditMixin._restore_viewport_after_cancel — per-type viewport-restore dispatch
+#
+# The parent's _cancel_one calls cls._restore_viewport_after_cancel whenever
+# the draft differs from the stored pset. Railing's override branches on
+# railing_type so WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL reloads the high-poly Body
+# representation rather than rebuilding the low-poly cylinder-segment preview.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_restore_viewport_wall_mounted_handrail_switches_representation(patched_railing):
+    """WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL restore must call ``switch_representation`` with
+    the Body representation — the preview is viewport-only (low-poly cylinder)
+    and would persist visibly without the reload."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.railing import _RailingEditMixin
+
+    props = _FakeRailingProps(railing_type="WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL")
+    obj = _make_obj(props)
+    patched_railing["tool"].Model.get_railing_props.return_value = props
+    body_repr = mock.Mock(name="body_representation")
+    patched_railing["ifcopenshell"].util.representation.get_representation.return_value = body_repr
+
+    _RailingEditMixin._restore_viewport_after_cancel(obj, mock.Mock(name="context"))
+
+    patched_railing["bonsai"].core.geometry.switch_representation.assert_called_once()
+    kwargs = patched_railing["bonsai"].core.geometry.switch_representation.call_args.kwargs
+    assert kwargs["obj"] is obj
+    assert kwargs["representation"] is body_repr
+    # Must NOT fall through to the FRAMELESS bmesh-rebuild path.
+    patched_railing["update_bmesh"].assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_restore_viewport_frameless_panel_calls_module_bmesh_rebuild(patched_railing):
+    """FRAMELESS_PANEL's bmesh IS the canonical mesh — there's no IFC
+    swept-disk solid to reload. The restore must delegate to the module-level
+    ``update_railing_modifier_bmesh`` rebuilder rather than swap representations."""
+    from bonsai.bim.module.model.railing import _RailingEditMixin
+
+    props = _FakeRailingProps(railing_type="FRAMELESS_PANEL")
+    obj = _make_obj(props)
+    patched_railing["tool"].Model.get_railing_props.return_value = props
+    ctx = mock.Mock(name="context")
+
+    _RailingEditMixin._restore_viewport_after_cancel(obj, ctx)
+
+    patched_railing["update_bmesh"].assert_called_once_with(ctx)
+    patched_railing["bonsai"].core.geometry.switch_representation.assert_not_called()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _get_railing_path_anchor: tests removed.
+#
+# The schematic-redesign branch replaced ``GizmoRailingEdition`` with
+# ``GizmoRailingSchematic``, which anchors via the schematic frame rather
+# than the polyline's first vertex. ``_get_railing_path_anchor`` was the
+# helper for the old anchor strategy and has been deleted along with the
+# old gizmo group. If schematic-mode gains a similar path-derived helper,
+# new tests should land here.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_railing_schematic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+import types
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+import bmesh
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+from bonsai import tool
+from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import (
+    BaseSchematicGizmoGroup,
+    DimensionGizmoConfig,
+)
+from bonsai.bim.module.model.railing import GizmoRailingSchematic
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _require_real_bpy():
+    """Skip the file when ``bpy`` is mocked or absent.
+
+    Without this guard, mis-routed test runs (e.g. ``pytest test/bim/...``
+    invoked outside Blender) crash at module-collection time on the chain of
+    ``bonsai.tool`` imports below, instead of producing a clean ``skipped``.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(bpy, types.ModuleType) or hasattr(bpy, "_mock_name"):
+        pytest.skip("requires real Blender (bpy is mocked or absent)")
+
+
+# ── Class shape ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_inherits_base():
+    """GizmoRailingSchematic plugs into the schematic framework, not the
+    in-place dimension framework. If a future refactor breaks this lineage
+    the schematic-specific machinery (sliders, draw handler) silently goes
+    dormant."""
+    assert issubclass(GizmoRailingSchematic, BaseSchematicGizmoGroup)
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_bl_idname_preserved():
+    """``OBJECT_GGT_bim_railing_edition`` is the user-facing identifier and
+    is referenced by keymaps and persistence. Preserve it across the class
+    rename — see the migration note in the class docstring."""
+    assert GizmoRailingSchematic.bl_idname == "OBJECT_GGT_bim_railing_edition"
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_props_getter_pairing():
+    """``gizmo_pref_name = "railing"`` and ``props_getter = tool.Model.get_railing_props``
+    are the pairing test_parametric_registry depends on. If either drifts,
+    the addon-preferences gizmo toggle silently stops controlling this group."""
+    assert GizmoRailingSchematic.gizmo_pref_name == "railing"
+    assert GizmoRailingSchematic.props_getter == tool.Model.get_railing_props
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_disables_in_place_dimension_props():
+    """The schematic owns the value-input surface — no in-place dimensions on the actual geometry."""
+    assert GizmoRailingSchematic.dimension_gizmo_props == []
+
+
+# ── Dimension configuration ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_has_six_dimensions():
+    """One dimension per parametric property — three for each railing_type."""
+    assert len(GizmoRailingSchematic.schematic_dimension_props) == 6
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_dimension_attr_names_complete():
+    """The six bound attributes match the parametric properties that
+    ``update_railing_modifier_bmesh`` reads when regenerating the live preview."""
+    attr_names = {c.attr_name for c in GizmoRailingSchematic.schematic_dimension_props}
+    assert attr_names == {
+        "height",
+        "thickness",
+        "spacing",
+        "railing_diameter",
+        "clear_width",
+        "support_spacing",
+    }
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_dimensions_are_dimension_configs():
+    """The dimension-line aesthetic depends on ``DimensionGizmoConfig`` (with
+    arrows + label), not the abstract slider widget."""
+    for config in GizmoRailingSchematic.schematic_dimension_props:
+        assert isinstance(config, DimensionGizmoConfig)
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_dimensions_have_text_formatters():
+    """Each dimension must format the label from the actual property value,
+    not from the visually-scaled value the gizmo's getter returns. Without a
+    formatter the label would show the schematic-scaled length, which is
+    meaningless to the user."""
+    for config in GizmoRailingSchematic.schematic_dimension_props:
+        assert config.text_formatter is not None, f"{config.attr_name} missing text_formatter"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "attr_name,railing_type,expected",
+    [
+        ("height", "FRAMELESS_PANEL", True),
+        ("height", "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", False),
+        ("thickness", "FRAMELESS_PANEL", True),
+        ("spacing", "FRAMELESS_PANEL", True),
+        ("railing_diameter", "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", True),
+        ("railing_diameter", "FRAMELESS_PANEL", False),
+        ("clear_width", "WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", True),
+    ],
+)
+def test_railing_schematic_dimension_visibility_gated_by_railing_type(attr_name, railing_type, expected):
+    """The two railing types are mutually exclusive — height/thickness/spacing
+    belong to FRAMELESS_PANEL; railing_diameter/clear_width/support_spacing
+    belong to WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL. The visibility lambdas enforce that."""
+    config = next(c for c in GizmoRailingSchematic.schematic_dimension_props if c.attr_name == attr_name)
+    props = SimpleNamespace(railing_type=railing_type, use_manual_supports=False)
+    assert config.visibility_condition(props) is expected
+
+
+def test_railing_schematic_support_spacing_hidden_for_manual_supports():
+    """``support_spacing`` only drives auto-positioned supports — when the
+    user has switched to manual supports the dimension should disappear."""
+    config = next(c for c in GizmoRailingSchematic.schematic_dimension_props if c.attr_name == "support_spacing")
+    auto = SimpleNamespace(railing_type="WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", use_manual_supports=False)
+    manual = SimpleNamespace(railing_type="WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL", use_manual_supports=True)
+    assert config.visibility_condition(auto) is True
+    assert config.visibility_condition(manual) is False
+
+
+# ── Fixed-length tag rendering ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_schematic_dim_visible_length_is_constant():
+    """Every schematic dimension tag renders at the same width — the bar is a
+    UI affordance, not a proportional measurement. The constant ratio keeps
+    tiny (5 mm thickness) and huge (5 m height) values equally clickable; the
+    real value lives in the dimension label.
+
+    Regression guard: if value-proportional scaling is reintroduced, this
+    contract breaks silently — small dimensions start collapsing into stacked
+    arrows again.
+    """
+    cls = GizmoRailingSchematic
+    ratio = cls.SCHEMATIC_DIM_VISIBLE_LENGTH_RATIO
+    assert ratio > 0
+    assert ratio <= 1.0  # bar must fit within the schematic box
+
+
+def test_schematic_no_compute_schematic_scale_override():
+    """The constant-length schematic must not reintroduce scale-based
+    proportional sizing via a ``_compute_schematic_scale`` override."""
+    assert "_compute_schematic_scale" not in GizmoRailingSchematic.__dict__
+
+
+# ── Path-edit guard ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_update_editing_gizmos_override_defined_on_subclass():
+    """``GizmoRailingSchematic`` must own the override that hides the pen
+    icon during path-edit. The parent's version shows the pen whenever
+    ``is_editing`` is False, which includes path-edit; that would let the
+    user open two editing modes at once."""
+    assert "update_editing_gizmos" in GizmoRailingSchematic.__dict__
+
+
+# ── Schematic mesh building ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_build_schematic_mesh_frameless_panel_returns_bmesh_with_edges():
+    """FRAMELESS_PANEL renders as two separated wireframe boxes — 8 corners
+    per box × 2 = 16 verts; 12 edges per box × 2 = 24 edges. The visible
+    gap between the two boxes is the "spacing" semantic made literal.
+
+    The mesh proportions are fixed (independent of property values) so the
+    dimension gizmos can anchor to known feature positions; the property
+    values are shown through dimension labels, not the mesh size."""
+    props = SimpleNamespace(
+        railing_type="FRAMELESS_PANEL",
+        height=1.0,
+        thickness=0.05,
+        spacing=0.5,
+    )
+    bm = GizmoRailingSchematic.build_schematic_mesh(props)
+    try:
+        assert isinstance(bm, bmesh.types.BMesh)
+        assert len(bm.verts) == 16
+        assert len(bm.edges) == 24
+    finally:
+        bm.free()
+
+
+def test_build_schematic_mesh_wall_mounted_handrail_returns_bmesh_with_edges():
+    """WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL renders as three visual elements:
+
+    - **Wall outline** — 4 corner verts, 4 edges (rectangle at z=0).
+    - **Hex tube** — 12 verts (6 per ring × 2 ends), 18 edges
+      (6 left ring + 6 right ring + 6 axial).
+    - **L-brackets** at each rail end — 3 verts per bracket (rail centre,
+      corner, wall attach) × 2 brackets = 6 verts; 2 edges per bracket
+      (rail→corner, corner→wall) × 2 = 4 edges.
+
+    Total: 22 verts, 26 edges.
+    """
+    props = SimpleNamespace(
+        railing_type="WALL_MOUNTED_HANDRAIL",
+        railing_diameter=0.05,
+        clear_width=0.04,
+        support_spacing=1.0,
+    )
+    bm = GizmoRailingSchematic.build_schematic_mesh(props)
+    try:
+        assert isinstance(bm, bmesh.types.BMesh)
+        assert len(bm.verts) == 22
+        assert len(bm.edges) == 26
+    finally:
+        bm.free()
+
+
+def test_build_schematic_mesh_proportions_independent_of_props():
+    """The mesh uses fixed proportions so dimension gizmo anchor points stay
+    aligned with the geometry — extreme prop ratios don't change the mesh."""
+    small = SimpleNamespace(railing_type="FRAMELESS_PANEL", height=0.01, thickness=0.005, spacing=0.05)
+    large = SimpleNamespace(railing_type="FRAMELESS_PANEL", height=10.0, thickness=0.5, spacing=2.0)
+    bm_small = GizmoRailingSchematic.build_schematic_mesh(small)
+    bm_large = GizmoRailingSchematic.build_schematic_mesh(large)
+    try:
+        # Same vert count regardless of prop magnitude.
+        assert len(bm_small.verts) == len(bm_large.verts)
+        # Same bounding box in each axis (within floating-point noise).
+        for axis in range(3):
+            small_coords = [v.co[axis] for v in bm_small.verts]
+            large_coords = [v.co[axis] for v in bm_large.verts]
+            assert min(small_coords) == pytest.approx(min(large_coords))
+            assert max(small_coords) == pytest.approx(max(large_coords))
+    finally:
+        bm_small.free()
+        bm_large.free()
+
+
+def test_build_schematic_mesh_panel_top_matches_height_frac():
+    """The panel's top edge sits at exactly ``SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC``,
+    which is also where the ``thickness`` dimension anchors above the box.
+    If this drifts, the dimension labels float disconnected from the mesh."""
+    props = SimpleNamespace(railing_type="FRAMELESS_PANEL", height=1.0, thickness=0.05, spacing=0.3)
+    bm = GizmoRailingSchematic.build_schematic_mesh(props)
+    try:
+        max_y = max(v.co.y for v in bm.verts)
+        assert max_y == pytest.approx(GizmoRailingSchematic.SCHEMATIC_MESH_HEIGHT_FRAC)
+    finally:
+        bm.free()

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_regenerate_wall.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Pins the branching contract of ``tool.Model.regenerate_wall``.
+
+The body rebuild always runs (extrusion + openings); the slab re-clip only
+runs when an ``IfcRelConnectsElements(TOP)`` rel survives. A wall without
+either feature still completes without crashing."""
+
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+import bonsai.tool as tool
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+
+def test_regenerate_wall_rebuilds_body_and_reclips_when_connected():
+    """Wall with a TOP connection: body rebuilt first, then re-clipped."""
+    element = Mock()
+    obj = Mock()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.tool.model.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=element), patch.object(
+        tool.Model, "recreate_wall"
+    ) as recreate, patch.object(tool.Model, "has_underside_connection", return_value=True), patch(
+        "bonsai.tool.model.bonsai.core.model.regenerate_wall_to_underside"
+    ) as regen:
+        tool.Model.regenerate_wall(obj)
+
+    recreate.assert_called_once_with(element, obj)
+    regen.assert_called_once()
+    args, _ = regen.call_args
+    assert args[3] == [obj]
+
+
+def test_regenerate_wall_skips_reclip_when_no_top_rel():
+    """Wall without a TOP connection: body rebuilt; re-clip skipped."""
+    element = Mock()
+    obj = Mock()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.tool.model.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=element), patch.object(
+        tool.Model, "recreate_wall"
+    ) as recreate, patch.object(tool.Model, "has_underside_connection", return_value=False), patch(
+        "bonsai.tool.model.bonsai.core.model.regenerate_wall_to_underside"
+    ) as regen:
+        tool.Model.regenerate_wall(obj)
+
+    recreate.assert_called_once_with(element, obj)
+    regen.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_regenerate_wall_noops_when_obj_has_no_ifc_entity():
+    """Non-IFC objects (e.g. a freshly created Blender mesh before
+    `tool.Ifc.run("root.create_entity")` runs) return None from get_entity;
+    the helper must return without touching the body or any rels."""
+    obj = Mock()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.tool.model.tool.Ifc.get_entity", return_value=None), patch.object(
+        tool.Model, "recreate_wall"
+    ) as recreate, patch.object(tool.Model, "has_underside_connection") as has_top, patch(
+        "bonsai.tool.model.bonsai.core.model.regenerate_wall_to_underside"
+    ) as regen:
+        tool.Model.regenerate_wall(obj)
+
+    recreate.assert_not_called()
+    has_top.assert_not_called()
+    regen.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_recreate_wall_noops_when_wall_has_no_layer_set():
+    """``recreate_wall`` must short-circuit when
+    ``regenerate_wall_representation`` returns ``None``. That API only knows
+    how to rebuild ``IfcMaterialLayerSet`` walls; for walls without one it
+    returns ``None``, and feeding ``None`` to ``switch_representation``
+    crashes deep inside ``resolve_representation`` on ``.Items``."""
+    element = Mock()
+    obj = Mock()
+
+    with patch("bonsai.tool.model.tool.Parametric.is_fillet_corner_wall", return_value=False), patch(
+        "bonsai.tool.model.tool.Ifc.get", return_value=Mock()
+    ), patch("bonsai.tool.model.ifcopenshell.api.geometry.regenerate_wall_representation", return_value=None), patch(
+        "bonsai.tool.model.bonsai.core.geometry.switch_representation"
+    ) as switch, patch.object(
+        tool.Geometry, "record_object_materials"
+    ) as record:
+        tool.Model.recreate_wall(element, obj)
+
+    switch.assert_not_called()
+    record.assert_not_called()

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_stair_gizmos.py

@@ -39,12 +39,6 @@ import pytest
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
-def _require_real_bpy():
-    if not isinstance(bpy, types.ModuleType) or hasattr(bpy, "_mock_name"):
-        pytest.skip("requires real Blender (bpy is mocked or absent)")
-
-
 def _rotation_close(a, b, tol: float = 1e-6) -> bool:
     for row_a, row_b in zip(a, b):
         for va, vb in zip(row_a, row_b):

src/bonsai/test/bim/module/model/test_transform_modal_gate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+# Bonsai - OpenBIM Blender Add-on
+# Copyright (C) 2026
+#
+# This file is part of Bonsai.
+#
+# Bonsai is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Bonsai is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Bonsai.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# This file was generated with the assistance of an AI coding tool.
+
+"""Behaviour contract: every parametric gizmo group hides while a Blender
+transform modal (G/R/S and siblings) is dragging ``matrix_world``.
+
+Discovery walks each parametric-edit module rather than naming gizmo groups —
+adding a new group automatically joins the test. The test exercises the
+BEHAVIOUR (poll returns False / draw_prepare early-returns when a transform
+modal is active) without pinning the name of the helper used internally."""
+
+import importlib
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import bpy
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.model
+
+PARAMETRIC_MODULES = (
+    "bonsai.bim.module.model.array",
+    "bonsai.bim.module.model.door",
+    "bonsai.bim.module.model.host_add_opening_gizmo",
+    "bonsai.bim.module.model.roof",
+    "bonsai.bim.module.model.stair",
+    "bonsai.bim.module.model.wall",
+    "bonsai.bim.module.model.window",
+)
+
+
+def _discover_parametric_gizmo_groups():
+    """Walk each parametric-edit module for ``bpy.types.GizmoGroup`` subclasses
+    defined locally. Preview-owning gizmo groups (bl_idname contains 'preview')
+    are excluded from the poll-level test: their poll legitimately fires while
+    the preview is active, and the transform-modal hide for them lives in
+    ``draw_prepare`` via ``BillboardingGizmoGroupMixin``."""
+    out = []
+    for mod_path in PARAMETRIC_MODULES:
+        mod = importlib.import_module(mod_path)
+        for name in dir(mod):
+            obj = getattr(mod, name)
+            if not isinstance(obj, type):
+                continue
+            if not issubclass(obj, bpy.types.GizmoGroup) or obj is bpy.types.GizmoGroup:
+                continue
+            if obj.__module__ != mod.__name__:
+                continue
+            bl_idname = (getattr(obj, "bl_idname", "") or "").lower()
+            if "preview" in bl_idname:
+                continue
+            out.append((f"{mod_path.rsplit('.', 1)[-1]}.{name}", obj))
+    return out
+
+
+class TestDiscoveryFindsParametricGizmoGroups:
+    def test_at_least_one_group_per_canonical_module(self):
+        """If discovery returns zero groups for a module the walk has drifted —
+        likely the gizmo group moved to a different file. Surface the drift
+        with the module name in the diagnostic."""
+        per_module: dict[str, int] = {}
+        for fq_name, _cls in _discover_parametric_gizmo_groups():
+            mod_short = fq_name.split(".", 1)[0]
+            per_module[mod_short] = per_module.get(mod_short, 0) + 1
+        empty = [m.rsplit(".", 1)[-1] for m in PARAMETRIC_MODULES if per_module.get(m.rsplit(".", 1)[-1], 0) == 0]
+        assert not empty, (
+            f"Parametric modules with zero GizmoGroup subclasses (discovery walk drifted?): {empty}. "
+            "Update PARAMETRIC_MODULES or check whether the gizmo groups moved to a new file."
+        )
+
+
+class TestParametricGizmoPollsHideDuringTransformModal:
+    """For each discovered parametric gizmo group, mock the transform-modal
+    detector to True and call ``poll(bpy.context)``. Every poll must return
+    False — any True is a poll that wouldn't hide during a G/R/S drag, leaving
+    the gizmos jittering against the dragging matrix."""
+
+    def test_every_group_poll_returns_false_when_transform_modal_active(self):
+        groups = _discover_parametric_gizmo_groups()
+        offenders = []
+        with patch(
+            "bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos._is_transform_modal_active",
+            return_value=True,
+        ):
+            for name, cls in groups:
+                poll = getattr(cls, "poll", None)
+                if poll is None:
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    result = poll(bpy.context)
+                except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                    offenders.append((name, f"poll raised: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}"))
+                    continue
+                if result:
+                    offenders.append((name, "poll returned True with transform modal active"))
+
+        assert not offenders, (
+            "Parametric gizmo polls that don't gate on the transform-modal detector "
+            "(or raise instead of returning False): "
+            + ", ".join(f"{n} — {why}" for n, why in offenders)
+            + ". Hide parametric gizmos while Blender's transform modal is dragging "
+            "matrix_world so they don't jitter off-cursor. The conventional path is to "
+            "early-return from poll when _is_transform_modal_active(context) is True."
+        )
+
+
+class TestBaseParametricPollHidesDuringTransformModal:
+    """Cross-feature base poll: door / window / stair / roof / railing / array
+    all inherit ``BaseParametricGizmoGroup``. Its poll must short-circuit on
+    the transform-modal detector so every inheriting feature behaves uniformly."""
+
+    def test_base_parametric_poll_returns_false(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import BaseParametricGizmoGroup
+
+        with patch("bonsai.tool.Blender.get_active_object", return_value=object()):
+            with patch("bonsai.tool.Blender.are_viewport_gizmos_enabled", return_value=True):
+                with patch(
+                    "bonsai.bim.module.model.preview_base.any_preview_active",
+                    return_value=False,
+                ):
+                    with patch(
+                        "bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos._is_transform_modal_active",
+                        return_value=True,
+                    ):
+                        assert BaseParametricGizmoGroup.poll(bpy.context) is False
+
+
+class TestBaseIconActionPollHidesDuringTransformModal:
+    """``BaseIconActionGroup`` is the parent of the simple icon-row gizmo
+    groups; its poll mirrors the base parametric gate for forward-compat
+    symmetry. Pinning here ensures a future icon-row group authored via this
+    base inherits the transform-modal hide for free."""
+
+    def test_base_icon_action_poll_returns_false(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import BaseIconActionGroup
+
+        with patch("bonsai.tool.Blender.get_active_object", return_value=object()):
+            with patch("bonsai.tool.Blender.are_viewport_gizmos_enabled", return_value=True):
+                with patch(
+                    "bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos._is_transform_modal_active",
+                    return_value=True,
+                ):
+                    assert BaseIconActionGroup.poll(bpy.context) is False
+
+
+class TestHelperReadsWindowModalOperators:
+    """Pin the public contract of ``_is_transform_modal_active``: it reads
+    ``context.window.modal_operators`` (Blender 4.2+) and returns True iff any
+    operator's ``bl_idname`` starts with ``TRANSFORM_OT_``. The check itself
+    is dependency-free and worth pinning so a future refactor that swaps the
+    detection mechanism either keeps the contract or updates the test."""
+
+    def test_returns_true_for_transform_translate(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import _is_transform_modal_active
+
+        fake_op = MagicMock()
+        fake_op.bl_idname = "TRANSFORM_OT_translate"
+        fake_context = MagicMock()
+        fake_context.window.modal_operators = [fake_op]
+        assert _is_transform_modal_active(fake_context) is True
+
+    def test_returns_true_for_transform_rotate_and_resize(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import _is_transform_modal_active
+
+        for idname in ("TRANSFORM_OT_rotate", "TRANSFORM_OT_resize", "TRANSFORM_OT_shear"):
+            fake_op = MagicMock()
+            fake_op.bl_idname = idname
+            fake_context = MagicMock()
+            fake_context.window.modal_operators = [fake_op]
+            assert _is_transform_modal_active(fake_context) is True, f"missed {idname}"
+
+    def test_returns_false_for_non_transform_modal(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import _is_transform_modal_active
+
+        fake_op = MagicMock()
+        fake_op.bl_idname = "VIEW3D_OT_select_box"
+        fake_context = MagicMock()
+        fake_context.window.modal_operators = [fake_op]
+        assert _is_transform_modal_active(fake_context) is False
+
+    def test_returns_true_for_bonsai_move_macro(self):
+        """Bonsai overrides the G key with a macro that wraps
+        ``TRANSFORM_OT_translate``. While the macro is the outer modal entry
+        the inner transform does not surface in ``modal_operators``; matching
+        the macro idname covers the gap. Note Blender exposes ``bl_idname``
+        at runtime in the ``BIM_OT_<verb_noun>`` form, not the ``bim.<verb_noun>``
+        form used in the class declaration — verified via real-Blender modal
+        introspection during grab."""
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import _is_transform_modal_active
+
+        macros = (
+            "BIM_OT_override_move_macro",
+            "BIM_OT_override_object_duplicate_move_macro",
+            "BIM_OT_override_object_duplicate_move_linked_macro",
+            "BIM_OT_object_duplicate_move_linked_aggregate_macro",
+        )
+        for idname in macros:
+            fake_op = MagicMock()
+            fake_op.bl_idname = idname
+            fake_context = MagicMock()
+            fake_context.window.modal_operators = [fake_op]
+            assert _is_transform_modal_active(fake_context) is True, f"missed {idname}"
+
+    def test_returns_false_for_empty_modal_stack(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import _is_transform_modal_active
+
+        fake_context = MagicMock()
+        fake_context.window.modal_operators = []
+        assert _is_transform_modal_active(fake_context) is False
+
+    def test_returns_false_when_window_is_none(self):
+        from bonsai.bim.module.drawing.gizmos import _is_transform_modal_active
+
+        fake_context = MagicMock()
+        fake_context.window = None
+        assert _is_transform_modal_active(fake_context) is False