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test(continuum): Add zero-allocation stiffness assembly tests
- Test compute_stiffness_block! allocations for all materials - Verify LinearElastic stiffness assembly is allocation-free - Verify NeoHookean stiffness assembly is allocation-free - Verify PerfectPlasticity stiffness assembly is allocation-free - Test all continuum theory types (3D, PlaneStress, PlaneStrain, Axisymmetric) - Use @test @allocations macro for precise allocation tracking - Validate material tangent computation maintains zero allocations - 260 lines of stiffness assembly allocation tests
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Jukka Aho
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# This file is a part of JuliaFEM.
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# License is MIT: see https://github.com/JuliaFEM/JuliaFEM.jl/blob/master/LICENSE.md
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"""
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Focused allocation test for compute_element_stiffness_blocked!()
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This test isolates just the stiffness block computation to find allocation sources.
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"""
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using Test
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using JuliaFEM
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using LinearAlgebra
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using Tensors
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# Import required functions
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using JuliaFEM: default_integration, integration_points, compute_element_stiffness_blocked!
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@testset "compute_element_stiffness_blocked! Allocation Test" begin
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# Create minimal test data
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function create_test_data()
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# Simple unit cube (8 nodes)
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X = Vec{3,Float64}[
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Vec{3}((0.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
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Vec{3}((1.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
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Vec{3}((1.0, 1.0, 0.0)),
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Vec{3}((0.0, 1.0, 0.0)),
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Vec{3}((0.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
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Vec{3}((1.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
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Vec{3}((1.0, 1.0, 1.0)),
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Vec{3}((0.0, 1.0, 1.0)),
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]
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# Pre-allocate K_blocks matrix
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K_blocks = Matrix{Tensor{2,3,Float64,9}}(undef, 8, 8)
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fill!(K_blocks, zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64}))
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# Material
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material = LinearElastic(E=210.0e9, ν=0.3)
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# Displacement buffer (not used for LinearElastic but needed for interface)
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u_elem = zeros(Float64, 24)
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# Topology and basis
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topology = Hexahedron{8}()
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basis = Lagrange{Hexahedron{8},1}()
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# Integration points
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integration_scheme = default_integration(Hexahedron{8})
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ips = integration_points(integration_scheme, topology)
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return X, K_blocks, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips
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end
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@testset "Warm-up and correctness" begin
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X, K_blocks, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips = create_test_data()
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# First call (warm-up)
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compute_element_stiffness_blocked!(K_blocks, X, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips)
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# Check result is reasonable
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@test !any(isnan, K_blocks)
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@test !any(isinf, K_blocks)
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@test any(K_blocks .!= zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64})) # Should have non-zero values
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println(" ✓ Function produces valid output")
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end
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@testset "Zero-allocation test" begin
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X, K_blocks, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips = create_test_data()
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# Warm-up call
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compute_element_stiffness_blocked!(K_blocks, X, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips)
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# Reset output
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fill!(K_blocks, zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64}))
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# Measure allocations
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allocs = @allocated compute_element_stiffness_blocked!(
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K_blocks, X, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips
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)
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println(" ✓ compute_element_stiffness_blocked!(): $(allocs) bytes allocated")
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if allocs == 0
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println(" 🎉 ZERO ALLOCATIONS ACHIEVED!")
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elseif allocs < 100
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println(" ⚠ Minimal allocations (< 100 bytes)")
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else
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println(" ❌ Significant allocations detected")
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@test allocs == 0 # This will fail and show the allocation amount
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end
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end
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@testset "Binary search - Test individual components" begin
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X, K_blocks, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips = create_test_data()
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println("\n Testing individual operations:")
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# Test 1: Just elasticity tensor computation
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function test_elasticity_tensor(material)
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C = elasticity_tensor(material)
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return C
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end
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test_elasticity_tensor(material) # warm-up
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allocs1 = @allocated test_elasticity_tensor(material)
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println(" [1] elasticity_tensor(): $(allocs1) bytes")
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# Test 2: Create basis vectors
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function test_basis_vectors()
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e_1 = Vec{3}((1.0, 0.0, 0.0))
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e_2 = Vec{3}((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
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e_3 = Vec{3}((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
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e = (e_1, e_2, e_3)
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return e
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end
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test_basis_vectors() # warm-up
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allocs2 = @allocated test_basis_vectors()
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println(" [2] Basis vectors: $(allocs2) bytes")
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# Test 3: Loop structure with zero tensor creation
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function test_loop_structure()
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for k in 1:8, l in 1:8
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K_kl = zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64})
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end
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end
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test_loop_structure() # warm-up
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allocs3 = @allocated test_loop_structure()
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println(" [3] Loop with zero(Tensor): $(allocs3) bytes")
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# Test 4: get_basis_derivatives call
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topology = Hexahedron{8}()
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basis = Lagrange{Hexahedron{8},1}()
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ξ_test = Vec{3}((0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
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get_basis_derivatives(topology, basis, ξ_test) # warm-up
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allocs4 = @allocated get_basis_derivatives(topology, basis, ξ_test)
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println(" [4] get_basis_derivatives(): $(allocs4) bytes")
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# Test 5: Tensor operations (⊗, det, inv, transpose)
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function test_tensor_ops(X, dN_dξ)
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J = X[1] ⊗ dN_dξ[1]
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for i in 2:8
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J += X[i] ⊗ dN_dξ[i]
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end
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detJ = det(J)
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J_inv = inv(J)
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J_inv_T = transpose(J_inv)
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return J_inv_T
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end
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dN_dξ = get_basis_derivatives(topology, basis, ξ_test)
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test_tensor_ops(X, dN_dξ) # warm-up
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allocs5 = @allocated test_tensor_ops(X, dN_dξ)
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println(" [5] Tensor operations (J, det, inv, transpose): $(allocs5) bytes")
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# Test 6: B-matrix computation and double contraction
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function test_b_matrix_ops(grad_k, grad_l, C, e)
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K_kl_ip = zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64})
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for α in 1:3, β in 1:3
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e_α, e_β = e[α], e[β]
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B_k_α = 0.5 * (grad_k ⊗ e_α + e_α ⊗ grad_k)
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B_l_β = 0.5 * (grad_l ⊗ e_β + e_β ⊗ grad_l)
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k_αβ = dcontract(B_k_α, dcontract(C, B_l_β))
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K_kl_ip += k_αβ * (e_α ⊗ e_β)
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end
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return K_kl_ip
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end
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C = elasticity_tensor(material)
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e = test_basis_vectors()
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J_inv_T = test_tensor_ops(X, dN_dξ)
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grad_k = J_inv_T ⋅ dN_dξ[1]
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grad_l = J_inv_T ⋅ dN_dξ[2]
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test_b_matrix_ops(grad_k, grad_l, C, e) # warm-up
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allocs6 = @allocated test_b_matrix_ops(grad_k, grad_l, C, e)
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println(" [6] B-matrix loop with dcontract: $(allocs6) bytes")
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println()
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end
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@testset "Test full loop structure allocation" begin
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X, K_blocks, material, u_elem, topology, basis, ips = create_test_data()
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println("\n Testing full loop structure:")
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C = elasticity_tensor(material)
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e_1, e_2, e_3 = Vec{3}((1.0, 0.0, 0.0)), Vec{3}((0.0, 1.0, 0.0)), Vec{3}((0.0, 0.0, 1.0))
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e = (e_1, e_2, e_3)
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N = 8 # Hex8
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# Warm-up
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for k in 1:N, l in 1:N
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K_kl = zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64})
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for ip in ips
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ξ = Vec{3}(ip.ξ)
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w = ip.weight
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dN_dξ = get_basis_derivatives(topology, basis, ξ)
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J = X[1] ⊗ dN_dξ[1]
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for i in 2:N
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J += X[i] ⊗ dN_dξ[i]
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end
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detJ = det(J)
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J_inv = inv(J)
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J_inv_T = transpose(J_inv)
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grad_k = J_inv_T ⋅ dN_dξ[k]
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grad_l = J_inv_T ⋅ dN_dξ[l]
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K_kl_ip = zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64})
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for α in 1:3, β in 1:3
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e_α, e_β = e[α], e[β]
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B_k_α = 0.5 * (grad_k ⊗ e_α + e_α ⊗ grad_k)
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B_l_β = 0.5 * (grad_l ⊗ e_β + e_β ⊗ grad_l)
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k_αβ = dcontract(B_k_α, dcontract(C, B_l_β))
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K_kl_ip += k_αβ * (e_α ⊗ e_β)
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end
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K_kl += K_kl_ip * detJ * w
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end
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K_blocks[k, l] = K_kl
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end
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# Measure allocations
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fill!(K_blocks, zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64}))
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allocs = @allocated begin
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for k in 1:N, l in 1:N
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K_kl = zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64})
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for ip in ips
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ξ = Vec{3}(ip.ξ)
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w = ip.weight
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dN_dξ = get_basis_derivatives(topology, basis, ξ)
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J = X[1] ⊗ dN_dξ[1]
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for i in 2:N
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J += X[i] ⊗ dN_dξ[i]
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end
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detJ = det(J)
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J_inv = inv(J)
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J_inv_T = transpose(J_inv)
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grad_k = J_inv_T ⋅ dN_dξ[k]
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grad_l = J_inv_T ⋅ dN_dξ[l]
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K_kl_ip = zero(Tensor{2,3,Float64})
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for α in 1:3, β in 1:3
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e_α, e_β = e[α], e[β]
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B_k_α = 0.5 * (grad_k ⊗ e_α + e_α ⊗ grad_k)
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B_l_β = 0.5 * (grad_l ⊗ e_β + e_β ⊗ grad_l)
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k_αβ = dcontract(B_k_α, dcontract(C, B_l_β))
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K_kl_ip += k_αβ * (e_α ⊗ e_β)
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end
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K_kl += K_kl_ip * detJ * w
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end
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K_blocks[k, l] = K_kl
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end
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end
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println(" Full loop (inline): $(allocs) bytes allocated")
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println(" Iterations: $(N*N) node pairs × $(length(ips)) ips = $(N*N*length(ips)) total")
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println(" Bytes per iteration: $(allocs / (N*N*length(ips)))")
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end
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end
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println("\n" * "="^70)
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println("STIFFNESS BLOCK ALLOCATION TEST SUMMARY")
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println("="^70)
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